Device, system, and method for double-circuit transmission systems
A device is provided that is suitable for use with a double-circuit power transmission system having a first line and a second line. The device comprises an interface to receive a current measurement for the second line. The device comprises at least one processing module operative to estimate a first zero-sequence current in the first line based on a second zero-sequence current, and determine an apparent impedance based on the estimated first zero-sequence current.
1. A device for use with a double-circuit power transmission system having a first line and a second line, wherein the device is a protection device operative to perform a protection function based on the apparent impedance, and wherein the protection function is a distance protection function, the device comprising:
an interface to receive a current measurement for the second line; and
at least one processor operative to
calculate a second zero-sequence current in the second line based on the current measurement,
estimate a first zero-sequence current in the first line based on the second zero-sequence current, wherein the device is operative to multiply the second zero-sequence current by a multiplicative factor to estimate the first zero-sequence current, and wherein the multiplicative factor is dependent on a status of the first line and a transformer configuration of transformers at opposite terminals of both the first line and the second line,
determine an apparent impedance based on the estimated first zero-sequence current, and
trip a relay, circuit breaker, or switch as a function of the apparent impedance.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the device is operative to estimate the first zero-sequence current without using a current measurement for the first line.
3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the device is operative to determine an estimate for a fault location of a fault in the second line.
4. The device of claim 3 , wherein the device is operative to estimate the first zero-sequence current based on the estimate for the fault location.
5. The device of claim 3 wherein the device is operative to determine estimates for the fault location, the first zero-sequence current, and the apparent impedance in an iterative procedure.
6. The device of claim 1 , wherein the interface is operative to receive a zero-sequence voltage at a terminal of the second line and the device is operative to determine the first zero-sequence current based on the zero-sequence voltage.
7. The device of claim 1 , wherein the multiplicative factor is dependent on
whether the first line is (i) in service or (ii) open and grounded and
whether a transformer configuration of transformers at opposite terminals of both the first line and the second line is (i) delta-wye grounded or (ii) wye grounded-wye grounded.
8. The device of claim 1 , wherein the multiplicative factor is
dependent on a transformer impedance of at least one of the transformers and independent of source impedances for the delta-wye grounded transformer configuration, and
dependent on a source impedance of at least one source, electrically connected to an opposite side of one of the transformers from the device for a wye grounded-wye grounded transformer configuration.
9. The device of claim 1 , wherein the device is operative to determine the apparent impedance including a mutual coupling compensation, the mutual coupling compensation being dependent on the estimated first zero-sequence current in the first line.
10. The device of claim 9 , wherein the mutual coupling compensation is performed for determining the apparent impedance for distance protection of the double-circuit power transmission system.
11. The device of claim 9 , wherein determining the apparent impedance including the mutual coupling compensation comprises computing a sum of a short circuit current in a faulted phase of the second line, a product of a first factor and the estimated first zero-sequence current, and a product of a second factor and the second zero-sequence current to determine the apparent impedance.
12. An electric power system, comprising:
double-circuit transmission system comprising:
a first line and
a second line; and
the device of claim 1 operatively coupled to the second line to perform a protection function for the second line.
13. A method, comprising:
estimating, by a device, a first zero-sequence current in a first line of a double-circuit transmission system, the first zero-sequence current being estimated based on multiplying a second zero-sequence current in a faulted second line of the double-circuit transmission system by a multiplicative factor to estimate the first zero-sequence current, wherein the multiplicative factor is dependent on a status of the first line and a transformer configuration of transformers at opposite terminals of both the first line and the second line;
determining, by the device, an apparent impedance based on the estimated first zero-sequence current; and
tripping, by the device, a relay, circuit breaker, or switch as a function of the apparent impedance.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein determining the apparent impedance comprises determining the apparent impedance including a mutual coupling compensation, the mutual coupling compensation being dependent on the estimated first zero-sequence current in the first line.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the mutual coupling compensation is performed for determining the apparent impedance for distance protection of the double-circuit transmission system, and wherein determining the apparent impedance including the mutual coupling compensation comprises computing a sum of a short circuit current in a faulted phase of the second line, a product of a first factor and the estimated first zero-sequence current, and a product of a second factor and the second zero-sequence current to determine the apparent impedance.