Coaxial cable utilizing plated carbon nanotube elements and method of manufacturing same
A cable includes at least one inner conductor and an insulation layer surrounding the inner conductor. An outer conductive layer surrounds the insulation layer and center conductor and includes a carbon nanotube substrate having opposing face surfaces and edges. One or more metals are applied as layer(s) to the opposing face surfaces and edges of the carbon nanotube substrate for forming a metallized carbon nanotube substrate. The metallized carbon nanotube substrate is wrapped to surround the insulation layer and center conductor for forming the outer conductive layer. Embodiments of the invention include a braid layer positioned over the outer conductive layer. The braid layer is woven from of plurality of carbon nanotube yarn elements made of a plurality of carbon nanotube filaments. The carbon nanotube filaments include a carbon nanotube core and metal applied as a layer on the carbon nanotube core for forming a metallized carbon nanotube filaments and yarns woven to form the braid layer.
1 . A cable comprising:
at least one inner conductor;
an insulation layer surrounding the inner conductor;
an outer conductive layer including:
a carbon nanotube substrate having opposing face surfaces and edges;
a plurality of metal layers applied as continuous conductive metal layers over the opposing face surfaces and edges of the carbon nanotube substrate for forming a metallized carbon nanotube substrate;
the continuous conductive metal layers being different metals;
the metallized carbon nanotube substrate being wrapped to surround the insulation layer and inner conductor;
a braid layer positioned over the outer conductive layer, the braid layer including a plurality of carbon nanotube yarn elements that each include a plurality of carbon nanotube filaments that are bundled together to form the respective yarn element;
the carbon nanotube filaments including a carbon nanotube core and a plurality of metal layers applied on the carbon nanotube core for forming a metallized carbon nanotube filament;
the carbon nanotube yarn elements configured together to form a plurality of ribbons, the ribbons of the carbon nanotube elements being woven together to form the braid.
2 . The cable of claim 1 wherein at least one of the metal layers is applied on the carbon nanotube core through an electroplating process.
3 . The cable of claim 1 wherein at least one metal layer of the plurality of metal layers applied on the carbon nanotube core includes at least one of copper, silver, nickel or tin.
4 . The cable of claim 1 wherein the metallized carbon nanotube substrate is wrapped in an overlap fashion to surround the insulation layer and inner conductor for forming the outer conductive layer.
5 . The cable of claim 1 wherein the wrapped outer conductive layer is wrapped at an angle in the range of 40-50 degrees.
6 . The cable of claim 1 wherein the plurality of metal layers applied on the carbon nanotube core includes at least one copper layer and at least one silver layer.
7 . The cable of claim 1 wherein at least one of the metal layers on the carbon nanotube core has a thickness in the range of 30-300 micro-inches.
8 . The cable of claim 1 wherein the carbon nanotube substrate has a thickness in the range of 0.0010-0.0020 inches.
9 . The cable of claim 1 wherein the at least one inner conductor includes a plurality of carbon nanotube yarn elements, each yarn element comprising a plurality of carbon nanotube filaments;
the carbon nanotube filaments including a carbon nanotube core and at least one metal applied as a layer on the carbon nanotube core for forming a metallized carbon nanotube filament for the inner conductor.
10 . A cable comprising:
at least one inner conductor;
an insulation layer surrounding the inner conductor;
an outer conductive layer being wrapped to surround the insulation layer and inner conductor;
a braid layer positioned over the outer conductive layer, the braid layer including a plurality of carbon nanotube yarn elements that each include a plurality of carbon nanotube filaments that are bundled together to form the respective yarn element;
the carbon nanotube filaments including a carbon nanotube core and a plurality of metal layers continuously applied over the carbon nanotube core for forming a metallized carbon nanotube filament that is bundled with other metalized carbon nanotube filaments to form the yarn element;
the metal layers continuously applied over the carbon nanotube core including at least two different metals;
the carbon nanotube yarn elements configured together to form a plurality of ribbons, the ribbons of the carbon nanotube elements being woven together to form the braid layer;
the at least one inner conductor including a plurality of carbon nanotube yarn elements, each respective yarn element comprising a plurality of carbon nanotube filaments;
the carbon nanotube filaments of the inner conductor including a carbon nanotube core and at least one metal applied as a layer on the carbon nanotube core for forming a metallized carbon nanotube filament for the inner conductor.
11 . The cable of claim 10 wherein the outer conductive layer includes:
a carbon nanotube substrate having opposing face surfaces and edges;
a plurality of metal layers applied as continuous conductive metal layers over the opposing face surfaces and edges of the carbon nanotube substrate for forming a metallized carbon nanotube substrate.
12 . The cable of claim 11 wherein the metallized carbon nanotube substrate is wrapped in an overlap fashion to surround the insulation layer and inner conductor for forming the outer conductive layer.
13 . The cable of claim 11 wherein at least one metal layer of the plurality of metal layers applied to the opposing face surfaces and edges of the carbon nanotube substrate includes at least one of copper, silver, nickel or tin.
14 . The cable of claim 10 wherein at least one metal layer of the plurality of metal layers applied on the carbon nanotube core for the braid includes at least one of copper, silver, nickel or tin.
15 . The cable of claim 10 wherein the metal of the at least one metal layer applied as a layer on the carbon nanotube core for forming the filaments of the inner conductor includes at least one of copper, silver, nickel or tin.
16 . A cable comprising:
at least one inner conductor;
an insulation layer surrounding the inner conductor;
an outer conductive layer including:
a carbon nanotube substrate having opposing face surfaces and edges;
a plurality of metal layers applied as continuous conductive metal layers over the opposing face surfaces and edges of the carbon nanotube substrate for forming a metallized carbon nanotube substrate;
the metallized carbon nanotube substrate being wrapped to surround the insulation layer and inner conductor;
a braid layer positioned over the outer conductive layer, the braid layer including a plurality of carbon nanotube yarn elements that each include a plurality of carbon nanotube filaments that are bundled together to form the respective yarn element;
the carbon nanotube filaments including a carbon nanotube core and a plurality of metal layers applied on the carbon nanotube core for forming a metallized carbon nanotube filament;
the carbon nanotube yarn elements configured together to form a plurality of ribbons, the ribbons of the carbon nanotube elements being woven together to form the braid layer;
the at least one inner conductor including a plurality of carbon nanotube yarn elements, each respective yarn element comprising a plurality of carbon nanotube filaments;
the carbon nanotube filaments of the inner conductor including a carbon nanotube core and at least one metal applied as a layer on the carbon nanotube core for forming a metallized carbon nanotube filament for the inner conductor.
17 . The cable of claim 16 wherein the metal of the at least one metal layer applied on the carbon nanotube core of filaments of at least one of the braid layer or the at least one inner conductor includes at least one of copper, silver, nickel or tin.
18 . The cable of claim 16 wherein the metal of the plurality of metal layers applied to the opposing face surfaces and edges of the carbon nanotube substrate includes at least one of copper, silver, nickel or tin.