Laminated vehicle glazing, associated device having a near-infrared vision system, and production thereof
A vehicle laminated glazing includes a first extraclear glass sheet (exterior glazing), a lamination interlayer and a second glass or plastic sheet (interior glazing) with a traversing hole.
1. A laminated vehicle glazing for a vehicle, comprising:
a first glass sheet intended to be an exterior glazing with a first external main face F 1 and a second internal main face F 2 ,
a lamination interlayer made of polymer material with a main face FA oriented toward the second internal main face F 2 and with a main face FB opposite to the main face FA, of given thickness E 3 ,
a second glass or plastic sheet intended to be an interior glazing with a third main face F 3 , oriented toward the second internal main face F 2 , and a fourth internal main face F 4
wherein:
the first glass sheet exhibits a content by weight of total iron oxide of at most 0.05%, the second glass or plastic sheet exhibits a traversing hole in a thickness of the second glass or plastic sheet, with a width W 1 which is at least centimetric,
the laminated glazing comprises, under said traversing hole, on a side of the second internal main face F 2 , a safety element which is transparent at at least one working wavelength in the infrared region in a range extending from 800 nm to 1800 nm,
wherein the safety element comprises:
in configuration a), a first polymer film or a first stack of polymer films comprising a first polymer film and at least one second polymer film adhesively bonded to the first polymer film, the safety element exhibits a total thickness of the first polymer film or the first stack of polymer films of at least 50 μm, the first polymer film being adhesively bonded to the second internal main face F 2 which is bare or coated with a functional coating, the lamination interlayer exhibiting a traversing interlayer hole in its thickness, opposite said traversing hole of the second glass or plastic sheet,
or
in configuration b), a second stack comprising the lamination interlayer and at least one first other polymer film adhesively bonded or in adhesive contact with the main face FB of the lamination interlayer which is bare or coated with a functional coating,
and wherein, opposite said traversing hole of the second glass or plastic sheet, the laminated glazing exhibits a total transmission of at least 80% at the working wavelength.
2. The laminated vehicle glazing as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the safety element extends into a border zone of said traversing hole over at least 2 mm.
3. The laminated vehicle glazing as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the second stack according to configuration b), or the first polymer film or the first stack of polymer films according to configuration a), is bonded to the third main face F 3 in a border zone of said traversing hole of the second glass or plastic sheet over at least 2 mm.
4. The laminated vehicle glazing as claimed in claim 3 , wherein, in configuration a), the first polymer film or the first stack of polymer films is adhesively bonded by an adhesive and/or the first polymer film is bonded by a polymer local rear band or the first stack of polymer films comprises a polymer local rear band that is in adhesive contact with the third main face F 3 which is bare or coated with a coating,
in configuration b), the second stack comprises a polymer local rear band that is in adhesive contact with the third main face F 3 which is bare or coated with a coating.
5. The laminated vehicle glazing as claimed in claim 4 , wherein, under the third main face F 3 , the polymer local rear band is in adhesive contact with the lamination interlayer.
6. The laminated vehicle glazing as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the polymer local rear band is made of poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) containing less than 15% by weight of plasticizers.
7. The laminated vehicle glazing as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the configuration a) or b) comprises at least one of the following functional polymer films transparent at the working wavelength: a selective filter film, safety or breakage-prevention film, a heating film, an antireflective or AR film, wherein, optionally, several of said selective filter, safety or breakage-prevention and antireflective or AR films are adhesively bonded by an adhesive.
8. The laminated vehicle glazing as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising, under said traversing hole of the second glass or plastic sheet, on a side of the second internal main face F 2 , a selective filter which absorbs in the visible region and is transparent at at least one working wavelength in the infrared region in a range extending from 800 nm to 1800 nm, wherein, opposite said traversing hole of the second glass or plastic sheet, the laminated glazing exhibits a total transmission of at most 10%, 5%, 1% or 0.1% in the visible region.
9. The laminated vehicle glazing as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the first polymer film or the first other polymer film or any other polymer film of configuration a) or b) forms part of the selective filter or forming said selective filter.
10. The laminated vehicle glazing as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first or second stack of polymer films comprises an antireflection or AR polymer film forming a free surface opposite said traversing hole of the second glass or plastic sheet.
11. The laminated vehicle glazing as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least one polymer film of the safety element according to configuration a) or b) comprises at least two functions chosen from the following: selective filter, heating, antireflective, breakage-prevention.
12. The vehicle glazing as claimed in claim 1 , wherein, for configuration a), the functional coating is on the second internal main face F 2 and is a selective filter or a heating layer, the first polymer film is an AR film, the first stack comprises lastly an AR film or an AR coating.
13. The laminated vehicle glazing as claimed in claim 1 , wherein, for configuration a), the first polymer film is adhesively bonded to the second internal main face F 2 by
an adhesion layer, which is a pressure-sensitive adhesive PSA or hot-melt adhesive
or
a polymer local front band that is in adhesive contact with the second internal main face F 2 opposite said traversing hole of the second glass or plastic sheet.
14. The laminated vehicle glazing as claimed in claim 1 , wherein, for configuration a), the first polymer film is adhesively bonded by a front band in adhesive contact with the second internal main face F 2 .
15. The laminated vehicle glazing as claimed in claim 1 , wherein, under the third main face F 3 , a rear band and/or a front band is in adhesive contact with the lamination interlayer.
16. The laminated vehicle glazing as claimed in claim 15 , wherein the front and/or rear band is made of poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) containing less than 15% by weight of plasticizers.
17. The laminated vehicle glazing as claimed in claim 1 or 15 , wherein, for configuration b), the second stack comprises one of the following sequences:
polymer film/said lamination interlayer/selective filter layer/adhesive/AR film forming a free surface opposite the traversing hole,
polymer film/said lamination interlayer/selective filter layer/adhesive/said first other polymer film forming a free surface opposite the traversing hole,
polymer film/said lamination interlayer/said first other polymer film which is a selective filter
functional coating being a selective filter/said lamination interlayer/said first other polymer film which is an AR film forming a free surface opposite the traversing hole,
functional coating being selective filter or heating layer/said lamination interlayer/said other first polymer film forming a free surface opposite the traversing hole,
one or more polymer films/said lamination interlayer/said other first polymer film forming a free surface opposite the traversing hole.
18. The laminated vehicle glazing as claimed in claim 1 , wherein, for configuration b), the lamination interlayer is a PVB/polymer PET film, which is functional/PVB trilayer, and wherein the other first polymer film extends outside a zone of said traversing hole and is a portion of said functional film, the functional PET film optionally carrying a solar control layer which is absent opposite said traversing hole.
19. The laminated vehicle glazing as claimed in claim 1 , wherein, for configuration b), the main face FA is in adhesive contact with the second internal main face F 2 which is bare or coated with a functional coating, or the main face FA is bonded with one or more polymer films underlying the lamination interlayer.
20. The laminated vehicle glazing as claimed in claim 1 , wherein, for configuration b), the main face FB exhibits a blind hole in its thickness opposite said traversing hole of the second glass or plastic sheet.
21. The laminated vehicle glazing as claimed in claim 1 , wherein, for configuration b), the main face FA exhibits a blind hole in its thickness opposite said traversing hole of the second glass or plastic sheet and the second internal main face F 2 is in adhesive contact or bonded with a polymer film underlying the main face FA.
22. The laminated vehicle glazing as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a plate adhesively bonded on the fourth main face F 4 comprising a hole in line with said traversing hole.
23. The laminated vehicle glazing as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising, in the traversing hole, an insert.
24. A vehicle comprising the laminated vehicle glazing as claimed in claim 1 .
25. A device comprising:
said laminated vehicle glazing as claimed in claim 1 , and
a system for infrared viewing at said working wavelength, positioned in a passenger compartment behind said laminated vehicle glazing so as to send and/or receive radiation after passing through the first glass sheet at a level of said traversing hole.