IP Library Granted Patent US 12,530,681
Granted Patent B1
US 12,530,681 · App. 17/721,042 · Granted Jan 20, 2026

System, method and program product for generating and utilizing stable value digital assets

Inventors: Duncan Carl Cock Foster (New York, NY); Tyler Howard Winklevoss (New York, NY); Cameron Howard Winklevoss (New York, NY); Griffin Cock Foster (New York, NY)
Assignee: Gemini IP, LLC
G06Q20/3829G06Q20/389G06Q30/0609G06Q40/04G06Q20/3674G06Q20/382
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,530,681
App. No.
17/721,042
Filed
Apr 14, 2022
Granted
Jan 20, 2026
Kind
B1
Art Unit
3698
USPC
705/69
Abstract

The present invention generally relates to the use of stable value digital assets and/or fiat-backed digital assets as cryptocurrencies that can be linked to other digital assets using blockchain technology and/or through a peer-to-peer network. In embodiments, the present invention relates to specific applications of non-fungible digital assets tied to a peer-to-peer network, such as a blockchain network.

Claims (69)

1 . A method comprising:

providing, by a non-fungible token platform, a designated key pair comprising a designated public key and a designated private key, wherein the designated public key is associated with a designated public address of an underlying digital asset maintained on a distributed public transaction ledger maintained as a blockchain;

receiving an order to purchase a first amount of a non-fungible token, the order including a retail price of the non-fungible token and user destination information associated with a user, wherein the user destination information comprises a user public address;

obtaining, by the non-fungible token platform, a smart contract address associated with a smart contract, wherein the smart contract is associated with smart contract instructions;

obtaining, by the non-fungible token platform at the designated public address, at least a second amount of the underlying digital asset, wherein the second amount of the underlying digital asset corresponds to a manufacturer's price indicating a cost of creating the first amount of the non-fungible token;

generating, by the non-fungible token platform, an encrypted message from the designated public address to the smart contract address, the encrypted message comprising:

transfer instructions including a transfer of the at least the second amount of the underlying digital asset from the designated public address to the smart contract address;

generation instructions to associate the first amount of the non-fungible token with the designated public address; and

a first digital signature based at least on the designated private key;

publishing, by the non-fungible token platform and to the blockchain, the encrypted message; and

transferring, based at least in part on decrypting the encrypted message and by the non-fungible token platform, the first amount of the non-fungible token from the designated public address to the user public address.

2 . A system comprising:

one or more processors; and

non-transitory computer-readable media storing instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform operations comprising:

providing, by a non-fungible token platform, a designated key pair comprising a designated public key and a designated private key, wherein the designated public key is associated with a designated public address of an underlying digital asset maintained on a distributed public transaction ledger maintained as a blockchain by a plurality of geographically distributed computing systems in a peer-to-peer network;

receiving an order to purchase a first amount of a non-fungible token, the order including a retail price of the non-fungible token and user destination information associated with a user, wherein the user destination information comprises a user public address associated with an individual computing system in the plurality of geographically distributed computing systems;

obtaining, by the non-fungible token platform, a smart contract address associated with a smart contract, wherein the smart contract is associated with smart contract instructions;

obtaining, by the non-fungible token platform at the designated public address, at least a second amount of the underlying digital asset, wherein the second amount of the underlying digital asset corresponds to a manufacturer's price indicating a cost of creating the first amount of the non-fungible token;

generating, by the non-fungible token platform, a message from the designated public address to the smart contract address, the message comprising:

transfer instructions for a transfer of the at least the second amount of the underlying digital asset from the designated public address to the smart contract address;

modification instructions indicating conditions under which the non-fungible token is modified;

generation instructions to associate the first amount of the non-fungible token with the designated public address; and

a digital signature based at least on the designated private key;

publishing, by the non-fungible token platform and to the blockchain, the message to cause execution of the smart contract instructions by the plurality of geographically distributed computing systems; and

transferring, by the non-fungible token platform and from the designated public address to the user public address, the first amount of the non-fungible token.

3 . The system of claim 2 , the operations further comprising:

generating a first graphical user interface comprising a prompt requesting payment information from the user;

sending, to a user device associated with the user, data representing the graphical user interface, the data configured to be executed by the user device to cause display of the graphical user interface;

receiving, from the user device, user payment information associated with the user, wherein a payment is received by the non-fungible token platform using the user payment information.

4 . The system of claim 2 , the operations further comprising:

providing a user payment database associated with the non-fungible token platform, wherein the user payment database includes user payment information associated with the user;

accessing, by the non-fungible token platform, the user payment database; and

retrieving, by the non-fungible token platform and from the user payment database, the user payment information, wherein a payment is received by the non-fungible token platform using the user payment information.

5 . The system of claim 2 , the operations further comprising:

generating a transaction request indicating:

a third amount of the underlying digital asset to be transferred from a first public address associated with the non-fungible token platform to a second public address associated with the underlying digital asset; and

the second amount of the underlying digital asset to be transferred from the second public address to the first public address;

publishing the transaction request to a geographically distributed computer system, wherein the transaction request is configured to be executed by the geographically distributed computer system; and

receiving, at the first public address associated with the non-fungible token platform, the second amount of the underlying digital asset.

6 . The system of claim 2 , the operations further comprising:

generating a transaction request indicating:

a third amount of underlying digital asset to be transferred from a public address associated with the non-fungible token platform to the designated public address;

publishing the transaction request to a geographically distributed computer system, wherein the transaction request is configured to be executed by the geographically distributed computer system; and

receiving, at the designated public address, the second amount of the underlying digital asset.

7 . The system of claim 2 , the operations further comprising:

generating a transaction request indicating:

a third amount of the underlying digital asset to be transferred from the designated public address to a public address associated with the underlying digital asset; and

the second amount of the underlying digital asset to be transferred from the public address to the designated public address;

publishing the transaction request to a geographically distributed computer system, wherein the transaction request is configured to be executed by the geographically distributed computer system; and

receiving, at the designated public address, the second amount of the underlying digital asset.

8 . The system of claim 2 , the operations further comprising:

generating a transaction request to generate a public address; and

publishing the transaction request to a geographically distributed computer system, wherein the transaction request is configured to be executed by the geographically distributed computer system to cause the user public address to be returned to the designated public address.

9 . A method comprising:

providing, by a non-fungible token platform, a designated key pair comprising a designated public key and a designated private key, wherein the designated public key is associated with a designated public address of an underlying digital asset maintained on a distributed public transaction ledger maintained as a blockchain;

receiving an order to purchase a first amount of a non-fungible token, the order comprising a retail price of the non-fungible token and user destination information associated with a user, wherein the user destination information comprises a user public address;

authenticating, by the non-fungible token platform, the user based at least in part on:

receiving a user loin request comprising user loin credential information associated with the user;

obtaining verified credential information associated with the user; and

verifying that the user loin credential information is associated with a registered user account based at least in part on the user loin credential information and the verified credential information;

obtaining, by the non-fungible token platform, a smart contract address associated with a smart contract, wherein the smart contract is associated with smart contract instructions;

obtaining, by the non-fungible token platform at the designated public address, at least a second amount of the underlying digital asset, wherein the second amount of the underlying digital asset corresponds to a manufacturer's price indicating a cost of creating the first amount of the non-fungible token;

generating, by the non-fungible token platform, a message from the designated public address to the smart contract address, the message comprising:

transfer instructions including a transfer of the at least the second amount of the underlying digital asset from the designated public address to the smart contract address;

generation instructions to generate the first amount of the non-fungible token to the designated public address; and

a digital signature based at least in part on the designated private key;

publishing, by the non-fungible token platform and to the blockchain, the message to cause execution of the smart contract instructions;

transferring, by the non-fungible token platform and based at least in part on verifying the digital signature, the first amount of the non-fungible token from the designated public address to the user public address to adjust a digital asset balance of the user by the first amount; and

confirming, by the non-fungible token platform, that the digital asset balance of the user has been adjusted by the first amount based on reference to the blockchain.

Assignments (2)
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Aug 15, 2022
From: FOSTER, DUNCAN CARL COCK; FOSTER, GRIFFIN COCK; WINKLEVOSS, CAMERON HOWARD; WINKLEVOSS, TYLER HOWARD
To: WINKLEVOSS IP, LLC
Reel/Frame 060810/0771 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Aug 15, 2022
From: WINKLEVOSS IP, LLC
To: GEMINI IP, LLC
Reel/Frame 060810/0861 →
Continuity (31)
Continuation 16687230 · Nov 18, 2019
Continuation In Part 16437841 · Jun 11, 2019
Continuation In Part 16421975 · May 24, 2019
Continuation In Part 16293531 · Mar 5, 2019
Continuation In Part 16282955 · Feb 22, 2019
Continuation In Part 16280788 · Feb 20, 2019
Continuation In Part 16036469 · Jul 16, 2018
Continuation In Part 16020534 · Jun 27, 2018
Continuation In Part 16020534 · Jun 27, 2018
Continuation In Part 15973140 · May 7, 2018
Continuation In Part 15973175 · May 7, 2018
Continuation In Part 15960040 · Apr 23, 2018
Continuation In Part 15960040 · Apr 23, 2018
Continuation In Part 15960040 · Apr 23, 2018
Continuation In Part 15920042 · Mar 13, 2018
Provisional Application 62732347 · Sep 17, 2018
Provisional Application 62728441 · Sep 7, 2018
Provisional Application 62721983 · Aug 23, 2018
Provisional Application 62764977 · Aug 17, 2018
Provisional Application 62764978 · Aug 17, 2018
Provisional Application 62702265 · Jul 23, 2018
Provisional Application 62689563 · Jun 25, 2018
Provisional Application 62684023 · Jun 12, 2018
Provisional Application 62683412 · Jun 11, 2018
Provisional Application 62680775 · Jun 5, 2018
Provisional Application 62660655 · Apr 20, 2018
Provisional Application 62647353 · Mar 23, 2018
Provisional Application 62642931 · Mar 14, 2018
Provisional Application 62642946 · Mar 14, 2018
Provisional Application 62638679 · Mar 5, 2018
Provisional Application 62629417 · Feb 12, 2018
References Cited (400)
US 4790431A · Reel et al. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 5675649A · Brennan et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5799287A · Dembo · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5950176A · Keiser et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6021257A · Chikauchi · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6157920A · Jakobsson et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6505174B1 · Keiser et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6523012B1 · Glassman et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6583712B1 · Reed et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 7136834B1 · Merrin et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7167565B2 · Rajasekaran · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7308428B1 · Federspiel et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7330538B2 · Dunsmuir · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7356500B1 · Waelbroeck et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7391865B2 · Orsini et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7428506B2 · Waelbroeck et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7487123B1 · Keiser et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7565313B2 · Waelbroeck et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7647264B2 · Hatheway et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7677974B2 · Van Luchene · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7680715B2 · Waelbroeck et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7685052B2 · Waelbroeck et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7693775B2 · Korhammer et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7716484B1 · Kaliski, Jr. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7747515B1 · Merrin et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7769678B2 · Toffey · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7778919B2 · Waelbroeck et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7814000B2 · Waelbroeck et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7831507B2 · Merrin et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7848991B1 · Buck · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7848993B1 · Buck · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7865425B2 · Waelbroeck et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7870058B2 · Maltzman · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7870059B2 · Shapiro et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7870062B2 · Waelbroeck et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7873573B2 · Realini · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7877318B2 · Waelbroeck et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7882013B2 · Shapiro et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7882014B2 · Shapiro et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7882015B2 · Waelbroeck et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7890417B2 · Hanson et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7895112B2 · Richmann et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7899726B2 · Harris · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7904376B2 · Shapiro et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7908203B2 · Shapiro et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7908205B2 · Waelbroeck et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7908206B2 · Waelbroeck et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7917425B2 · Waelbroeck et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7933827B2 · Richmann et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7996261B1 · Waelbroeck et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7999748B2 · Ligtenberg et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8005743B2 · Tupper et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8010438B2 · Waelbroeck et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8015099B2 · Reid · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8019665B2 · Hausman · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8041628B2 · Waelbroeck et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8046290B2 · Fitzpatrick et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8055576B2 · Merrin et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8065217B2 · Beddis · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8069106B2 · Waelbroeck et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8073763B1 · Merrin et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8082205B2 · Lutnick et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8095455B2 · Shapiro et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8095456B2 · Waelbroeck et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8103579B1 · Berkeley, III et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8108278B2 · Tzekin et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8108283B2 · Dimitri et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8108299B1 · Waelbroeck et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8117105B2 · Ford et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8117609B2 · Lantz et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8139770B2 · Zheng et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8156036B1 · Waelbroeck et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8165954B2 · Waelbroeck et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8224702B2 · Mengerink et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8229855B2 · Huang et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8229859B2 · Samid · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8239330B2 · Montero et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8244622B2 · Hughes, Jr. et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8249965B2 · Tumminaro · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8255297B2 · Morgenstern et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8266045B2 · Waelbroeck et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8271375B2 · Mahoney et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8275692B2 · Cartledge et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8280797B2 · Hatheway et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8285629B2 · Lutnick et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8301542B2 · Adcock et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8306910B2 · Wilkes · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8311920B2 · Lutnick et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8321323B2 · Lutnick et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8326751B2 · Driemeyer et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8346651B2 · Freitas et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8352326B2 · Betzler et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8359253B2 · Waelbroeck et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8359260B2 · Merrin et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8380612B2 · Hanson et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8386362B2 · Failla et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8386373B2 · Fitzpatrick et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8452703B2 · O'Leary et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8494949B2 · Gilbert et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8515857B2 · Lutnick et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8521627B2 · Ford et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8548898B2 · Merrin et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8560431B2 · Lutnick et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8566213B2 · Sweeting et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8577772B2 · Heckman et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8583544B2 · Ford et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8606685B2 · Keiser et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8620759B1 · Virgilio et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8630951B2 · Wilkes · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8635144B2 · Waelbroeck et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8688525B2 · Minde · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8688563B2 · Mehew et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8712903B2 · Lutnick et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8712914B2 · Lyons et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8719131B1 · Roth et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8732065B1 · Hayes, Jr. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8744952B2 · Mortimer et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8744954B2 · Buck · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8751362B1 · Lutnick et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8768819B2 · Lutnick et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8775298B2 · Waelbroeck et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8886561B2 · Gilbert et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8959031B2 · Merrin et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 8977565B2 · Alderucci et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9064256B2 · Foley et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9704143B2 · Walker et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9727909B2 · Mackay · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9794074B2 · Toll et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9811869B2 · Wilson et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9853977B1 · Laucius et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9892460B1 · Winklevoss et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 9898782B1 · Winklevoss et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 9942231B1 · Laucius et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 9965804B1 · Winklevoss et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 9965805B1 · Winklevoss et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10002389B1 · Winklevoss et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10026082B2 · Davis · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10063548B1 · Laucius et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10068228B1 · Winklevoss et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10084762B2 · Versteeg et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10146792B1 · Dobrek et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10158480B1 · Winklevoss et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10255635B1 · Winklevoss et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10269009B1 · Winklevoss et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10269084B2 · Wilson et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10325257B1 · Winklevoss et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10354325B1 · Skala et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10373129B1 · James et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10438290B1 · Winklevoss et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10484376B1 · Laucius et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10540639B2 · Brock et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10540640B1 · James et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10540653B1 · James et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10540654B1 · James et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10650376B1 · Winklevoss et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10693632B1 · Winklevoss et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10778682B1 · Laucius et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10915891B1 · Winklevoss et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 10929842B1 · Arvanaghi et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 10929929B1 · Winklevoss et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 10984470B1 · Winklevoss et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 10984472B1 · Winklevoss et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 11017381B1 · Winklevoss et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 11017391B1 · Winklevoss et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 11720887B1 · Arvanaghi et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20020143614A1 · MacLean et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020171546A1 · Evans et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20030009413A1 · Furbush et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030014749A1 · Simons et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030225672A1 · Hughes, Jr. et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20040049464A1 · Ohmori et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040143710A1 · Walmsley · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040193657A1 · Saito et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040243488A1 · Yamamoto et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20050044022A1 · Spirgel et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050240510A1 · Schweickert et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20070117615A1 · Van Luchene · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070146797A1 · Sakai et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070219869A1 · Haines et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070271455A1 · Nakano et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20080109280A1 · Csoka · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080120221A1 · Toneguzzo · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080140578A1 · Felt et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080167965A1 · Von Nothaus et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080215474A1 · Graham · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080243703A1 · Al-Herz et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080249957A1 · Masuyama et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080281444A1 · Krieger et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20090089168A1 · Schneck · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090094134A1 · Toomer et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090098939A1 · Hamilton, II et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090119200A1 · Riviere · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090132830A1 · Haga et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090265268A1 · Huang et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20100094771A1 · VanderPal · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100174646A1 · Cole et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100228674A1 · Ogg et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100250360A1 · Ball et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100306084A1 · Ciptawilangga · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20110110516A1 · Satoh · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110112662A1 · Thompson et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110231913A1 · Feng et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110270748A1 · Graham, III et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110302412A1 · Deng et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20120078693A1 · Wilkes · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120101886A1 · Subramanian et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120123924A1 · Rose et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120185395A1 · Wilkes · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120239543A1 · Ryan · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120278200A1 · van Coppenolle et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20130036373A1 · Alderfer et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130041773A1 · Muse · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130054471A1 · Samid · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130061049A1 · Irvine · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130159699A1 · Torkkel · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130166455A1 · Feigelson · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130191277A1 · O'Leary et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130232023A2 · Muse · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130238478A1 · Bruno · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130246233A1 · Hakim · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130254052A1 · Royyuru et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130311266A1 · Vichich et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130311348A1 · Samid · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130317972A1 · Morgenstern et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130317984A1 · O'Leary et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130325701A1 · Schwartz · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20140025473A1 · Cohen · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140032267A1 · Smith et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140040157A1 · Cohen et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140081710A1 · Rabie · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140122903A1 · Endo et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140141869A1 · Shore · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140156497A1 · Mehew et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140164251A1 · Loh · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140233740A1 · Niamut et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140310527A1 · Veugen et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140344015A1 · Puertolas-Montanes et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140359291A1 · Wilson et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20150033301A1 · Pianese et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150120567A1 · Van Rooyen et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150120569A1 · Belshe et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150170112A1 · DeCastro · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150193744A1 · Adleman · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150227897A1 · Loera · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150244690A1 · Mossbarger · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150262137A1 · Armstrong · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150262138A1 · Hudon · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150262139A1 · Shtylman · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150262140A1 · Armstrong · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150262141A1 · Rebernik et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150262168A1 · Armstrong · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150262171A1 · Langschaedel et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150262172A1 · Rebernik · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150262173A1 · Durbin et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150262176A1 · Langschaedel et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150310424A1 · Myers · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150324787A1 · Schaffner · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150332283A1 · Witchey · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150341422A1 · Farnlof et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150348169A1 · Harris et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150356523A1 · Madden · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150356555A1 · Pennanen · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150363777A1 · Ronca et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150363783A1 · Ronca et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150379510A1 · Smith · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20160027229A1 · Spanos et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160028552A1 · Spanos et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160078219A1 · Hernan · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160080156A1 · Kaliski, Jr. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160086187A1 · Joao · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160092988A1 · Letourneau · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160112200A1 · Kheterpal et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160125040A1 · Kheterpal et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160162873A1 · Zhou et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160203448A1 · Metnick et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20170005804A1 · Zinder · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170017955A1 · Stern et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170091750A1 · Maim · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170124535A1 · Juels et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170132630A1 · Castinado et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170154331A1 · Voorhees · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170236196A1 · Isaacson et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170293898A1 · Rampton · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170345011A1 · Salami et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20180025455A1 · Wilson et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180068359A1 · Preston et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180089758A1 · Stradling et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180089759A1 · Stradling et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180089760A1 · Stradling et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180089761A1 · Stradling et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180091316A1 · Stradling et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180101906A1 · Mcdonald et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180204192A1 · Whaley et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180225660A1 · Chapman et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180367298A1 · Wright et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20190043048A1 · Wright et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190050541A1 · Wright et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190050832A1 · Wright et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190052454A1 · Wright et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190052458A1 · Wright et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190057211A1 · Wright et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190057362A1 · Wright et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190057382A1 · Wright et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190058592A1 · Wright et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190058600A1 · Wright et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190058733A1 · Wright · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190066065A1 · Wright et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190066228A1 · Wright · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190068365A1 · Wright et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190073646A1 · Wright et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190095880A1 · Glover et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190095909A1 · Wright et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190102758A1 · Wright et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190116024A1 · Wright et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190130391A1 · Wright et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190130399A1 · Wright et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190220831A1 · Rangarajan · 2019 [cited by examiner]
US 20190220836A1 · Caldwell · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190236564A1 · Cantrell et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20200005284A1 · Vijayan · 2020 [cited by examiner]
US 20200143367A1 · LeBeau et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200167769A1 · Green · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200219094A1 · Dikhit · 2020 [cited by examiner]
US 20200273031A1 · Narayan · 2020 [cited by examiner]
US 20200327609A1 · Dubrofsky · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200364703A1 · Joveski · 2020 [cited by examiner]
US 20200380476A1 · Trudeau et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20210097508A1 · Papanikolas · 2021 [cited by examiner]
US 20210133700A1 · Williams · 2021 [cited by examiner]
US 20210357489A1 · Tali et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210357893A1 · Kang · 2021 [cited by examiner]
CA 2627540 · 2009 [cited by applicant]
CN 103927656 · 2014 [cited by applicant]
EP 2634738 · 2013 [cited by applicant]
WO WO0026745 · 2000 [cited by applicant]
WO WO0167409 · 2001 [cited by applicant]
WO WO0186373 · 2001 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2011008630 · 2011 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2013034278 · 2013 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2015059669 · 2015 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2015085393 · 2015 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2015113519 · 2015 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2015179020 · 2015 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2016015041 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2016022864 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2016029119 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2016088659 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2019006446 · 2019 [cited by applicant]
Feruz K. Elmay et. al., “Using NFTs and Blockchain for Traceability and Auctioning of Shipping Containers and Cargo in Maritime Industry”, Oct. 27, 2022 (Year: 2022). [cited by examiner]
[ANN] M-0f-N “Fragmented Backups” now in Armory {command-line only), Bitcoin Forum {Mar. 6, 2013), https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=149820.0 {last visited Dec. 4, 2013). [cited by applicant]
2-of-3 Paper Wallets, Bitcoin Forum {published Jan. 29, 2013), https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=139625.msg1487254 {last visited Dec. 4, 2013). [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 60/884,172, filed Jan. 9, 2007. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 61/225,256, filed Jul. 14, 2009. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 61/954,434, filed Mar. 17, 2014. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 61/990,017, filed May 7, 2014. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 62/042,676, filed Aug. 27, 2014. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 62/056,100, filed Sep. 26, 2014. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 62/086,669, filed Dec. 2, 2014. [cited by applicant]
U.S. Appl. No. 62/099,992, filed Jan. 15, 2015. [cited by applicant]
A block chain based decentralized exchange, Harsh Patel. [cited by applicant]
A Physical Price Tag For A Digital Currency. Introducing Bittag., BitTag, http://bittag.net/ {last visited Feb. 5, 2014). [cited by applicant]
A powerful trading platform for Bitcoin traders, BTXTrader.com {Aug. 13, 2013) Internet Archive, https://web.archive.Jrg/web/20130813052513/http://www.btxtrader.com/. [cited by applicant]
About Bitcoin, Bitcoin.org {May 2, 2013) Internet Archive, http://web.archive.org/web/20130502214154/http://bitcoin.Jrg/en/about. [cited by applicant]
Rachel Abrams, Winklevoss Twins to List Bitcoin Fund on Nasdaq, The New York Times DealB%k, http://dealbooknytimes.com/2014/05/08/winklevoss-twins-to-list-bitcoin-fund--0n-nasdaq/ (last visited May 8, 2014). [cited by applicant]
Joe Adler, Bitcoin Backers Seek FDIC-Style Insurance, American Banker {Jan. 22, 2014), http://www.americanbanker.com/issues/179 15/bitcoin-backers-seek-fdic-style-insurance-1065089-1 .html?zkPrintable=true. [cited by applicant]
All About Bitcoin, Goldman Sachs, Global Macro Research, Top of Mind, Issue 21 (Mar. 11, 2014). [cited by applicant]
Jeremy Allaire, What We Have Been Up to at Circle, The Circle Blog {May 19, 2014) Internet Archive, https://web.˜rchive.org/web/20140519162958/https://www.circle.com/2014/05/15/circle-update/. [cited by applicant]
“AlphaPoint Announces Blockchain Solution Custom-Built for Financial Institutions,” AlphaPoint,https://globenewswire.com/news-release/2015/10/26/779929/0/en/AlphaPoint-Announces-Blockchain-Solution-Custom-Built-for-Fina… [cited by applicant]
An Open Source P2P Digital Currency, Bitcoin.org, http://bitcoin.org/en/ {last visited Jul. 22, 2013). [cited by applicant]
David Andolfatto, Bitcoin and Beyond: The Possibilities and Pitfalls of Virtual Currencies, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, Dialogue With the Fed, Beyond Today's Financial Headlines (Mar. 31, 2014)_. [cited by applicant]
Anton Badev and Matthew Chen, Bitcoin: Technical Background and Data Analysis, Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Divisions of Research & Statistics and Monetary Affairs, Federal Reserve Board, Washington, D.C. Oc… [cited by applicant]
Ashlee Vance & Brad Stone, The Bitcoin-Mining Arms Race Heats Up, BloombergBusinessweek, http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2014-01-09/bitcoin-mining-chips-gear-computing-groups-competition-heats-up {last visited Jan.… [cited by applicant]
ATMIA ATM Industry Association Position Paper, www.atmia.com, Internet. [cited by applicant]
James Ball, Meet the seven people who hold the keys to worldwide internet security, The Guardian, http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/feb/28/seven-people-keys-worldwide-intemet-security-web {last visited Mar. 7, … [cited by applicant]
BANKEX Proof--0f-Asset Protocol—The Smart White Paper, version 0.3.1 beta (Oct. 19, 2017) 36 pgs. [cited by applicant]
John Biggs, Xapo Raises $20 Million To Bury Your Bitcoin Underground, TechCrunch {Mar. 14, 2014) Internet Archive, https://web.archive.org/web/20140314042301 /http://techcrunch .com/2014/03/13/xapo-raises-20-million-to-… [cited by applicant]
Bitcoin Fund Exclusively Available On EXANTE's Platform, EXANTE, https://exante.eu/press/news/266/ {last visited Oct. 10, 2013). [cited by applicant]
Bitcoin Moves Closer to Regulation, Stratfor Flobal Intelligence {Jan. 29, 2015), https://www.stratfor.com/sample/Analysis/bitcoin-moves-closer-regulation#axzz/ {last visited Jan. 30, 2015). [cited by applicant]
Bitcoin Theft Insurance, Ecoin Club {published Dec. 3, 2013), http://ecoinclub.com/bitcoin-insurance/ {last visited Dec. 5, 2013). [cited by applicant]
Bitcoin's First Kiosk, Robocoin {Jul. 2, 2013) Internet Archive, https://web.archive.org/web/20130702171110/https://obocoinkiosk.com/. [cited by applicant]
Bitcoin's First Real ATM, Robocoin Blog, http://blog.robocoinkiosk.com/ {last visited Nov. 11, 2013). [cited by applicant]
Bitcoin, A Primer for Policymakers(2013). [cited by applicant]
Bitcoin, Wikipedia {Jun. 24, 2013), Internet Archive http://web.archive.org/web/20130624030646/http://en.wikipedia.Jrg/wiki/Bitcoin. [cited by applicant]
Bitcoin: a first assessment, FX and Rates | Global, Bank of America Merrill Lynch (Dec. 5, 2013). [cited by applicant]
Bitcoin: Intrinsic Value as Conduit for Disruptive Payment Network Technology, Wedbush, Computer Services: Frinancial Technology (Dec. 1, 2014). [cited by applicant]
Bitcoin: Questions, Answers, and Analysis of Legal Issues, Congressional Research Service (Dec. 20, 2013). [cited by applicant]
Bitcoin: Watch the Innovation, Not the Price, Wedbush, Computer Services: Financial Technology (Feb. 14, 2014). [cited by applicant]
Bitcoinaverage code repository, GitHub, https://github.com/bitcoinaverage/bitcoinaverage/commits/master?page=134 last visited Feb. 24, 2014). [cited by applicant]
BitcoinAverage.com—independent bitcoin price, Bitcoin Forum, https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=270190.0 {last isited Feb. 24, 2014). [cited by applicant]
BitcoinAverage.com, Reddit, http://www.reddit.com/r/Bitcoin/comments/1jl9c2/ {last visited Feb. 24, 2014). [cited by applicant]
Bitcoins and Banks: Problematic currency, interesting payment system, UBS, Global Research (Mar. 28, 2014)_. [cited by applicant]
Bitcoins the hard way: Using the raw Bitcoin protocol, Ken Shirriff's blog, (Feb_ 3, 2014) Internet Archive, ttps://web_˜rchive.org/web/20140203192446/http:/fwww_righto.com/2014/02/bitcoins-hard-way-using-raw-bitcoin.ht… [cited by applicant]
Bitflash Weekly Review (Apr. 14, 2014), Pantera, https://panteracapital.com/bitnash/ {last visited Apr. 15, 2014). [cited by applicant]
“Blockchain Technologies Corp Makes History, 2016 lowa Caucus Results Forever Documented on Blockchain”, https://globenewswire.com/news-release/2016/02/06/808320/10159855/en/Blockchain-Technologies-Corp-Makes-History-20… [cited by applicant]
BLOCKTRAIL | Bitcoin Block Explorer, Blocktrail {Aug. 18, 2014), https://www.blocktrail.com/. [cited by applicant]
BTC, Google Finance, https://www.google.com/finance?q=CURRENCY%3ABTC&ei=T-euU7jVFZOUwQPNKIHYCQ (last visited Jul. 11, 2014 )_. [cited by applicant]
Burnable Token, OpenZeppelin.org {accessed Jun. 18, 2018) https://openzeppelin.org/api/docs/okenERC20BurnableToken.html, 2 pages. [cited by applicant]
Buying and Selling Linden Dollars, Second Life, http://community.secondlife.com/t5/English-Knowledge-Base/Buying-and-selling-Linden-dollars/ta-p/700107 {last visited Dec. 9, 2013). [cited by applicant]
Mike Calvanese, Flexible Upgradability for Smart Contracts—Level K-Medium {Mar. 10) 15 pgs., https://rnedium.com/level-k/ftexible-upgradability-for-smart-contracts-9778d80d 1638. [cited by applicant]
Daniel Cawrey, Eschewing Price, Pantera Launches BitIndex to Track Bitcoin, CoinDesk (Jul. 10, 2014), http://www.coindesk.com/eschewing-price-pantera-launches-bitindex-track-bitcoin/ (last visited Jul. 11, 2014)_. [cited by applicant]
Cited By (2)
US 12,659,157 US 12,693,849