Fracturing of a deep or wet well utilizing an air/fuel mixture and multiple stage restriction orifice assembly
A method of producing subterranean fractures in geologic formations having a significant amount of water present (a wet well) and/or at deep locations (1.5-2 miles or more) for the extraction of hydrocarbons therefrom includes flowing an explosive hydrophobic emulsion mixture to protect the air and fuel mixture subsequently flowed into a well hole. The build-up of pressure using a multiple plate restriction orifice assembly eventually causes auto-ignition of the air and fuel mixture which fractures the formation for recovery of the hyrdrocarbons.
1. A method of fracturing comprising:
drilling a well hole into a subterranean well location;
disposing straddle packers in the well hole to create a combustion chamber;
providing a multiple stage restriction orifice assembly adjacent the combustion chamber;
pumping an emulsion mixture into the well hole, the emulsion mixture flowing through the multiple stage restriction orifice assembly to the combustion chamber;
flowing a combustible mixture of an oxidizer and a fuel into the well hole, through the multiple stage restriction orifice assembly and to the combustion chamber at a selected rate;
causing the combustible mixture to auto-ignite in the combustion chamber under back pressure created by the multiple stage restriction orifice assembly, thereby causing the emulsion mixture to detonate in response to the auto-ignition of the air and fuel mixture, wherein at least a portion of the subterranean well location is fractured with the explosion from the detonation of the emulsion mixture; and
collecting a plurality of hydrocarbons emitted from the fractured subterranean well location.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the emulsion mixture contains a) ammonium nitrate, and b) at least one of a group including fuel oil, a mineral oil, and a polymeric surfactant.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fuel is one of a group consisting of diesel fuel, a carbohydrate, wheat flour, corn flour, rice flour, barley flour, organic starches, powdered plastics, powdered coal, and powdered fecal matter.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein a plurality of piezo crystals is added to the fuel to provide detonation of the combustible mixture under pressure.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the multiple stage restriction orifice assembly has at least two plates, each plate having an orifice.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the orifices have different internal diameters.
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the plates are equally spaced.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the combustion chamber is defined by the well hole and at least two spaced straddle packers.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the well hole further comprises a tubing string extending down the well hole and coupled to the multiple stage restriction orifice assembly.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the multiple stage restriction orifice assembly comprises an API pup joint.
11. A system for fracturing a subterranean well location with a well hole comprising:
at least two straddle packers spaced and positioned in the well hole to define a combustion chamber;
a multiple stage restriction orifice assembly coupled to one of the straddle packers;
a tubing string extending down the well hole and coupled to the multiple stage restriction orifice assembly;
an emulsion mixture, delivered to the well hole via the tubing string, the mixture flowing through the multiple stage restriction orifice assembly and interacting with any water present in the well hole;
a combustible mixture of an oxidizer and a fuel delivered to the well hole via the tubing string at a selected rate; and
wherein the multiple stage restriction orifice assembly inhibits flow of the combustible mixture creating a back pressure sufficient to auto-detonate the combustible mixture, and wherein the emulsion mixture is detonated by a deflagration of the combustible mixture.
12. The system of claim 11 , wherein the emulsion mixture comprises a) ammonium nitrate and b) at least one of a group including fuel oil, mineral oil, and a polymeric surfactant.
13. The system of claim 11 , wherein the fuel is one of a group consisting of diesel fuel, a carbohydrate, wheat flour, corn flour, rice flour, barley flour, organic starches, powdered plastics, powdered coal, and powdered fecal matter.
14. The system of claim 13 , wherein the fuel is diesel fuel and the diesel fuel is aerosolized and the oxidizer is at least one of aluminum nitrate, ammonium nitrate, and ambient air at a surface of the well hole.
15. The system of claim 11 , wherein the oxidizer is at least one of aluminum nitrate, ammonium nitrate, or ambient air at a surface of the well hole.
16. The system of claim 11 , wherein a plurality of piezo crystals is added to the fuel to provide detonation under pressure.
17. The system of claim 11 , wherein the multiple stage restriction orifice assembly has at least two plates, each plate having an orifice.
18. The system of claim 17 , wherein the orifices have different internal diameters.
19. The system of claim 18 , wherein the plates are equally spaced.
20. The system of claim 11 , wherein the multiple stage restriction orifice assembly comprises an API pup joint.