Process for fragmenting a polymer
The instant invention concerns a process for fragmenting a polymer chain, comprising an oxidative degradation step wherein the polymer chain is contacted with a reduced form of a metal M and an oxidant such as dioxygen, and wherein the polymer carries covalently bound chemical groups acting as a ligand of said reduced form of the metal M. The invention also relates to methods making use of this fragmentation process as a first step of a degradation process of the polymer especially useful for avoiding the negative impact of a polymer to the environment. In this connection, the invention relates to the use of polymers carrying chemical groups acting as a ligand for a reduced form of a metal M, as a polymer biodegradable in an environment wherein the reduced form of a metal M is present.
1 . A process for fragmenting a polymer chain into chemical species of lower molecular weight than the polymer chain, the process comprising an oxidative degradation step wherein the polymer chain is contacted with a reduced form of a metal M and an oxidant,
wherein the polymer chain comprises chemical groups acting as a ligand of the reduced form of the metal M, the groups being covalently bound to the polymer, and
wherein the chemical groups acting as ligands are selected from the group consisting of polycarboxylates, amino acid, N-heteroaromatic chelators, polyamino chelators, phenolic chelators, and combinations thereof.
2 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the polymer chain is solubilized or dispersed in a liquid medium.
3 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the reduced form of the metal M is oxidized in the presence of the oxidant, and wherein the oxidative degradation step is carried out in presence of a reducing agent able to regenerate the reduced form of the metal M after its oxidation with the oxidant.
4 . The process of claim 3 , wherein the reducing agent is a reducing group carried by the polymer chain.
5 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the reduced form of the metal M is oxidized in the presence of the oxidant, and wherein the chemical groups acting as a ligand of the reduced form of the metal M do not act as a ligand for the oxidized form(s) of the metal M obtained during the oxidative degradation, or act as a weaker ligand for the oxidized form(s) of the metal M than for the reduced form of the metal M.
6 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the oxidative degradation of the polymer chain is followed by a further degradation of the obtained chemical species.
7 . A method for degrading a polymer chain as defined in claim 1 to avoid negative impact to an environment, the method comprising:
(i) a step of applying the polymer in a formulation; and
(ii) a degradation step of the polymer, comprising at least the fragmentation process of claim 1 .
8 . The method of claim 7 , wherein the polymer chain is not contacted with a reduced form of a metal M during the step (i).
9 . The method of claim 7 , wherein the fragmentation process used in step (ii) is at least in part operated in the environment, by using a reduced form of a metal M naturally present in the environment.
10 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxidant is dioxygen.