Process for treating a porous dental zirconia block with coloring solutions
Process for treating a porous dental zirconia block with a coloring solution, the process comprising the steps of providing a porous dental zirconia block having two opposing surfaces, surface U and surface L, treating the upper surface U of the porous dental zirconia block with a coloring solution A 1 , wherein the coloring solution is provided with a volume VA 1 , turning the porous dental zirconia block around, treating the lower surface L with a coloring solution A 2 which is provided with a volume VA 2 . wherein the coloring solutions A 1 and A 2 comprise a solvent and coloring ions, wherein the volume of at least one of the coloring solutions A 1 or A 2 is applied in portions, wherein the following condition is met: Vo=ΣV AX , with x≥2, with Vo being the overall amount of coloring solution used to infiltrate the porous dental zirconia block.
1. A process for treating a porous dental zirconia mill block with a coloring solution, the process comprising the steps of:
providing a porous dental zirconia mill block having two opposing surfaces, surface U and surface L,
treating the surface U of the porous dental zirconia mill block with a coloring solution A 1 , wherein the surface U corresponds to an upper surface of the porous dental zirconia mill block when the surface U is being treated with the coloring solution A 1 , and wherein the coloring solution A 1 is provided with a volume V A1 ,
turning the porous dental zirconia mill block around about an axis parallel to at least one of the two opposing surfaces to reduce a migration distance for the coloring solution A 1 through the porous dental zirconia mill block compared to a distance between surface U and surface L, and
treating the surface L of the porous dental zirconia mill block with a coloring solution A 2 , wherein upon turning the porous dental zirconia mill block the surface L corresponds to the upper surface of the porous dental zirconia mill block when the surface U is being treated with the coloring solution A 2 , and wherein the coloring solution A 2 is provided with a volume V A2 ,
wherein the volume of at least one of the coloring solutions A 1 or A 2 is applied in discrete portions incrementally to ensure uniform spread and absorption,
wherein the following condition is met: V 0 =ΣV Ax with x≥2,
with V 0 being an overall amount of coloring solutions used to infiltrate the porous dental zirconia mill block.
2. The process according to claim 1 , further comprising immobilizing coloring ions inside the porous dental zirconia mill block by applying a heat treatment of at least 500° C.
3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the porous dental zirconia mill block has a pore volume V B , V B being larger or the same as the overall amount of coloring solution V 0 used for infiltrating the porous dental zirconia mill block.
4. The process according to claim 1 , a coloring solution A 3 being applied to surface U of the porous dental zirconia mill block before the porous dental zirconia mill block is turned around, coloring solution A 3 being different from coloring solution A 1 or A 2 ,
wherein the volume of at least one of the coloring solutions A 1 , A 2 or A 3 is applied in portions,
wherein the following condition is met: V 0 =ΣV Ax with x≥2,
with V 0 being the overall amount of coloring solutions used to infiltrate the porous dental zirconia mill block.
5. The process according to claim 1 , the porous dental zirconia mill block having a geometrically defined shape, wherein the geometrically defined shape includes a disc or cylinder.
6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the porous dental zirconia mill block, before the treating steps, comprises the respective components in the given amounts:
a. ZrO 2 content: 91 to 98 mol %,
b. HfO 2 content: 0 to 2 mol %,
c. Y 2 O 3 content: 2 to 6 mol %,
d. Al 2 O 3 content: 0 to 1 mol %.
7. The process according to claim 1 , the porous dental zirconia mill block before treatment being characterized by the following features alone or in combination:
BET surface: 5 to 20 m 2 /g;
density: 2.5 to 4 g/cm 3 ;
average connected pore diameter: 20 to 150 nm;
pore volume: 0.12 to 0.18 ml/g;
flexural strength: 15 to 55 MPa determined according to ISO 6872:2015 adapted to measurement in porous state using the following measurement set up: 3.6 mm punch diameter, 0.1 mm/min load speed, 17 mm sample diameter, 2 mm sample thickness, support ball diameter 6 mm; or
Vickers hardness: 15 to 150 (HV 0.5).
8. The process according to claim 1 , at least one of the coloring solutions comprising at least two of Er, Fe, Tb, Pr, Co, Mn and Cr ions, but not comprising Ni, Mo, V ions in an amount above 0.01 wt. % with respect to the weight of the coloring solution.
9. The process according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the coloring solutions further comprises a fluorescing component in an amount of 0.01 to 1 wt. % with respect to the amount of the respective coloring solution.
10. The process according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the coloring solutions comprises a thickening agent, the thickening agent being characterized by the following features alone or in combination:
being soluble in a solvent; or
having a molecular weight (Mw) of 200 to 100,000 g/mol.
11. The process according to claim 1 , the process comprising the steps of:
providing a porous dental zirconia mill block having two opposing surfaces, surface U and surface L, and
providing at least two coloring solutions, the at least two coloring solutions including coloring solution A 1 and coloring solution A 2 ,
wherein the coloring solutions A 1 and A 2 both comprise coloring ions and a solvent for dissolving the coloring ions, and
wherein a first concentration of the coloring ions in coloring solution A 1 is different from a second concentration of the coloring ions in coloring solution A 2 .
12. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the porous dental zirconia mill block is characterized by a ZrO2 content of 91 to 98 mol %, HfO2 content of 0 to 2 mol %, Y2O3 content of 2 to 6 mol %, Al2O3 content of 0 to 1 mol % and having a BET surface of 5 to 20 m2/g, and
wherein the coloring solutions A 1 and A 2 comprise at least two of Er, Fe, Tb, Pr, Co, Mn and Cr ions and having a viscosity in a range of 1 to 20 mPa*s at 23° C.
13. The process according to claim 1 , the porous dental zirconia mill block to sintering by applying either of the following heat treatment steps:
sintering temperature 1,350 to 1,600° C., heating rate 1 to 7° C./sec;
sintering temperature 1,350 to 1,600° C., heating rate 1 to 30° C./min.