Systems and methods for controlling longitudinal acceleration based on lateral objects

1. A method for controlling acceleration of a vehicle, comprising:

detecting, by a computing device, a lateral distance from a point on a trajectory of the vehicle to a first object the vehicle is expected to pass when following the trajectory, the first object being located off of and to a side of the trajectory and the point representing a future location of the vehicle while passing the first object;

selecting, by the computing device, whether acceleration limiting is to be performed by the vehicle based on the lateral distance;

obtaining a margin of the vehicle defined by a sequence of points, wherein the sequence of points is obtained by:

sliding a footprint of the vehicle longitudinally along the trajectory,

for each index point of the trajectory,

sliding the footprint laterally until the footprint intersects with the first object, and

obtaining a vehicle center or center of gravity specified by the footprint at a laterally slid location intersecting the first object,

obtaining an amount by which the acceleration of the vehicle is to be limited based on the trajectory and the margin of the vehicle, when a selection is made that acceleration limiting is to be performed by the vehicle, wherein the amount is obtained by:

calculating, for each of a plurality of index points along the trajectory, a distance between the index point and the margin of the vehicle;

determining, based on the distance, a limiting acceleration for each index point; and

causing, by the computing device, the vehicle to perform operations for autonomous driving with limiting of acceleration by the obtained amount.

2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the obtaining the amount by which the acceleration of the vehicle is to be limited comprises:

defining an interval with a first end that is located a pre-defined distance from the first object and a second opposing that is located the pre-defined distance from the first object;

for each index point of a plurality of index points of the trajectory that are located in the interval,

obtaining a first distance between the margin of the vehicle and each index point of the trajectory within the interval and a second distance between the margin of the vehicle and an edge of drivable area for the vehicle,

obtaining a first desired acceleration based on the first distance and a second desired acceleration based on the second distance, and

selecting a largest one of the first and second desired accelerations as a final desired acceleration; and

selecting the smallest value from the final desired accelerations for limiting acceleration of the vehicle.

3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the first and second desired accelerations are obtained using look-up tables each comprising a plurality of different acceleration values that are indexed by a plurality of different distance values.

4. The method according to claim 2 , further comprising adjusting the smallest value based on a class of the object.

5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the smallest value is adjusted by a first amount when the object is associated with a first class and by a second different amount when the object is associated with a second different class.

6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the vehicle is expected to additionally pass a second object and the obtaining further comprises:

for each of the first and second objects,

defining an interval with a first end that is located a pre-defined distance from the first or second object and a second opposing that is located the pre-defined distance from the first or second object;

for each index point of a plurality of index points of the trajectory that are located in the interval,

obtaining a first distance between the margin of the vehicle and each index point of the trajectory within the interval and a second distance between the margin of the vehicle and an edge of drivable area for the vehicle,

obtaining a first desired acceleration based on the first distance and a second desired acceleration based on the second distance, and

selecting a largest one of the first and second desired accelerations as a final desired acceleration;

selecting a smallest value from the final desired accelerations for the first and second objects at each index point of the trajectory that are located in the interval; and

generating at least one resultant acceleration value using the selected smallest values.

7. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the at least one resultant acceleration value is generated by a machine learning algorithm that is trained to generate resultant acceleration values based on context information derived from sensor data.

8. The method according to claim 7 , wherein the context information comprises at least one of a relative location of vehicle and the first object, a relative location of the vehicle and the second object, a position of vehicle, a position of first object, a position of the second object, the trajectory, a predicted trajectory for the first object, a predicted trajectory for the second object, a classification of the first object, a classification of the second object, a direction of travel for the vehicle, a direction of travel for the first object and a direction of travel for the second object.

9. The method according to claim 6 , further comprising adjusting the at least one resultant acceleration value based on at least one of a classification of the first object and a classification of the second object.

10. A system, comprising:

a processor;

a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising programming instructions that are configured to cause the processor to implement a method for controlling acceleration of a vehicle, wherein the programming instructions comprise instructions to:

detect a lateral distance from a point on a trajectory of the vehicle to a first object the vehicle is expected to pass when following the trajectory, the first object being located off of and to a side of the trajectory and the point representing a future location of the vehicle while passing the first object;

select whether acceleration limiting is to be performed by the vehicle based on the lateral distance;

obtain a margin of the vehicle defined by a sequence of points, wherein the sequence of points is obtained by:

sliding a footprint of the vehicle longitudinally along the trajectory, for each index point of the trajectory:

sliding the footprint laterally until the footprint intersects with the first object, and

obtaining a vehicle center or center of gravity specified by the footprint at a laterally slid location intersecting the first object;

obtain an amount by which the acceleration of the vehicle is to be limited based on the trajectory and the margin of the vehicle, when a selection is made that acceleration limiting is to be performed by the vehicle, wherein the amount is obtained by:

calculating for each of a plurality of index points along the trajectory. a distance between the index point and the margin of the vehicle,

determining, based on the distance, a limiting acceleration for each index point;

selecting a minimum limiting acceleration from the limiting accelerations of the plurality of index points as the amount by which the acceleration of the vehicle is to be limited; and

cause the vehicle to perform operations for autonomous driving with limiting of acceleration by the obtained amount.

11. The system according to claim 10 , wherein the amount by which the acceleration of the vehicle is to be limited is obtained by:

defining an interval with a first end that is located a pre-defined distance from the first object and a second opposing that is located the pre-defined distance from the first object;

for each index point of a plurality of index points of the trajectory that are located in the interval,

obtaining a first distance between the margin of the vehicle and each index point of the trajectory within the interval and a second distance between the margin of the vehicle and an edge of drivable area for the vehicle,

obtaining a first desired acceleration based on the first distance and a second desired acceleration based on the second distance, and

selecting a largest one of the first and second desired accelerations as a final desired acceleration; and

selecting the smallest value from the final desired accelerations for limiting acceleration of the vehicle.

12. The system according to claim 11 , wherein the first and second desired accelerations are obtained using look-up tables each comprising a plurality of different acceleration values that are indexed by a plurality of different distance values.

13. The system according to claim 11 , wherein the programing instructions further comprise instructions to adjust the smallest value based on a class of the object.

14. The system according to claim 13 , wherein the smallest value is adjusted by a first amount when the object is associated with a first class and by a second different amount when the object is associated with a second different class.

15. The system according to claim 10 , wherein the vehicle is expected to additionally pass a second object and the amount by which the acceleration of the vehicle is to be limited is obtained by:

for each of the first and second objects,

defining an interval with a first end that is located a pre-defined distance from the first or second object and a second opposing that is located the pre-defined distance from the first or second object;

for each index point of a plurality of index points of the trajectory that are located in the interval,

obtaining a first distance between the margin of the vehicle and each index point of the trajectory within the interval and a second distance between the margin of the vehicle and an edge of drivable area for the vehicle,

obtaining a first desired acceleration based on the first distance and a second desired acceleration based on the second distance, and

selecting a largest one of the first and second desired accelerations as a final desired acceleration;

selecting a smallest value from the final desired accelerations for the first and second objects at each index point of the trajectory that are located in the interval; and

generating at least one resultant acceleration value using the selected smallest values.

16. The system according to claim 15 , wherein the at least one resultant acceleration value is generated by a machine learning algorithm that is trained to generate resultant acceleration values based on context information derived from sensor data.

17. The system according to claim 16 , wherein the context information comprises at least one of a relative location of vehicle and the first object, a relative location of the vehicle and the second object, a position of vehicle, a position of first object, a position of the second object, the trajectory, a predicted trajectory for the first object, a predicted trajectory for the second object, a classification of the first object, a classification of the second object, a direction of travel for the vehicle, a direction of travel for the first object and a direction of travel for the second object.

18. A non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores instructions that is configured to, when executed by at least one computing device, cause the at least one computing device to perform operations comprising:

detecting a lateral distance from a point on a trajectory of the vehicle to a first object the vehicle is expected to pass when following the trajectory, the first object being located off of and to a side of the trajectory and the point representing a future location of the vehicle while passing the first object;

selecting whether acceleration limiting is to be performed by the vehicle based on the lateral distance;

obtaining a margin of the vehicle defined by a sequence of points;

obtaining an amount by which the acceleration of the vehicle is to be limited based on the trajectory and the margin of the vehicle, when a selection is made that acceleration limiting is to be performed by the vehicle; and

causing the vehicle to perform operations for autonomous driving with limiting of acceleration by the obtained amount.

19. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 18 , wherein the amount by which the acceleration of the vehicle is to be limited is obtained by:

calculating, for each of a plurality of index points along the trajectory, a distance between the index point and the margin of the vehicle; and

determining, based on the distance, a limiting acceleration for each index point.

20. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 19 , wherein the amount by which the acceleration of the vehicle is to be limited is further obtained by selecting a minimum limiting acceleration from the limiting accelerations of the plurality of index points.