Ionizable lipidoids and their uses
Provided herein are lipidoid compounds of Formulae (I) and (II), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, co-crystals, tautomers, stereoisomers, solvates, hydrates, polymorphs, isotopically labeled derivatives, prodrugs, and compositions thereof. Also provided are methods and kits involving the inventive lipidoid compounds, compositions, or formulations for treating and/or preventing diseases (e.g., genetic disease, proliferative disease, hematological disease, neurological disease, painful condition, psychiatric disorder, metabolic disorder, long-term medical condition, inflammatory disease, autoinflammatory disease, liver disease, lung disease, spleen disease, familial amyloid neuropathy, cardiovascular disease, viral infection, infectious disease, fibrotic condition, or autoimmune disease) in a subject, methods for synthesizing the compounds described herein, and compounds described herein synthesized by the synthetic methods described herein. The compounds are effective carriers for the delivery of an agent such as a polynucleotide (e.g., RNA) to a cell.
1. A compound of Formula (I-A):
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, co-crystal, tautomer, stereoisomer, solvate, hydrate, polymorph, or isotopically enriched derivative thereof, wherein:
X is NH, O, or S;
R 1 is hydrogen, optionally substituted acyl, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl, optionally substituted alkynyl, optionally substituted carbocyclyl, optionally substituted heterocyclyl, optionally substituted aryl, or optionally substituted heteroaryl;
R 2 is optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl, optionally substituted alkynyl, optionally substituted carbocyclyl, optionally substituted heterocyclyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, or nitrogen protecting group; and
each instance of R 3 is independently optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl, or optionally substituted alkynyl.
2. The compound of claim 1 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, co-crystal, tautomer, stereoisomer, solvate, hydrate, polymorph, or isotopically enriched derivative thereof, wherein X is O.
3. The compound of claim 2 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, co-crystal, tautomer, stereoisomer, solvate, hydrate, polymorph, or isotopically enriched derivative thereof, wherein R 1 is optionally substituted C 1-6 alkyl.
4. The compound of claim 3 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, co-crystal, tautomer, stereoisomer, solvate, hydrate, polymorph, or isotopically enriched derivative thereof, wherein R 1 is unsubstituted methyl, unsubstituted ethyl, unsubstituted n-propyl, unsubstituted isopropyl, unsubstituted n-butyl, unsubstituted tert-butyl, unsubstituted sec-butyl, or unsubstituted iso-butyl.
5. The compound of claim 3 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, co-crystal, tautomer, stereoisomer, solvate, hydrate, polymorph, or isotopically enriched derivative thereof, wherein R 2 is optionally substituted C 1-6 alkyl.
6. The compound of claim 5 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, co-crystal, tautomer, stereoisomer, solvate, hydrate, polymorph, or isotopically enriched derivative thereof, wherein R 2 is of the formula: —(CH 2 ) n N(R D1a ) 2 , wherein:
both instances of R D1a taken together with their intervening atoms form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl ring; and
n is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6.
7. The compound of claim 6 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, co-crystal, tautomer, stereoisomer, solvate, hydrate, polymorph, or isotopically enriched derivative thereof, wherein n is 2.
8. The compound of claim 6 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, co-crystal, tautomer, stereoisomer, solvate, hydrate, polymorph, or isotopically enriched derivative thereof, wherein each R 3 is independently optionally substituted C 1-6 alkyl.
9. The compound of claim 8 , wherein each R 3 is independently substituted C 1-6 alkyl.
10. The compound of claim 1 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
11. The compound of claim 9 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
12. A composition comprising a compound of claim 9 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, co-crystal, tautomer, stereoisomer, solvate, hydrate, polymorph, or isotopically enriched derivative thereof, and an agent.
13. The composition of claim 12 , wherein the agent is a small organic molecule, inorganic molecule, nucleic acid, protein, peptide, or polynucleotide.
14. The composition of claim 13 , wherein the agent is a polynucleotide.
15. The composition of claim 14 , wherein the polynucleotide is DNA.
16. The composition of claim 14 , wherein the polynucleotide is RNA.
17. The composition of claim 16 , wherein the RNA is double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), small interfering RNA (siRNA), short hairpin RNA (shRNA), micro RNA (mi RNA), messenger RNA (mRNA), or antisense RNA.
18. The composition of claim 17 , wherein the RNA is mRNA.
19. The composition of claim 18 , wherein the mRNA encodes a protein.
20. The composition of claim 19 , wherein the protein is an antigen.
21. The composition of claim 18 , wherein the mRNA is an mRNA vaccine.
22. The composition of claim 12 , wherein the agent is an anti-cancer agent.
23. A composition comprising a compound of claim 1 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, co-crystal, tautomer, stereoisomer, solvate, hydrate, polymorph, or isotopically enriched derivative thereof, and an agent.