System and method for modifying pH in an aqueous environment
A system includes an aqueous salt solution feed stream having a first pH and an electrochemical device positioned proximate an aqueous restoration area. The electrochemical device may receive the feed stream and convert it the feed stream to an acid stream and a base stream having respective predetermined pH values. A first effluent stream comprises the base stream, wherein the first effluent stream has a second pH that is higher than the first pH. The first effluent stream is delivered proximate the aqueous restoration area. A second effluent stream comprises the acid stream, wherein the second effluent stream has a third pH that is lower than the second pH.
1 . A system, comprising:
an aqueous salt solution feed stream having a first pH;
an electrochemical device positioned proximate an aqueous restoration area and configured to receive the aqueous salt solution feed stream and convert the aqueous salt solution feed stream to an acid stream and a base stream having respective predetermined pH values, wherein the electrochemical device is a bipolar membrane electrochemical device;
a first effluent stream comprising the base stream, wherein the first effluent stream has a second pH that is higher than the first pH and the first effluent stream is delivered proximate the aqueous restoration area without recombining with the acid stream prior to release;
a second effluent stream comprising the acid stream, wherein the second effluent stream has a third pH that is lower than the second pH and is directed to a storage unit containing one or more minerals that react with the acid stream to increase a pH of the acid stream before any discharge to a body of water; and
a controller coupled to a pH sensor proximate the aqueous restoration area and configured to adjust at least one of applied electrical potential and flow to maintain a local pH within a predetermined range.
2 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the electrochemical device is submerged in water.
3 . The system of claim 1 , further comprising a power source comprising at least one of solar power, wind power, tidal power, temperature gradient-driven systems, and salinity gradient driven-systems.
4 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous restoration area is a coral reef.
5 . The system of claim 1 , further comprising a first storage unit configured to receive the second effluent stream and store the acid stream for collection.
6 . The system of claim 5 , wherein the first storage unit comprises one or more minerals that react with the acid stream and increase a pH of the acid stream.
7 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the bipolar membrane electrochemical device comprises an alternating stack of bipolar membranes and ion-exchange membranes selected from anion-exchange membranes and cation-exchange membranes.
8 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the electrochemical device is configured to release the first effluent stream at a rate that results in a net carbon neutral or net carbon negative or net carbon capture process proximate the aqueous restoration area.
9 . A method comprising:
flowing a feed stream of an aqueous salt solution having a first pH into an electrochemical device submerged in a body of water, wherein the electrochemical device is a bipolar membrane electrochemical device;
applying an electrical potential to first and second electrodes of the electrochemical device;
in response to applying the electrical potential, separating the feed stream into an acid stream and a base stream having respective predetermined pH values;
sensing a local pH with a pH sensor proximate an aqueous restoration area;
in response to the sensed local pH, adjusting at least one of applied electrical potential and flow to maintain the local pH within a predetermined range;
outputting the base stream proximate an aqueous restoration area without recombining with the acid stream prior to release to increase water pH values proximate the aqueous restoration area and initiate restoration activity; and
outputting the acid stream to a storage unit containing one or more minerals that react with the acid stream to increase a pH of the acid stream before any discharge to a body of water.
10 . The method of claim 9 , further comprising:
reacting the acid stream in the storage unit with one or more minerals to increase a pH of the acid stream to a second pH value and release one or more silicates, salts, carbonates, and bicarbonates; and
discharging the acid stream having the second pH value and containing the one or more silicates, salts, carbonates, and bicarbonates into the body of water.
11 . The method of claim 9 , further comprising:
removing the acid stream from the storage unit.
12 . The method of claim 9 , wherein the aqueous restoration area is a coral reef and outputting the base stream proximate the coral reef initiates growth of the coral reef.
13 . The method of claim 9 , further comprising:
sensing a pH value proximate the aqueous restoration area;
determining whether the sensed pH value exceeds a predetermined threshold; and
in response to the sensed pH value exceeding the predetermined threshold, controlling the electrochemical device to alter the base stream output predetermined pH value proximate the aqueous restoration area.
14 . The method of claim 13 , wherein controlling the electrochemical device comprises altering the electrical potential applied to the first and second electrodes.
15 . The method of claim 13 , wherein controlling the electrochemical device comprises altering a rate at which the feed stream is flowed through the electrochemical device.
16 . The method of claim 13 , wherein controlling the electrochemical device comprises altering a rate at which at least one of the acid stream and the base stream is flowed through the electrochemical device.
17 . The method of claim 13 , wherein controlling the electrochemical device comprises diluting at least a portion of the base stream.
18 . The method of claim 9 , wherein the electrical potential is supplied by at least one of solar power, wind power, and tidal power.
19 . The method of claim 9 , wherein a rate at which the base stream is output proximate the aqueous restoration area and a rate of restoration activity combine to result in a net carbon neutral or a net carbon negative, or a net carbon capture generation.