Processes for producing filter elements suitable for use in smoking articles
A process for producing a filter element suitable for use in smoking articles may include: embedding a bundle of cellulose acetate fibers with an aqueous suspension of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) to obtain a wet bundle of the cellulose acetate fibers covered by the aqueous suspension of the PHA; shaping the wet bundle in a form of a continuous elongated element; heating the continuous elongated element to temperature greater than or equal to 140° C. and less than or equal to 180° C. for time sufficient to melt the PHA and to evaporate water from the continuous elongated element; cooling the heated continuous elongated element to obtain crystallization of the PHA; and cutting the so-obtained continuous elongated element into segments of predetermined length.
1. A process for producing a filter element suitable for use in smoking articles, the process comprising:
embedding a bundle of cellulose acetate fibers with an aqueous suspension of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) to obtain a wet bundle of the cellulose acetate fibers covered by the aqueous suspension of the polyhydroxyalkanoate;
shaping the wet bundle in a form of a continuous elongated element;
heating the continuous elongated element to temperature greater than or equal to 140° C. and less than or equal to 180° C. for time sufficient to melt the polyhydroxyalkanoate and to evaporate water from the continuous elongated element;
cooling the heated continuous elongated element to obtain crystallization of the polyhydroxyalkanoate; and
cutting the continuous elongated element into segments of predetermined length.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the polyhydroxyalkanoate comprise poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate-4-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBVV).
3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the embedding of the bundle of the cellulose acetate fibers with the aqueous suspension of the polyhydroxyalkanoate comprises uniformly embedding the bundle of the cellulose acetate fibers with the aqueous suspension of the polyhydroxyalkanoate.
4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the embedding of the bundle of the cellulose acetate fibers with the aqueous suspension of the polyhydroxyalkanoate comprises spraying the bundle of the cellulose acetate fibers with the aqueous suspension of the polyhydroxyalkanoate.
5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the embedding of the bundle of the cellulose acetate fibers with the aqueous suspension of the polyhydroxyalkanoate comprises immersing the bundle of the cellulose acetate fibers in the aqueous suspension of the polyhydroxyalkanoate.
6. The process of claim 1 , wherein a mass concentration of the polyhydroxyalkanoate in the aqueous suspension is greater than or equal to 1% weight per volume (% w/v) and less than or equal to 20% weight per volume (% w/v).
7. The process of claim 1 , wherein a mass concentration of the polyhydroxyalkanoate in the aqueous suspension is greater than or equal to 5% weight per volume (% w/v) and less than or equal to 15% weight per volume (% w/v).
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein prior to the embedding, the bundle of the cellulose acetate fibers has total denier greater than or equal to 20,000 denier and less than or equal to 80,000 denier.
9. The process of claim 1 , wherein prior to the embedding, the bundle of the cellulose acetate fibers has total denier greater than or equal to 30,000 denier and less than or equal to 60,000 denier.
10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the polyhydroxyalkanoate has a weight-average molecular weight (M w ) greater than or equal to 10,000 daltons (Da) and less than or equal to 1,000,000 daltons (Da).
11. The process of claim 1 , wherein the polyhydroxyalkanoate is present in an amount greater than or equal to 5% by weight and less than or equal to 30% by weight with respect to a total weight of the filter element.
12. The process of claim 1 , wherein the polyhydroxyalkanoate is present in an amount greater than or equal to 10% by weight and less than or equal to 20% by weight with respect to a total weight of the filter element.
13. The process of claim 1 , wherein the cellulose acetate fibers have diameter, expressed as denier per filament (dpf), greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 15.
14. The process of claim 1 , wherein the cellulose acetate fibers have diameter, expressed as denier per filament (dpf), greater than or equal to 5 and less than or equal to 10.
15. The process of claim 1 , wherein the polyhydroxyalkanoate comprises at least one homopolymer.
16. The process of claim 1 , wherein the polyhydroxyalkanoate comprises at least one copolymer.
17. The process of claim 1 , wherein the polyhydroxyalkanoate comprises at least one terpolymer.
18. The process of claim 1 , wherein the polyhydroxyalkanoate comprises polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), poly-3-hydroxyvalerate (PHV), poly-3-hydroxyhexanoate (PHH), poly-3-hydroxyoctanoate (PHO), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBH), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate), poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate-co-3-hydroxyundecen-10-enoate) (PHOU), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate-4-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBVV), polyhydroxybutyrate-hydroxyvalerate copolymer, or mixtures thereof.
19. The process of claim 1 , wherein the polyhydroxyalkanoate comprises polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB).
20. The process of claim 1 , wherein the polyhydroxyalkanoate comprises poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV).