Method for magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) printhead/nozzle reuse
A method for operating a printer can include draining a print material from a printer, placing a sacrificial metal into the printer, ejecting the sacrificial metal from a nozzle of the printer, and cooling to printer to a temperature that is below a melting point of the print material and the sacrificial metal. The print material can be or include aluminum and the sacrificial metal can be or include tin. The print material can be drained from the printer when the print material is in molten form, for example, from about 600° C. to about 2000° C. The sacrificial metal can be ejected from the nozzle at a temperature above the melting point of the sacrificial metal but below the melting point of the print material, for example, below about 300° C. The method can reduce or eliminate cracking of various printer structures such as the nozzle during a shutdown or cooling of the printer.
1. A method for operating a printer, comprising:
placing a first metal into a supply reservoir of the printer, wherein the first metal has a first melting point;
ejecting the first metal from a nozzle of the printer;
placing a second metal having a second melting point, into the supply reservoir of the printer; and
allowing the second metal to dilute the first metal.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the first metal comprises a sacrificial metal; and
the second metal comprises a print material.
3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising allowing the supply reservoir to cool after ejecting the first metal from the nozzle of the printer.
4. The method of claim 3 , further comprising draining a print material from the supply reservoir of the printer prior to placing the sacrificial metal into the supply reservoir of the printer.
5. The method of claim 4 , further comprising ejecting the print material from the nozzle of the printer prior to the draining of the print material.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the ejecting of the print material further comprises ejecting the second metal from the nozzle at a temperature that is above the second melting point.
7. The method of claim 6 , further comprising ejecting the print material from the nozzle of the printer when the print material is at a temperature of from 600° C. to 2000° C.
8. The method of claim 4 , wherein:
the first metal comprises tin and has a melting point less than 300° C.;
the ejecting of the sacrificial metal from the nozzle comprises ejecting the sacrificial metal from the nozzle of the printer at a temperature of less than 300° C.;
the second metal comprises aluminum and has a melting point greater than 600° C.;
the draining of the print material comprises ejecting the print material from the nozzle of the printer at a temperature greater than 600° C.; and
the cooling of the printer comprises cooling the sacrificial metal to a temperature of from 20° C. to 22° C.
9. The method of claim 4 , further comprising:
placing a volume of the print material within the supply reservoir of the printer subsequent to the cooling of the printer; and
ejecting the print material from the nozzle of the printer at a temperature above the second melting point.
10. The method of claim 4 , further comprising reusing the ejected sacrificial metal during one or more printer operations.
11. A method of operating a printer, comprising:
tuning a melting point of a sacrificial metal comprising at least two metals to provide a low melting point compared to a metal print material;
diluting the sacrificial metal with the metal print material; and
ejecting the sacrificial and the metal print material from a nozzle of the printer.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein tuning the melting point of the sacrificial metal comprises increasing or decreasing a percentage of at least one of the at least two metals comprising the sacrificial metal.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein:
the sacrificial metal comprises from 30% to 100% tin; and
the metal print material comprises from 80% to 100% aluminum.
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the sacrificial metal comprises from 20% to 100% of gallium, indium, tin, bismuth, zinc, cadmium, or lead, or combinations of two or more thereof.
15. The method of claim 11 , wherein:
the print material has a first melting point; and
the sacrificial metal has a second melting point that is lower than the first melting point.
16. The method of claim 15 , further comprising draining the metal print material from a supply reservoir of the printer, wherein the metal print material is at a first temperature that is above the first melting point during the draining;
placing the sacrificial metal within the supply reservoir of the printer; and
ejecting the sacrificial metal from the supply reservoir of the printer through a nozzle of the printer.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the sacrificial metal is at a second temperature that is below the first melting point and above the second melting point during the ejecting.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein:
the first temperature is from 600° C. to 2000° C.; and
the second temperature is below 300° C.
19. A method of operating a printer, comprising:
placing a print material into a supply reservoir of a printer;
diluting a sacrificial metal within the supply reservoir of the printer to form an alloy; and
allowing the print material to dilute the sacrificial metal; and wherein:
the print material is a first metal having a first melting point; and
the sacrificial metal is a second metal having a second melting point.
20. The method of claim 19 , further comprising ejecting the alloy from a nozzle of the printer.
21. The method of claim 19 , wherein a volume of the sacrificial metal is small compared to a volume of print material.