Switch assembly and methods of use
Various implementations include a switch assembly that includes a housing and at least two printed circuit boards (PCBs) that are disposed within the housing and are axially arranged relative to each other. One or more force sensors are disposed on one of the PCBs, and, in some implementations, the one or more force sensors receive force input received by a touch overlay plate. Signals from the force sensors are processed to determine a magnitude, acceleration, and/or location of the force input, and a haptic feedback response is received by the touch overlay plate. The haptic feedback response is based on the force magnitude, acceleration, and/or location of input, according to some implementations. Axially arranging the PCBs reduces the footprint of the switch assembly and allows for the inclusion of more electrical components in the switch assembly, according to some implementations.
1. A switch assembly comprising:
a housing having one or more walls that define a chamber;
a printed circuit board (PCB) disposed within the chamber, the PCB having a first planar surface that faces in a first axial direction and a second planar surface that faces in a second axial direction, the second axial direction being opposite from the first axial direction, the PCB comprising one or more force sensors disposed on the second planar surface;
at least one support surface facing in the second axial direction, the support surface being fixedly coupled to the housing, wherein at least a portion of the first planar surface of the PCB engages the support surface;
a flexible membrane, the flexible membrane having a first surface that faces in the first axial direction toward the second surface of the PCB and a second surface that faces in the second axial direction; and
a touch overlay plate, the touch overlay plate having a first surface that faces in the first axial direction and a second surface that faces in the second axial direction, wherein the first surface of the touch overlay plate is coupled to the second surface of the flexible membrane.
2. The switch assembly of claim 1 , wherein the one or more force sensors comprise a plurality of force sensors that are separate and spaced apart from each other, and the at least one support surface comprises a plurality of support surfaces that are each axially aligned with a respective force sensor.
3. The switch assembly of claim 1 , wherein the one or more walls of the housing comprise a first wall that extends orthogonally to the first and second axial directions and a second wall that extends in the second axial direction from the first wall, the second wall having a distal edge that is axially spaced apart from the first wall, a plurality of posts extend from the distal edge of the second wall in the second axial direction and are circumferentially spaced apart from each other, the flexible membrane defines a plurality of openings, and the posts of the housing extend through the openings defined by the flexible membrane.
4. The switch assembly of claim 3 , further comprising a frame having a wall, the wall having an outer radial edge and an inner radial edge, the inner radial edge defining an opening having a central axis extending through the opening, wherein the frame is coupled adjacent the distal edge of the second wall of the housing such that the flexible membrane is disposed between the frame and the distal edge of the second wall of the housing.
5. The switch assembly of claim 4 , wherein the wall of the frame defines a plurality of post openings between the outer and inner radial edges of the wall of the frame, the post openings being axially aligned with respective posts extending from the distal edge of the second wall of the housing, and the respective posts extending at least partially through the post openings of the wall of the frame.
6. The switch assembly of claim 4 , wherein the frame is statically coupled to the second wall of the housing, and the switch assembly further comprises a spring and a light guide having a first surface that faces in the first axial direction and a second surface that faces in the second axial direction, the spring being coupled to the frame and disposed adjacent the second surface of the light guide, the spring urging the light guide toward the PCB for pre-loading the force sensors.
7. The switch assembly of claim 6 , wherein the light guide comprises at least two posts that extend axially from the second surface of the light guide, the light guide posts being disposed radially inwardly of the inner radial edge of the wall of the frame, and the spring comprises a leaf spring, the leaf spring having at least two leg portions engaging distal ends of respective light guide posts.
8. The switch assembly of claim 1 , wherein the first surface of the touch overlay plate is adhered to the second surface of the flexible membrane.
9. The switch assembly of claim 1 , wherein the switch assembly is mountable to a steering wheel assembly of a vehicle.
10. A switch assembly comprising:
a housing having one or more walls that define a chamber;
a printed circuit board (PCB) disposed within the chamber, the PCB having a first planar surface that faces in a first axial direction and a second planar surface that faces in a second axial direction, the second axial direction being opposite from the first axial direction;
a plurality of force sensors disposed directly on the second planar surface of the PCB;
at least one support surface facing in the second axial direction, the support surface being integrally formed with the housing, wherein at least a portion of the first planar surface of the PCB engages the support surface;
a touch overlay plate disposed over the plurality of force sensors, the touch overlay plate comprising a first surface disposed facing the plurality of force sensors and a second surface opposite the first surface, wherein the touch overlay plate passes a touch force incident on the second surface through to at least two of the plurality of force sensors, and wherein the first surface of the touch overlay plate is spaced apart from the second planar surface of the PCB;
at least one light source disposed directly on the second planar surface of the PCB and adjacent the first surface of the touch overlay plate such that at least a portion of the touch overlay plate is illuminated by the at least one light source; and
a haptic exciter connected to the PCB and vibrationally coupled to the touch overlay plate, wherein the haptic exciter generates at least one of a tactile or audible feedback that is amplified by the touch overlay plate.
11. The switch assembly of claim 10 , wherein at least a portion of the touch overlay plate is transparent or translucent and the at least one light source directs light through the first surface of the touch overlay plate to illuminate the second surface of the touch overlay plate to create the illuminated portion of the touch overlay plate.
12. The switch assembly of claim 11 , wherein one or more icons are disposed adjacent the illuminated portion of the touch overlay plate.
13. The switch assembly of claim 11 , further comprising a light guide, wherein the light guide is disposed axially between the first surface of the touch overlay plate and the second planar surface of the PCB.
14. The switch assembly of claim 13 , wherein the light guide has a first surface that faces the first axial direction, a second surface that faces the second axial direction, and one or more side edges that connect the first surface with the second surface, wherein light from the at least one light source enters the light guide from any one or more of the first surface and/or the one or more side edges and is directed toward the second surface.
15. The switch assembly of claim 14 , further comprising one or more light altering films disposed adjacent at least one surface of the light guide.
16. The switch assembly of claim 10 , wherein the at least one light source comprises one or more light emitting diodes.
17. The switch assembly of claim 10 , wherein the plurality of force sensors change at least one electrical property in response to a touch force applied to the touch overlay plate.
18. The switch assembly of claim 10 , wherein the plurality of force sensors are comprised of one or more of a mechanical sensor, a resistive sensor, a capacitive sensor, a magnetic sensor, an optical fiber sensor, a piezoelectric sensor, a silicon sensor, a temperature sensor, a microelectromechanical (MEMS) force sensor, or combinations thereof.
19. The switch assembly of claim 10 , further comprising a processor in electronic communication with the plurality of force sensors.
20. The switch assembly of claim 19 , wherein the processor executes computer program instructions for:
receiving force information from the plurality of force sensors about a touch force; and
determining from the force information a position of the touch force and a corresponding force magnitude, the position identifying a location of the touch force on the second surface of the touch overlay plate.