Bone screws

1. A bone screw, comprising:

a screw body having a length with a head at one end of the screw and a tip at an opposite end of the screw, the screw body having an exterior roughened surface over the entirety thereof that is configured to be more receptive to bone growth than a smooth exterior surface;

head threads directly attached to the screw body and continuous around the head of the screw;

tip threads directly attached to the screw body and continuous around the tip of the screw; and

overhanging thread portions between the head threads and the tip threads, the overhanging thread portions being spaced apart, with radially spaced apart sets of unthreaded channels aligned with the length of the screw body between the overhanging thread portions and the overhanging thread portions overhanging a portion of the unthreaded channels, the overhanging thread portions and the radially spaced apart sets of unthreaded channels providing radially spaced apart fluted channels, with one or more windows in each of the fluted channels, each of the windows of each of the fluted channels being aligned with correspondingly located windows of the other unthreaded channels and one or more of the windows includes a permeable and porous fill occupying the window.

2. The bone screw of claim 1 , wherein the bone screw has a triangular cross-section and the unthreaded channels comprise three of the radially spaced apart sets of unthreaded channels providing the triangular cross-section.

3. The bone screw of claim 1 , wherein the head includes an internal complex geometric shaped drive and internal threads within the head.

4. The bone screw of claim 1 , wherein the tip is configured as a cutting tip formed to have cutting flutes and large channel cutouts.

5. The bone screw of claim 1 , further comprising a cannula extending from the head to the tip.

6. A method of making a bone screw, comprising the steps of:

manufacturing a bone screw by 3-D printing to provide the bone screw configured to have a screw body having a length with a head at one end of the screw and a tip at an opposite end of the screw, the screw body having an exterior roughened surface over the entirety thereof that is configured to be more receptive to bone growth than a smooth exterior surface; head threads directly attached to the screw body and continuous around the head of the screw; tip threads directly attached to the screw body and continuous around the tip of the screw; and overhanging thread portions between the head threads and the tip threads, the overhanging thread portions being spaced apart, with radially spaced apart sets of unthreaded channels aligned with the length of the screw body between the overhanging thread portions and the overhanging thread portions overhanging a portion of the unthreaded channels, the overhanging thread portions and the radially spaced apart sets of unthreaded channels providing radially spaced apart fluted channels, with one or more windows in each of the fluted channels, each of the windows of each of the fluted channels being aligned with correspondingly located windows of the other unthreaded channels and one or more of the windows includes a permeable and porous fill occupying the window.

7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the head is printed to include an internal complex geometric shaped drive and internal threads within the head.

8. The method of claim 6 , wherein the tip is printed to have cutting flutes and large channel cutouts.

9. The method of claim 6 , wherein the 3-D printing comprises Direct Metal Laser Sintering.

10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the screw is printed using a titanium alloy.

11. The method of claim 6 , wherein the bone screw is suitable for use as an implant in a human with no post-printing machining.