Systems and methods for transferring data communication in a rotating platform of a LIDAR system

1. A bi-directional data communication link, comprising:

a LIDAR assembly including a stationary portion configured for attachment to an autonomous vehicle and a second portion rotatably operable to rotate in relation to the stationary portion, wherein the second portion includes one or more emitting devices and receiving devices for detecting objects surrounding the autonomous vehicle;

a first printed circuit board assembly (PCBA) located within the stationary portion, the first PCBA including a first optical transceiver;

a second PCBA located within the second portion, the second PCBA including a second optical transceiver; and

a hollow shaft extending between the stationary portion and the second portion,

wherein the first optical transceiver is disposed at a first open end of the hollow shaft and the second optical transceiver is disposed at a second open end of the hollow shaft, the first optical transceiver being configured to transmit a first optical data signal within the hollow shaft to the second optical transceiver, and the second optical transceiver being configured to transmit a second optical data signal within the hollow shaft to the first optical transceiver,

wherein the hollow shaft extends through and rotates with the second PCBA, and

wherein the hollow shaft overlaps the second PCBA in a direction perpendicular to an axis of rotation.

2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first optical data signal is transmitted as a first optical pulse train, and the second optical data signal is transmitted as a second optical pulse train.

3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first optical data signal is encoded by the first PCBA prior to being transmitted to the second optical transceiver, and

wherein the second PCBA is configured to decode the first optical data signal.

4. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:

a first antenna array positioned around the hollow shaft and affixed to the stationary portion, and

a second antenna array affixed to the second portion or the hollow shaft.

5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the second optical data signal is encoded by the second PCBA prior to being transmitted to the first optical transceiver, and

wherein the first PCBA is configured to decode the second optical data signal.

6. The system of claim 4 , wherein the hollow shaft rotates with the second antenna array.

7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first optical transceiver and the second optical transceiver are positioned to maintain optical alignment along a rotational boundary axis between the stationary portion and the second portion.

8. The system of claim 1 , wherein an airtight seal is formed between the first optical transceiver, the second optical transceiver, and the hollow shaft to prevent degradation of the first optical signal and the second optical signal by external contaminants.

9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first optical data signal and the second optical data signal are transmitted simultaneously.

10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first PCBA and the first transceiver are connected using a first differential communication link and the second PCBA and the second transceiver are connected using a second differential communication link.

11. The system of claim 10 , wherein the first differential communication link is a first low voltage differential signaling system and the second differential communication link is a second low voltage differential signaling system.

12. The system of claim 10 , wherein the first differential communication link is a first current-mode logic system and the second differential communication link is a second current-mode logic system.

13. The system of claim 1 , wherein one or more bearings are connected to an outer surface of the hollow shaft and to the second portion.

14. A bi-directional data communication method, comprising:

transmitting a first optical data signal within a hollow shaft from a first optical transceiver to a second optical transceiver, wherein the first optical transceiver is connected to a first PCBA located within a stationary portion of a LIDAR assembly, and the stationary portion is configured for attachment to an autonomous vehicle;

transmitting a second optical data signal within the hollow shaft from the second optical transceiver to the first optical transceiver, wherein the second optical transceiver is connected to a second PCBA located within a second portion of a LIDAR assembly, wherein the second portion is operable to rotate in relation to the stationary portion,

wherein the hollow shaft extends through and rotates with the second PCBA.

15. The method of claim 14 , further comprising: transmitting the first optical data signal as a first optical pulse train; and transmitting the second optical data signal as a second optical pulse train.

16. The method of claim 14 , encoding the first optical data signal prior to being transmitted to the second optical transceiver; and encoding the second optical data signal prior to being transmitted to the first optical transceiver.

17. The method of claim 14 , further comprising: preventing external contaminants from degrading the first optical signal and the second optical signal using an airtight seal between the hollow shaft, the first transceiver, and the second transceiver.

18. The method of claim 14 , further comprising: electrically connecting the first PCBA and the first transceiver using a first differential communication link; and electrically connecting the second PCBA and the second transceiver using a second differential communication link.

19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the first differential communication link is a first low voltage differential signaling system and the second differential communication link is a second low voltage differential signaling system.

20. A data communication link, comprising:

a LIDAR assembly including a stationary portion configured for attachment to an autonomous vehicle and a second portion operable to rotate in relation to the stationary portion, wherein the second portion includes one or more emitting devices and receiving devices for detecting objects surrounding the autonomous vehicle; and

a hollow shaft extending between the stationary portion and the second portion,

wherein a first optical transceiver is disposed at a first open end of the hollow shaft and a second optical transceiver is disposed at a second open end of the hollow shaft, and the first optical transceiver and the second optical transceiver are configured for bi-directional communication using one or more optical data signals, and

wherein the hollow shaft extends through and rotates with the second portion.