Method for controlling the temperature of a battery in a motor vehicle
The invention relates to a method for controlling the temperature of a battery in an electric or hybrid motor vehicle by means of a system comprising a vapor compression circuit in which flows a first heat transfer composition comprising 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, and a secondary circuit in which flows a second heat transfer composition comprising 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene that has a ratio of the Z form to the E form of less than or equal to 9, the method involving: —heat exchange between the battery and the second heat transfer composition; —heat exchange between the second heat transfer composition and the first heat transfer composition. The invention also relates to a system for carrying out said method.
1. A method for regulation of the temperature of a battery of an electric or hybrid motor vehicle by means of a system comprising a vapor compression circuit in which a first heat-transfer composition comprising 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene circulates and a secondary circuit in which a second heat-transfer composition comprising 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene having a Z form to E form ratio of less than or equal to 9 circulates, the method comprising:
an exchange of heat between the battery and the second heat-transfer composition;
an exchange of heat between the second heat-transfer composition and the first heat-transfer composition.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , in which the Z form to E form ratio of 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene is less than or equal to 5.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1 , in which the first heat-transfer composition comprises one or more heat-transfer compounds other than 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3 , in which 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene is present at a content of approximately 78.5% by weight in the first composition and difluoromethane is present at a content of approximately 21.5% by weight in the first composition.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1 , in which the second heat-transfer composition consists of 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1 , in which the second heat-transfer composition is at a uniform pressure in the secondary circuit.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1 , in which the battery is maintained at a temperature of between a minimum temperature t1 and a maximum temperature t2.
8. The method as claimed in claim 7 , in which the minimum temperature t1 is greater than or equal to 0° C. and the maximum temperature t2 is less than or equal to 60° C.
9. The method as claimed in claim 7 , implemented during a charging of the battery of the vehicle.
10. The method as claimed in claim 1 , in which the second heat-transfer composition is in direct contact with the battery of the vehicle.
11. The method as claimed in claim 1 , in which the battery comprises at least one electrochemical cell comprising a negative electrode, a positive electrode and an electrolyte, the positive electrode comprising at least one oxide of formula LiNi x Mn y Co z O 2 with x+y+z=1, x>y and x>z, or LiNi x′ Co y′ Al z′ with x′+y′+z′=1, x′>y′ and x′>z′, as electrochemically active material.
12. An installation for the regulation of the temperature of a battery of an electric or hybrid motor vehicle, comprising:
a vapor compression circuit in which a first heat-transfer composition comprising 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene circulates; and
a secondary circuit in which a second heat-transfer composition comprising 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene having a Z form to E form ratio of less than or equal to 9 circulates;
the vapor compression circuit being coupled with the secondary circuit by an intermediate heat exchanger, so as to make possible an exchange of heat between the first heat-transfer composition and the second heat-transfer composition; and the installation comprising an additional heat exchanger configured to exchange heat between the battery and the second heat-transfer composition.
13. The installation as claimed in claim 12 , in which the secondary circuit does not comprise a compressor.
14. The installation as claimed in claim 12 , in which the circulation of the second heat-transfer composition in the secondary circuit is carried out by means of a pump, or by gravity, or by capillary action.
15. The installation as claimed in claim 12 , additionally adapted for air conditioning of a passenger compartment of the vehicle, and/or heating of the passenger compartment of the vehicle, and/or cooling of electronic compounds of the vehicle, and/or heating of electronic compounds of the vehicle.
16. The installation as claimed in claim 12 , in which the first heat-transfer composition comprises one or more heat-transfer compounds other than 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene.
17. The installation as claimed in claim 16 , in which 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene is present at a content of approximately 78.5% by weight in the first composition and difluoromethane is present at a content of approximately 21.5% by weight in the first composition.