Depth control of seal line penetration for rotary ultrasonic horn/anvil welding without mechanical stop

1. An apparatus for joining a first film portion and a second film portion together along a seal line using ultrasonic energy, the apparatus comprising:

a horn configured to receive ultrasonic energy; and

an anvil positionable in close proximity to the horn that is advanced toward the anvil, wherein at least one of the horn or the anvil has a face with a width dimension and a circumference and is rotatable about a rotation axis,

the face having a raised profile relative to the face, the raised profile having a tapered side, the tapered side having a radius between 0.5 and 5 degrees relative to a topmost surface of the raised profile, the face being positioned such that the raised profile extends along the circumference, and continuous running contact is provided between the raised profile and the other of the one of the horn or the anvil when rotated about the rotation axis, to form the seal line without any external structure to control a distance between the horn and the anvil.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the thickness of the first film portion and the second film portion is between 10 μm and 150 μm.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein a height dimension of the raised profile relative to the face corresponds to 50% to 150% of the thickness of the first film portion or the second film portion.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the face includes a traction feature having a height dimension that does not exceed a height of the raised profile, the traction feature including a plurality of protrusions arranged in a grid or pattern, the traction feature being adjacent to the raised profile.

5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the plurality of protrusions are arranged in rows or columns that are non-parallel with edges of the face.

6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the face includes a cutting feature having a higher height compared to a height of the raised profile, the height of the raised profile corresponding to 50% to 150% of the thickness of the first film portion or the second film portion.

7. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the height of the cutting feature is between 1% and 20% of the height of the raised profile.

8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the raised profile including the tapered side is part of the anvil.

9. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the cutting feature is adjacent to the raised profile and forms a terminus thereof.

10. A product including the first film portion and the second film portion and the seal line formed by the apparatus of claim 1 .

11. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first film portion and the second film portion are composed of a plastic.

12. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first film portion or the second film portion is a multilayer film, a recyclable film, a biodegradable film, a compostable film, a monolayer film, a paper-based film, or a mono-material film.

13. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein a height of the topmost surface of the raised profile relative to the face is about 0.0035 inches.

14. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the radius of the tapered side is 1.15 degrees relative to the topmost surface of the raised profile.

15. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the raised profile further includes a second tapered side, the second tapered side having a radius between 0.5 and 5 degrees relative to the topmost surface of the raised profile.

16. An apparatus for joining a first film portion and a second film portion together along a seal line using ultrasonic energy, the apparatus comprising:

a horn configured to receive ultrasonic energy; and

an anvil positionable in close proximity to the horn that is advanced toward the anvil, wherein at least one of the horn or the anvil has a face with a width dimension and a circumference and is rotatable about a rotation axis,

the face having a raised profile relative to the face, the raised profile having a tapered side, the tapered side having a radius between 0.5 and 5 degrees relative to a topmost surface of the raised profile, the face being positioned such that the raised profile extends along the circumference, and continuous running contact is provided between the raised profile and the other of the one of the horn or the anvil when rotated about the rotation axis, to form the seal line without any external structure to control a distance between the horn and the anvil,

wherein the thickness of the first film portion and the second film portion is between 10 μm and 150 μm.

17. An apparatus for joining a first film portion and a second film portion together along a seal line using ultrasonic energy, the apparatus comprising:

a horn configured to receive ultrasonic energy; and

an anvil positionable in close proximity to the horn that is advanced toward the anvil, wherein at least one of the horn or the anvil has a face with a width dimension and a circumference and is rotatable about a rotation axis,

the face having a raised profile relative to the face, the raised profile having a tapered side, the tapered side having a radius between 0.5 and 5 degrees relative to a topmost surface of the raised profile, the face being positioned such that the raised profile extends along the circumference, and continuous running contact is provided between the raised profile and the other of the one of the horn or the anvil when rotated about the rotation axis, to form the seal line without any external structure to control a distance between the horn and the anvil,

wherein the first film portion and the second film portion are composed of a plastic.