Surgery 3D visualization apparatus
An apparatus for obtaining an image of a retina has an optical relay that defines an optical path and is configured to relay an image of the iris along the optical path to a pupil; a shutter disposed at the pupil and configured to define at least a first shutter aperture for control of light transmission through the pupil position; a tube lens disposed to direct light from the shutter aperture to an image sensor; and a prismatic input port disposed between the shutter and the tube lens and configured to combine, onto the optical path, light from the relay with light conveyed along a second light path that is orthogonal to the optical path.
1. An apparatus for obtaining an image of an eye comprising:
(a) an optical relay that defines a first optical path and is configured to relay an image of an iris of the eye along the first optical path to a pupil;
(b) a shutter disposed at the pupil and configured to define at least a first shutter aperture for control of light transmission through the pupil position;
(c) a tube lens disposed to direct light from the shutter aperture to an image sensor; and
(d) a prismatic input port disposed between the shutter and the tube lens and configured to combine the first optical path with a second optical path.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the second optical path at the input port is orthogonal to the first optical path.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the second optical path conveys a light signal outside the visible spectrum that extends from 380-750 nm.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the shutter is configured to define the first shutter aperture for a left-eye image and to define a second shutter aperture for a right-eye image.
5. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein the first and second shutter apertures are disposed horizontally side-by-side.
6. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein spacing between the first and second shutter apertures is variable.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the apparatus is configured for obtaining an image of a retina.
8. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein the shutter is configured to adjust an azimuth angle defined from center to center of the first and second shutter apertures according to a signal from a system processor.
9. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein the first and second shutter apertures are elliptical.
10. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising an afocal optical relay formed by a concave primary mirror and a convex secondary mirror and configured to direct light over a scanner path to and from the eye.
11. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein the afocal optical relay images a scanner onto the pupil of the optical relay.
12. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein the light directed from the afocal optical relay is a sample beam for an optical coherence tomography apparatus.
13. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising an actuator coupled to the image sensor and energizable to adjust an axial position of the image sensor for light-field imaging.
14. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a phase modulator disposed at the image of the iris.
15. An apparatus for obtaining an image of a retina comprising:
(a) an optical relay that defines an optical path and is configured to relay an image of the iris along the optical path to a pupil;
(b) a shutter element disposed at the pupil and configured to form a first aperture and a second aperture for control of light transmission through the pupil position;
(c) a first camera disposed to acquire light conveyed through the first aperture for a left eye of the viewer; and
(d) a second camera disposed to acquire light conveyed through the second aperture for a right eye of the viewer.
16. The apparatus of claim 15 further comprising a prismatic input port disposed between the optical relay and a tube lens and configured to combine, onto the optical path, light from the optical relay with light conveyed along a second light path that is orthogonal to the optical path at the input port.
17. The apparatus of claim 16 wherein the light along the second path comprises a sample signal for an optical coherence tomography apparatus.
18. The apparatus of claim 16 further comprising an afocal optical relay formed by a concave primary mirror and a convex secondary mirror and configured to direct light from a scanner to and from the retina through the prismatic input port.
19. A method for stereoscopic imaging of a patient's retina by a viewer comprising:
(a) relaying an image of the patient's iris to a shutter that is configured to provide a left-eye aperture and a right-eye aperture for the viewer, wherein the left-eye aperture and right-eye aperture convey light from different portions of a field of view that includes the patient's retina;
(b) forming the left- and right-eye apertures in an alternating timing sequence;
(c) capturing image content from light conveyed through the left- and right-eye apertures; and
(d) rendering a stereoscopic image to the viewer according to the captured image content.
20. The method of claim 19 further comprising adjusting for inter-pupil distance of the viewer by shifting the spatial positions of the left- and right-eye apertures relative to the field of view.
21. The method of claim 19 further comprising forming a single aperture for viewing by the viewer.
22. The method of claim 19 further comprising avoiding obstacles to patient vision by shifting the spatial positions of the left- and right-eye apertures relative to the field of view.
23. The method of claim 19 wherein shifting the relative spatial positions alters a horizontal azimuth for viewing the retina.