Putting biofeedback system that analyzes motion data
A system that analyzes motion of a putter and provides feedback to the golfer as a training aid to guide the golfer towards making better putting strokes. The putter may be equipped with an inertial motion sensor that captures data throughout a stroke; data may be transmitted to a processor, such as a mobile device or a server, for analysis, and feedback signals may be sent to the golfer throughout the stroke based on this analysis. For example, audio tones (generated for example by a mobile phone) may change depending on whether the putting stroke has the desired characteristics. The system may support different operating modes that provide feedback on different putting features. Illustrative modes may for example provide feedback on the putter orientation at address, on the timing of the backstroke, and on the changes in putter face orientation through the stroke.
1. A putting biofeedback system that analyzes motion data, comprising:
an inertial motion sensor package coupled to a putter, said inertial motion sensor package comprising
an accelerometer;
a gyroscope; and
a network interface;
wherein said inertial motion sensor package is configured to
capture inertial sensor data during a putting session movement wherein a user performs one or more putt strokes with said putter; and,
stream said inertial sensor data over said network interface continuously as said inertial sensor data is captured such that said inertial sensor data is streamed from said inertial motion sensor package immediately after said inertial sensor data is captured;
a feedback signal generator configured to transmit a feedback signal to said user;
a processor coupled to said inertial motion sensor package via a network connection, and
coupled to said feedback signal generator, wherein said processor is configured to receive said inertial sensor data that is transmitted from said inertial motion sensor package;
determine a starting time of a putt stroke from said inertial sensor data;
calculate one or more putt stroke metrics from said inertial sensor data;
calculate a feedback signal value from said one or more putt stroke metrics; and,
transmit said feedback signal value to said feedback signal generator;
wherein said feedback signal generator transmits said feedback signal to said user based on said feedback signal value received from said processor,
wherein said feedback signal comprises one or more of audio, vibration, lights, visual displays and temperature,
wherein said feedback signal generator varies said feedback signal depending on said feedback signal value received from said processor,
such that characteristics of said feedback signal vary based on one or more deviations from a desired output of said one or more putt stroke metrics,
wherein, since said inertial sensor data is streamed continuously from said inertial motion sensor package to said processor and said inertial sensor data is analyzed incrementally as it is received, said feedback signal changes as soon as said one or more deviations occur,
such that a high sampling rate by said inertial motion sensor package reduces a lag between a change in the putting session movement and a resulting change in the feedback signal,
such that said feedback signal changes discretely from a positive signal when the one or more putt stroke metrics are within desired limits to a negative signal when the one or more putt stroke metrics are outside said desired limits, and
such that as soon as said one or more deviations occur, indicating that the user made an error or that a correction is needed, said feedback signal is immediately transmitted to said user as a feedback loop, wherein said feedback loop is configured to enhance a learning cycle for putting by said user.
2. The putting biofeedback system that analyzes motion data of claim 1 , wherein said processor is further configured to calculate said feedback signal value and to transmit said feedback signal value to said feedback signal generator at a plurality of times during said putt stroke that are before an ending time of said putt stroke.
3. The putting biofeedback system that analyzes motion data of claim 1 , wherein said processor and said feedback signal generator are integrated into a mobile device used by said user.
4. The putting biofeedback system that analyzes motion data of claim 1 , wherein said accelerometer comprises a three axis accelerometer;
said gyroscope comprises a three axis gyroscope; and,
said network interface comprises a wireless network interface.
5. The putting biofeedback system that analyzes motion data of claim 1 , wherein said feedback signal generator comprises a speaker;
said feedback signal comprises an audio output from said speaker; and,
said feedback signal value comprises one or more of a pitch and a volume of said audio output.
6. The putting biofeedback system that analyzes motion data of claim 1 , wherein said one or more putt stroke metrics comprise a duration of a backstroke comprising an elapsed time between said starting time of said putt stroke and a current time during said putt stroke; and,
said calculate said feedback signal value comprises
when said duration of said backstroke equals or exceeds a target backstroke duration, set said feedback signal value to a stop backstroke value.
7. The putting biofeedback system that analyzes motion data of claim 1 , wherein said one or more putt stroke metrics comprise a putter orientation at address; and, said feedback signal value is based on a difference between said putter orientation at address and
an ideal putter orientation at address.
8. The putting biofeedback system that analyzes motion data of claim 1 , wherein said one or more putt stroke metrics comprise
a distance travelled by a face of said putter since said starting time of said putt stroke; and
a change in orientation of said face of said putter since said starting time of said putt stroke;
said calculate said feedback signal value comprises
when said change in orientation of said face of said putter is within a target face orientation range that is a function of said distance travelled by said face of said putter, set said feedback signal value to an on track value; and,
when said change in orientation of said face of said putter is not within said target face orientation range, set said feedback signal value to an off track value that differs from said on track value.
9. The putting biofeedback system that analyzes motion data of claim 1 , wherein said processor is configured to be in a feedback mode selected from a plurality of feedback modes; and,
said calculate said feedback signal value from said one or more putt stroke metrics is a function of said feedback mode.
10. The putting biofeedback system that analyzes motion data of claim 9 , wherein said plurality of feedback modes comprises
a backstroke timing feedback mode;
an orientation at address feedback mode; and,
a putter trajectory feedback mode.
11. The putting biofeedback system that analyzes motion data of claim 10 , wherein when said feedback mode is said backstroke timing feedback mode,
said one or more putt stroke metrics comprise a duration of a backstroke comprising an elapsed time between said starting time of said putt stroke and a current time during said putt stroke; and,
said calculate said feedback signal value comprises
when said duration of said backstroke equals or exceeds a target backstroke duration, set said feedback signal value to a stop backstroke value;
when said feedback mode is said orientation at address feedback mode,
said one or more putt stroke metrics comprise a putter orientation at address; and,
said feedback signal value is based on a difference between said putter orientation at address and an ideal putter orientation at address;
when said feedback mode is said putter trajectory feedback mode,
said one or more putt stroke metrics comprise
a distance travelled by a face of said putter since said starting time of said putt stroke; and
a change in orientation of said face of said putter since said starting time of said putt stroke;
said calculate said feedback signal value comprises
when said change in orientation of said face of said putter is within a target face orientation range that is a function of said distance travelled by said face of said putter, set said feedback signal value to an on track value; and,
when said change in orientation of said face of said putter is not within said target face orientation range, set said feedback signal value to an off track value that differs from said on track value.
12. The putting biofeedback system that analyzes motion data of claim 11 , wherein said processor is further configured to calculate said feedback signal value and to transmit said feedback signal value to said feedback signal generator at a plurality of times during said putt stroke that are before an ending time of said putt stroke;
said processor and said feedback signal generator are integrated into a mobile device used by said user;
said accelerometer comprises a three axis accelerometer;
said gyroscope comprises a three axis gyroscope;
said network interface comprises a wireless network interface;
said feedback signal generator comprises a speaker;
said feedback signal comprises an audio output from said speaker; and,
said feedback signal value comprises one or more of a pitch and a volume of said audio output.