SYSTEMS FOR DETERMINING INSULIN ON BOARD AND RECOMMENDING INSULIN THERAPY, AND RELATED METHODS
A system is provided with an insulin delivery device configured to deliver insulin to a user of the system and a computer-based control unit associated with the insulin delivery device. The computer-based control unit includes a user interface and a computer-based processor. The computer-based processor is configured to calculate a relative insulin on board value for a specific time by calculating a first value that represents a reference insulin on board value at the specific time, calculating a second value that represents an automated insulin on board value at the specific time, and subtracting one of the first and second values from the other. The automated insulin on board value represents at least one insulin delivery automatically specified by the computer-based control unit. Methods of use are also disclosed.
1 . An insulin delivery system, comprising:
a glucose monitor;
an insulin delivery device; and
a remote device in wireless communication with the glucose monitor and the insulin delivery device, the remote device comprising:
at least one processor; and
a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions thereon that, when executed by the processor, cause the remote device to:
determine an estimated insulin-on-board (IOB) based at least partially on insulin delivery information related to a person with diabetes (PWD); and
determine a relative IOB that represents a difference between a reference IOB and the estimated IOB, the reference IOB representing an amount of insulin required to maintain blood glucose stasis of the PWD; and
determine a recommended bolus dose of insulin, comprising:
based at least partially on the determined relative IOB, projecting future blood glucose levels for one or more changes to basal insulin delivery to the PWD; and
based at least partially on projected future blood glucose levels, determining whether the recommended bolus dose of insulin is necessary to achieve a target blood glucose level.
2 . The insulin delivery system of claim 1 , wherein the remote device further comprises instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the remote device to receive measured blood glucose levels of the PWD from the glucose monitor.
3 . The insulin delivery system of claim 1 , wherein the remote device further comprises instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the remote device to, responsive to determining that the recommended bolus dose of insulin is necessary to achieve a target blood glucose level, provide the recommended bolus dose of insulin to the PWD.
4 . The insulin delivery system of claim 1 , wherein the remote device further comprises instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the remote device to, responsive to determining that the recommended bolus dose of insulin is unnecessary to achieve a target blood glucose level, discard the recommended bolus dose of insulin.
5 . The insulin delivery system of claim 1 , wherein the remote device further comprises instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the remote device to:
project a first set of future blood glucose levels based, at least in part, on an anticipated meal intake; and
project a second set of future blood glucose levels responsive to the assumed one or more changes to basal insulin delivery to the PWD.
6 . The insulin delivery system of claim 5 , wherein the remote device further comprises instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the remote device to determine a meal bolus dose based, at least in part, on a difference between the second set of future blood glucose levels and the target blood glucose level.
7 . The insulin delivery system of claim 1 , wherein the remote device further comprises instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the remote device to:
receive measured blood glucose levels of the PWD from the glucose monitor; and
responsive to determining that the receive measured blood glucose levels of the PWD are outside of a target range of blood glucose levels, determine a correction dose of insulin.
8 . The insulin delivery system of claim 1 , wherein the assumed one or more changes to basal insulin delivery comprise one of an increase in basal insulin delivery or a decrease in basal insulin delivery.
9 . The insulin delivery system of claim 1 , wherein determining that the recommended bolus dose of insulin is necessary to achieve a target blood glucose level comprises:
determining that received measured blood glucose levels are outside of a target range for blood glucose levels; and
determining that that delivery of the recommended bolus dose of insulin will bring the blood glucose levels of the PWD within the target range for blood glucose levels.
10 . The insulin delivery system of claim 1 , wherein determining that the recommended bolus dose of insulin is necessary to achieve a target blood glucose level comprises determining that delivery of the recommended bolus dose of insulin will compensate for projected increased blood glucose levels due to an anticipated meal and will maintain blood glucose levels of the PWD within a target range for blood glucose levels.
11 . A method for managing insulin delivery, comprising:
determining an estimated insulin-on-board (IOB) based at least partially on insulin delivery information related to a person with diabetes (PWD);
determining a relative IOB that represents a difference between a reference IOB and the estimated IOB, the reference IOB representing an amount of insulin required to maintain blood glucose stasis of the PWD;
determining a recommended bolus dose of insulin, comprising:
based at least partially on the determined relative IOB, projecting future blood glucose levels for one or more changes to basal insulin delivery to the PWD; and
based at least partially on projected future blood glucose levels, determining whether the recommended bolus dose of insulin is necessary to achieve a target blood glucose level.
12 . The method of claim 11 , further comprising, responsive to determining that the recommended bolus dose of insulin is necessary to achieve a target blood glucose level, providing the recommended bolus dose of insulin to the PWD.
13 . The method of claim 11 , further comprising, responsive to determining that the recommended bolus dose of insulin is unnecessary to achieve a target blood glucose level, discarding the recommended bolus dose of insulin.
14 . The method of claim 11 , further comprising:
projecting a first set of future blood glucose levels based, at least in part, on an anticipated meal intake; and
projecting a second set of future blood glucose levels responsive to the assumed one or more changes to basal insulin delivery to the PWD.
15 . The method of claim 14 , further comprising determining a meal bolus dose based, at least in part, on a difference between the second set of future blood glucose levels and the target blood glucose level.
16 . The method of claim 11 , further comprising:
receiving measured blood glucose levels of the PWD from a glucose monitor; and
responsive to determining that the received measured blood glucose levels of the PWD are outside of a target range of blood glucose levels, determining a correction dose of insulin.
17 . The method of claim 11 , wherein projecting future blood glucose levels assuming one or more changes to basal insulin delivery to the PWD comprises:
assuming an increase in basal insulin delivery; or
assuming a decrease in basal insulin delivery.
18 . The method of claim 11 , wherein determining that the recommended bolus dose of insulin is necessary to achieve a target blood glucose level comprises:
determining that received measured blood glucose levels are outside of a target range for blood glucose levels; and
determining that that delivery of the recommended bolus dose of insulin will bring the blood glucose levels of the PWD within the target range for blood glucose levels.
19 . The method of claim 11 , wherein determining that the recommended bolus dose of insulin is necessary to achieve a target blood glucose level comprises determining that delivery of the recommended bolus dose of insulin will compensate for projected increased blood glucose levels due to an anticipated meal and will maintain blood glucose levels of the PWD within a target range for blood glucose levels.
20 . A remote device for assisting in insulin delivery, the remote device comprising:
at least one processor; and
a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions thereon that, when executed by the processor, cause the remote device to:
determine an estimated insulin-on-board (IOB) for a person with diabetes (PWD); and
determine a difference between a reference IOB and the estimated IOB, the reference IOB representing an amount of insulin required to maintain blood glucose stasis of the PWD; and
based at least partially on the difference between the reference IOB and the estimated IOB, project future blood glucose levels assuming one or more changes to basal insulin delivery to the PWD; and
based at least partially on projected future blood glucose levels, determining whether an unscheduled bolus dose of insulin will be necessary to achieve a target blood glucose level for the PWD.