Non-metallic subsea skid apparatus and methods
A subsea skid ( 100 ) includes a plurality of skid tubes ( 101 - 112 ), and a plurality of skid joints ( 130 - 135 ) coupled between the plurality of skid tubes ( 101 - 112 ). The plurality of skid tubes ( 101 - 112 ) and the plurality of skid joints ( 130 - 135 ) form a frame. The plurality of skid tubes ( 101 - 112 ) and the plurality of skid joints ( 130 - 135 ) are each formed of a non-metallic material.
1. A subsea skid comprising:
a plurality of skid tubes; and
a plurality of skid joints coupled between the plurality of skid tubes, the plurality of skid tubes and the plurality of skid joints forming a frame, wherein the plurality of skid tubes and the plurality of skid joints are each formed of a non-metallic material,
wherein each of the plurality of skid joints comprises two or more legs, and each of the two or more legs of each skid joint comprises a cure joint comprising bonding material disposed between a circumferential inner surface of each of the two or more legs and a circumferential outer surface located on an end portion of one of the plurality of skid tubes,
wherein a plurality of padeye plates are formed on outer surfaces of the plurality of skid joints, and
wherein the plurality of skid joints comprises a plurality of support joints, each support joint comprising a support flange formed therein, and further comprising a valve string comprising a plurality of flanges fastened to the support flange of each support joint of the plurality of support joints.
2. The subsea skid of claim 1 , wherein each skid joint of the plurality of skid joints comprises a plurality of sections cured together to form the respective skid joint, and each section of the plurality of sections comprises one or more curved portions and two or more planar flange portions extending relative to the one or more curved portions.
3. The subsea skid of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of skid tubes comprise a plurality of horizontal tubes, a plurality of vertical tubes, and a plurality of angled tubes.
4. The subsea skid of claim 3 , wherein the frame comprises a rectangular pattern having four corners and four sides, and two trapezoidal patterns disposed outwardly of two opposing sides of the four sides of the rectangular pattern, and the plurality of padeye plates are formed on outer surfaces of four skid joints of the plurality of skid joints that are disposed, respectively, at the four corners of the rectangular pattern.
5. The subsea skid of claim 4 , wherein each of the plurality of skid tubes and each of the plurality of skid joints comprises a tube wall thickness, and the tube wall thickness is within a range of 8 mm to 12 mm.
6. The subsea skid of claim 4 , wherein each of the plurality of skid tubes and each of the plurality of skid joints comprises one or more tube portions, and the one or more tube portions comprise one or more filament wound carbon fiber tubes.
7. The subsea skid of claim 1 , wherein the non-metallic material comprises carbon.
8. The subsea skid of claim 1 , wherein the non-metallic material is a composite material.
9. The subsea skid of claim 1 , wherein the non-metallic material comprises carbon fiber.
10. The subsea skid of claim 1 , wherein the non-metallic material is polymeric.
11. The subsea skid of claim 1 , wherein the non-metallic material comprises glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) and carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP).
12. A subsea skid comprising:
a plurality of skid tubes comprising a plurality of horizontal tubes, a plurality of vertical tubes, and a plurality of angled tubes; and
a plurality of skid joints coupled between the plurality of skid tubes, the plurality of skid tubes and the plurality of skid joints forming a frame, wherein the frame comprises a rectangular pattern having four corners and four sides, and two trapezoidal patterns disposed outwardly of two opposing sides of the four sides of the rectangular pattern, and a plurality of padeye plates are formed on outer surfaces of four skid joints of the plurality of skid joints that are disposed, respectively, at the four corners of the rectangular pattern, and wherein the plurality of skid tubes and the plurality of skid joints are each formed of a non-metallic material,
wherein each of the plurality of skid joints comprises two or more legs, and each of the two or more legs of each skid joint comprises a cure joint comprising bonding material disposed between a circumferential inner surface of each of the two or more legs and a circumferential outer surface located on an end portion of one of the plurality of skid tubes,
wherein each of the plurality of skid tubes and each of the plurality of skid joints comprises one or more tube portions, and the one or more tube portions comprise one or more filament wound carbon fiber tubes, and
wherein each of the one or more filament wound carbon fiber tubes comprises a layup of plies that is wound at an angle within a range of −45 degrees to 45 degrees.
13. The subsea skid of claim 12 , wherein each of the one or more filament wound carbon fiber tubes comprises a layup of plies that is wound at an angle within a range of −10 degrees to 10 degrees.
14. A method of forming a subsea skid, the method comprising:
disposing a circumferential outer surface located on an end portion of one skid tube of a plurality of skid tubes in a circumferential inner surface of a leg of a plurality of legs of a plurality of skid joints to arrange the plurality of skid tubes and the plurality of skid joints as a frame, wherein a bonding agent is disposed between the circumferential inner surface of each of the plurality of legs and the circumferential outer surface located on an end portion of one of the plurality of skid tubes, and wherein each of the plurality of skid joints and the plurality of skid tubes is formed of a non-metallic material;
curing the bonding agent disposed between the circumferential inner surface of each of the plurality of legs and the circumferential outer surface located on an end portion of one of the plurality of skid tubes by heating the portions of the plurality of skid tubes and the legs of the plurality of skid joints to a temperature of 60° C. to 120° C.; and
fastening a plurality of flanges of a valve string to a plurality of support flanges of the plurality of skid joints, wherein each of the plurality of skid tubes and each of the plurality of skid joints comprises one or more tube portions, and the one or more tube portions comprise one or more filament wound carbon fiber tubes.