Real-time RIC architecture for open RAN networks
A system for providing real-time services and functions in an Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) architecture, includes: a first physical node comprising at least one first processor configured to execute instructions to implement an O-RAN centralized unit (O-CU); at least one second physical node comprising at least one second processor configured to execute instructions to implement: an O-RAN distributed unit (O-DU), and a real-time (RT) RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) connected to the O-DU via an interface terminating at the RT RIC and having a latency of less than 10 ms; an O-RAN radio unit (O-RU); at least one third physical node comprising at least one third processor configured to execute instructions to implement a non-real-time (Non-RT) RIC operating at a time scale of greater than 1 second; and at least one fourth physical node including at least one fourth processor configured to execute instructions to implement a near-real-time (Near-RT) RIC operating at a time scale of 10 ms to 1 second, wherein the RT RIC is a software platform configured to host applications for controlling at least the O-DU over a real-time control loop with a latency of less than 10 ms.
1 . An apparatus for implementing a Real-Time (RT) Radio Access Network (RAN) Intelligent Controller (RT RIC) in an Open RAN (O-RAN) system, the apparatus comprising:
memory storing instructions; and
at least one processor configured to execute the instructions to:
connect to an O-RAN distributed unit (O-DU) over an interface; and
host one or more applications for controlling, via the interface, at least the O-DU over a real-time control loop with a latency of less than 10 ms,
wherein the at least one processor is further configured to execute the instructions to connect to at least one of:
a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) framework for managing and orchestrating RAN elements, via a first interface that terminates at the RT RIC and at the SMO framework;
a Non-RT RIC via a second interface that terminates at the RT RIC and at the Non-RT RIC; and
a Near-RT RIC via a third interface that terminates at the RT RIC and at the Near-RT RIC, the Near RT-RIC and Non-RT RIC being distinct, and the first interface, the second interface, and the third interface each being distinct from an E2 interface.
2 . The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one processor is further configured to execute the instructions to connect, over the first interface, to the Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) framework for managing and orchestrating RAN elements, in order to implement at least one management service.
3 . The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one processor is further configured to execute the instructions to:
obtain, from the Non-RT RIC via the second interface, at least one of policy-based guidance, machine learning (ML) management, and enrichment information for optimizing the O-RAN system.
4 . The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one processor is further configured to execute the instructions to:
obtain, from the Near-RT RIC via the third interface, at least one of policy-based guidance, machine learning (ML) management, and enrichment information for optimizing the O-RAN system.
5 . The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one processor is further configured to execute the instructions to perform at least one of report, insert, control, and policy services with respect to the O-DU via the interface.
6 . The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one processor is further configured to execute the instructions to perform at least one of interface management and service update functions with respect to the O-DU via the interface.
7 . The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one processor is further configured to execute the instructions to host at least one application to integrate at least one Artificial Intelligence (AI)/Machine Learning (ML) model to Radio Resource Management (RRM) functions of the O-DU to make decisions and/or inferences in real-time.
8 . The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one processor is further configured to execute the instructions to host at least one application for utilizing a MAC scheduler of the O-DU in real-time.