End-to-end cell therapy automation
The present disclosure provides an automated method of producing genetically modified immune cells, including chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T) cells, utilizing a fully-enclosed cell engineering system.
1. A method for automated production of a genetically modified T cell culture, the method comprising:
(a) activating a T cell culture with an activation reagent selected from an antibody and a dendritic cell to produce an activated T cell culture in a first chamber of a fully enclosed cell engineering system;
(b) transducing within the first chamber the activated T cell culture with a viral vector encoding an ectodomain, a transmembrane domain, and an endodomain, to introduce the viral vector into the activated T cell culture and produce a transduced T cell culture;
(c) expanding within the first chamber of the cell engineering system, the transduced T cell culture;
(d) concentrating the expanded T cell culture of (c); and
(e) harvesting the concentrated T cell culture of (d) to produce a genetically modified T cell culture,
wherein (a) through (e) are performed within the fully enclosed cell engineering system,
wherein the fully enclosed cell engineering system is pre-filled with the cell culture, a culture media, the activation reagent, and/or the viral vector, prior to starting the method, and
wherein expansion of the transduced T cell culture in (c) produces at least 20% more genetically modified T cells than expansion utilizing manual cell culture with a flexible, gas permeable bag and transduction efficiency of the method is at least 20% higher than transduction efficiency utilizing manual cell culture with the flexible, gas permeable bag.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cell engineering system is configured to store the culture media, the activation reagent, and/or the viral vector in a low-temperature chamber.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the method further includes warming the media before introducing the warmed media to the cell culture.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first chamber is a chamber for growing cells, and wherein the cell engineering system further includes additional chambers for storing the cell culture, the culture media, the activation reagent, and/or the viral vector.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cell engineering system includes multiple reagent bags to enable all reagents required for the process to be pre-loaded and stored.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method process is a self-adjusting process and includes:
(a) monitoring with one or more of a temperature sensor, a pH sensor, a glucose sensor, an oxygen sensor, a carbon dioxide sensor, and an optical density sensor; and
(b) adjusting one or more of a temperature, a pH level, a glucose level, an oxygen level, a carbon dioxide level, and an optical density of the transduced T cell culture, based on the monitoring.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method produces at least about 100 million viable genetically modified T cells.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein T cell culture is a chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T) cell culture.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the vector encodes a chimeric antigen receptor.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the expanding comprises feeding, washing, monitoring, and selecting of the transduced T cell culture.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cell engineering system is capable of performing several rounds of feeding, washing, monitoring, and selecting of the transduced T cell culture.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the concentrating comprises centrifugation, supernatant removal following sedimentation, or filtration.
13. The method of claim 1 , further comprising removing the activation reagent from the activated T cell culture after step (a).
14. The method of claim 1 , further comprising removing the viral vector following the transducing in (b).
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cell culture comprises at least one accessory cell.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the accessory cell is a monocyte, an antigen-presenting cell or a dendritic cell.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the accessory cell comprises antigens for a T cell receptor, selected from CD28, CD40, CD2, CD40L, ICOS and combinations thereof.