Process for forming a coating
A process for forming a coating on a substrate including atomizing a formulation and applying the formulation to a substrate to form a coating on a substrate.
1. A process for forming a coating on a substrate, the process comprising,
(a) providing a substrate having a substrate surface;
(b) providing a formulation comprising a halogenated alkyl silane and a solvent;
(c) atomizing the formulation with a nozzle at an atomization pressure of about 150 kPa to about 300 kPa and at a flow rate of about 1 ml/min to about 50 ml/min to form an atomized formulation; and
(d) applying the atomized formulation to the substrate surface at a distance of about 8 cm to about 50 cm from the nozzle,
wherein the coating has a water contact angle less than 100°; and
wherein the halogenated alkyl silane is of the formula
(R A ) 3 SiR B ,
wherein each R A is independently —OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, —OC 2 -C 6 alkenyl, or —OC 2 -C 6 alkynyl; and
R B is C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 2 -C 20 alkenyl, or C 2 -C 20 alkynyl.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the substrate comprises glass, anti-reflective coated glass, adhesion-primed glass, metal, coated metal, plastic, or coated plastic.
3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the coating is about 0.1 nm to about 500 nm thick.
4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the coating is about 0.1 nm to about 100 nm thick.
5. The process of claim 1 , the coating is about 0.1 nm to about 30 nm thick.
6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the coating has a diiodomethane contact angle of less than 50°.
7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the coating has a diiodomethane contact angle of about 25° to about 45°.
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the water contact angle is greater than 65°.
9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the coating maintains a water contact angle above 50 degrees after 3,000 cycles of eraser abrasion.
10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the halogenated alkyl silane is present in the formulation at about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of the formulation.
11. The process of claim 1 , wherein the halogenated alkyl silane is present in the formulation at about 0.1% to about 5% by weight of the formulation.
12. The process of claim 1 , wherein the halogenated alkyl silane is present in the formulation at about 0.1% to about 1% by weight of the formulation.
13. The process of claim 1 , wherein the step of providing is performed at a flow rate of about 5 ml/min to about 20 ml/min.
14. The process of claim 1 , wherein the step of providing is performed at a flow rate of about 8 ml/min to about 15 ml/min.
15. The process of claim 1 , wherein the solvent comprises an alcohol.
16. The process of claim 1 , wherein the solvent is ethanol.