Transition metal dimer complex as a catalyst
A compound of formula (I) wherein M is Pd(II) or Ni(II); X is a halide; R 1 and R 2 are independently organic groups having 1-20 carbon atoms, or R 1 and R 2 are linked to form a ring structure with the phosphorus atom; R 3 is an organic group having 1-20 carbon atoms; provided that R 1 , R 2 , R 3 are not each phenyl.
1. A compound of formula (I)
wherein M is Pd(II) or Ni(II);
X is a halide;
R 1 and R 2 are independently organic groups having 1-20 carbon atoms, or R 1 and R 2 are linked to form a ring structure with the phosphorus atom;
R 3 is an organic group having 1-20 carbon atoms;
provided that R 1 , R 2 , R 3 are not each phenyl.
2. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein M is Pd.
3. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein X is Cl, Br or I.
4. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein X is Cl or Br.
5. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, and heteroaryl wherein the heteroatoms are independently selected from sulphur, nitrogen and oxygen.
6. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cycloalkyl and aryl.
7. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein R 3 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl and metallocenyl.
8. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein PR 1 R 2 R 3 is selected from the group:
Ad=adamantyl
Cy=cyclohexyl
Bn=benzyl
Ar=2,6 dimethoxyphenyl
Mes=2,4,6-trimethylphenyl.
9. A process for the preparation of a compound of formula (IA)
[M 2 Cl 6 ][HPR 1 R 2 R 3 ] 2 (IA)
wherein M is Pd(II) or Ni(II);
R 1 and R 2 are independently organic groups having 1-20 carbon atoms, or R 1 and R 2 are linked to form a ring structure with the phosphorus atom;
and R 3 is an organic group having 1-20 carbon atoms
provided that R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are not each phenyl,
said process comprising the step of reacting a compound of formula H 2 PdCl 4 with ligand PR 1 R 2 R 3 or a salt thereof.
10. A process for the preparation of a compound of formula (IB)
[M 2 X′ 6 ][HPR 1 R 2 R 3 ] 2 (IB)
wherein M is Pd(II) or Ni(II);
R 1 and R 2 are independently organic groups having 1-20 carbon atoms, or R 1 and R 2 are linked to form a ring structure with the phosphorus atom;
R 3 is an organic group having 1-20 carbon atoms provided that R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are not each phenyl;
and X′ is bromide, iodide or fluoride, said process comprising the step of reacting a compound of formula H 2 PdCl 4 with ligand PR 1 R 2 R 3 or a salt thereof and a compound ZX′ wherein Z is hydrogen or a monovalent metal ion.
11. A process for carrying out a carbon-carbon coupling reaction comprising a step of contacting a compound according to claim 1 as a catalyst to a mixture of reactants.
12. A process for carrying out a carbon-heteroatom coupling reaction comprising a step of contacting a compound according to claim 1 as a catalyst to a mixture of reactants.