Methods for treating biomass to produce oligosaccharides and related compositions
Methods of forming an ingredient for human consumption are provided herein. The methods may include isolating one or more soluble polysaccharides from a biomass, generating one or more oligosaccharides from the biomass, and combining the one or more isolated soluble polysaccharides with the generated oligosaccharides to form the ingredient. Methods of pretreating a biomass are also provided. The methods may include administering a physical pretreatment to a biomass, administering a gentle pretreatment to the physically pretreated biomass, and administering a strong pretreatment to the gently pretreated biomass. Ingredients for human consumption are also provided.
1. A soluble sweetener composition, suitable for human consumption, the soluble sweetener composition comprising: one or more polysaccharide(s) comprising one or more soluble polysaccharide(s); and at least two oligosaccharides comprising at least two of oligosaccharides (i)-(vi):
(i) a cello-oligosaccharide having a degree of polymerization (DP) from two to six;
(ii) a xylo-oligosaccharide having a DP from two to twelve;
(iii) a manno-oligosaccharide having a DP from two to twelve;
(iv) an arabinoxylo-oligosaccharide having a DP from three to fifteen;
(v) a mixed-linkage glucan oligosaccharide having a DP from two to five; or
(vi) a chito-oligosaccharide having a DP from two to twelve, wherein the soluble sweetener composition comprises the one or more soluble polysaccharide(s) and the at least two oligosaccharides at a weight ratio from 1:100 to 1:1.
2. The soluble sweetener composition of claim 1 , wherein the soluble sweetener composition is substantially free of insoluble polysaccharides.
3. The soluble sweetener composition of claim 1 , wherein the soluble sweetener composition comprises from about 1% to about 50% the one or more polysaccharide(s) by weight.
4. The soluble sweetener composition of claim 1 , wherein the soluble sweetener composition is soluble in water.
5. The soluble sweetener composition of claim 4 , wherein a solubility of the soluble sweetener composition in the water is at least 80 g of the soluble sweetener composition per 100 g of the water at 50° C.
6. The soluble sweetener composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more soluble polysaccharide(s) comprise a xylan or a xyloglucan.
7. The soluble sweetener composition of claim 6 , wherein the soluble sweetener composition comprises a cellulose derivative comprising at least one of a carboxymethyl cellulose, a hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, a cellulose acetate, a hydroxyethylcellulose, or a hydroxymethylcellulose.
8. The soluble sweetener composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least two oligosaccharides are independently derived from at least one biomass comprising at least one of a sugar cane biomass, a corn biomass, a wheat biomass, a hardwood biomass, or a softwood biomass.
9. The soluble sweetener composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least two oligosaccharides comprise the (iv) arabinoxylo-oligosaccharide having a DP from three to fifteen.
10. The soluble sweetener composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least two oligosaccharides comprise at least three of the (i) to (vi).
11. The soluble sweetener composition of claim 10 , wherein the composition comprises a first oligosaccharide of the at least three oligosaccharides in a ratio by weight from 1:9 to 1:1 in relation a second of the at least three oligosaccharides.
12. The soluble sweetener composition of claim 1 , wherein the cello-oligosaccharide has a degree of polymerization (DP) from two to four.
13. The soluble sweetener composition of claim 1 , wherein the cello-oligosaccharide has a degree of polymerization (DP) from two to four and the xylo-oligosaccharide has a degree of polymerization (DP) from two to six.
14. The soluble sweetener composition of claim 1 , wherein the soluble sweetener composition comprises less than 20% by dry weight of the one or more soluble polysaccharide(s).
15. The soluble sweetener composition of claim 1 , wherein the soluble sweetener composition comprises the one or more soluble polysaccharide(s) and the at least two oligosaccharides at a weight ratio from 1:60 to 1:5.
16. The soluble sweetener composition of claim 1 , wherein the soluble sweetener composition comprises from about 10% to about 20% of the one or more soluble polysaccharide(s) by weight.
17. A soluble sweetener composition, suitable for human consumption, the soluble sweetener composition comprising: one or more polysaccharide(s) comprising one or more soluble polysaccharide(s); and at least three oligosaccharides comprising at least three of oligosaccharides selected from the group of:
a cello-oligosaccharide having a degree of polymerization (DP) from two to six;
a manno-oligosaccharide having a DP from two to twelve;
an arabinoxylo-oligosaccharide having a DP from three to fifteen;
a mixed-linkage glucan oligosaccharide having a DP from two to five; and
a chito-oligosaccharide having a DP from two to twelve;
wherein the soluble sweetener composition comprises the one or more soluble polysaccharide(s) and the at least three oligosaccharides at a weight ratio from 1:100 to 1:1.