System, method, and composition for controlling fracture growth
A system, composition and method for controlling vertical growth direction (up and down) of one or more fractures and/or rate of growth of one or more fractures by varying the specific gravity of one or more slurries or fluids being pumped into a well during a tracking operation.
1. A method of controlling a vertical growth of at least one fracture in a subterranean formation, the method comprising:
pumping a first fracturing fluid or slurry of a first specific gravity into said subterranean formation, wherein the first fracturing fluid or slurry has a fracture gradient higher than a formation fracture gradient;
receiving an information comprising at least one of: (a) a surface and/or a downhole pressure and a temperature information indicating a fracture growth rate and a fracture growth direction, and (b) a surface and/or a downhole real time seismic information indicating the fracture growth rate and the fracture growth direction;
varying a density of the first fracturing fluid or slurry in dependence on the information so as to vary the fracture growth direction, whereby the fracture growth direction in which at least one fracture is growing is changed to a second direction during pumping; and,
pumping a second fracturing fluid or slurry of a second specific gravity into said subterranean formation, wherein the specific gravity of the second fracturing fluid or slurry is different from the specific gravity of the first fracturing fluid or slurry, wherein the specific gravity of the second fracturing fluid or slurry is higher than the specific gravity of the first fracturing fluid or slurry, thereby controlling the fracture growth direction of the at least one fracture in a downward direction.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising inputting the information into an automated manifold which automatically varies the density of the first fracturing fluid or slurry to steer fracture growth.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least 80% of the fracture growth direction is controlled to grow in the downward direction.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the specific gravity of the second fracturing fluid or slurry is varied by at least one of: (a) adding barite; (b) adding hematite; (c) adding a material having a specific gravity of at least 3.0; (d) increasing a pounds per gallon of a proppant per gallon of a carrier fluid; and (e) decreasing the pounds per gallon of the proppant per gallon of the carrier fluid.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the specific gravity of the first fracturing fluid or slurry is varied by at least one of: (a) adding barite; (b) adding hematite; (c) adding a material having a specific gravity of at least 3.0; (d) increasing a pounds per gallon of a proppant per gallon of a carrier fluid; and (e) decreasing the pounds per gallon of the proppant per gallon of the carrier fluid.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising pumping a third fracturing fluid or slurry of a third specific gravity into said subterranean formation, wherein the specific gravity of the third fracturing fluid or slurry is different from the specific gravity of the first fracturing fluid or slurry and the specific gravity of the second fracturing fluid or slurry.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first fracturing fluid or slurry comprises a carrier fluid and a proppant and the first fracturing fluid or slurry is changed by varying a specific gravity of the carrier fluid used to suspend the proppant.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one proppant of varying specific gravity is used such that the proppant either sinks, is neutrally buoyant, or floats relative to the first fracturing fluid or slurry.
9. An automated system for controlling a vertical growth of at least one fracture in a subterranean formation, comprising:
a pressure manifold;
a first pit configured to hold a first fracturing fluid or slurry, the first pit being fluidly coupled to the pressure manifold;
a second pit configured to hold a second fracturing fluid or slurry, the second pit being fluidly coupled to the pressure manifold; and,
wherein the automated system is configured to carry out the method of claim 1 by automatically operating the pressure manifold to vary at least one of the first fracturing fluid or slurry density and the second fracturing fluid or slurry density so as to steer fracture growth.