Systems and methods for providing direct spray cooling in an electric motor
Methods and systems are provided for providing cooling to an electric motor via direct spray cooling. In one example, a system may include a shaft including an oil conduit extending axially therein and a plurality of openings fluidically coupling the oil conduit to an external surface of the shaft; a rotor positioned coaxial with the shaft, an inner diameter of the rotor greater than an outer diameter of the shaft; and a gas-filled chamber bounded by an inner surface of the rotor and the external surface of the shaft, the gas filled chamber fluidically coupled to the oil conduit via the plurality of openings, and a pressure of a gas in the gas-filled chamber lower than a pressure of oil in the oil conduit.
1. A method, comprising:
responsive to a temperature of an electric motor exceeding a threshold temperature of the electric motor, determining a desired oil pressure based on a motor RPM of the electric motor and the temperature of the electric motor;
adjusting operation of an oil pump based on the desired oil pressure;
flowing oil from the oil pump to an oil conduit of the electric motor, the oil conduit extending axially within a rotor shaft of the electric motor and having a higher pressure relative to an internal cavity of the electric motor; and
flowing oil from the oil conduit to the internal cavity of the electric motor via a plurality of holes fluidically coupling the oil conduit and the internal cavity.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein flowing oil from the oil conduit to the internal cavity of the electric motor via the plurality of holes fluidically coupling the oil conduit and the internal cavity includes spraying at least a portion of the oil from the oil conduit on an internal surface of the electric motor.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
flowing oil out of the internal cavity along an oil flow path to an external oil sump via a plurality of drainage slots, the oil flow path impinging on end windings of a stator of the electric motor.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein flowing oil to the oil conduit of the electric motor includes increasing an opening of a valve coupled to the oil pump.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein flowing oil to the oil conduit of the electric motor is responsive to at least one of a motor torque greater than a threshold motor torque, the motor RPM being higher than a threshold motor RPM, and the temperature of the electric motor being higher than a threshold motor temperature.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the desired oil pressure is lower when the motor RPM is higher.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oil conduit and the rotor shaft extend from a first endcap of a rotor hub to a second endcap of the rotor hub.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oil flowed from the oil conduit to the internal cavity of the electric motor via the plurality of holes is impinged on an inner surface of a rotor of the electric motor.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the inner surface of the rotor includes rotor laminations of the rotor.
10. The method of claim 1 , further comprising flowing the oil to stator end windings and then to an oil sump.
11. The method of claim 1 , further comprising determining the temperature of the electric motor does not exceed the threshold temperature, and maintaining a coolant valve in a closed position responsive to determining the temperature of the electric motor does not exceed the threshold temperature.