IP Library › Granted Patent US 12,560,836
Granted Patent B2
US 12,560,836 · App. 17/931,231 · Granted Feb 24, 2026

Switchable light-collimating layer with improved transmittance

Inventors: Xiaolong Zheng (Fremont, CA); HongMei Zang (Fremont, CA); Yih-Ming Kang (Fremont, CA); Stephen J. Telfer (Arlington, MA)
Assignee: E Ink Corporation
G02F1/133504G02B27/30G02F1/13338G02F1/133606G02F1/292
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Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,560,836
App. No.
17/931,231
Granted
Feb 24, 2026
Kind
B2
Abstract

A light-collimating film including elongated chambers of bistable electrophoretic fluids. The light-collimating films are suitable to control the amount and/or direction of light incident to a transmissive substrate. Such films may be integrated into devices, such as LCD displays, to provide a zone of privacy for a user viewing the LCD display. Because the light-collimating film is switchable, it allows a user to alter the collimation of the emitted light on demand. Because the films are bistable, they do not require additional power after they have been switched to a display state.

Claims (39)

1 . A switchable light-collimating film comprising:

a first light-transmissive electrode layer;

a collimating layer having a thickness of at least 20 μm, and comprising a plurality of elongated chambers arranged in rows and columns, each elongated chamber having a length and a width, wherein the length of each elongated chamber is a longer dimension than the width, wherein the length of each elongated chamber runs in a row direction and the width of each elongated chamber runs in a column direction, and wherein, and wherein each elongated chamber having a closed end and an open end, wherein the closed end and the open end of each elongated chamber are disposed on opposite ends of the elongated chamber;

a bistable electrophoretic fluid comprising pigment particles disposed in each elongated chamber;

a sealing layer that seals the bistable electrophoretic fluid within at least one of the plurality of elongated chambers by spanning the open end of the elongated chamber; and

a second light-transmissive electrode layer comprising a plurality of segmented electrodes,

wherein the first and second light-transmissive electrode layers are disposed on opposite sides of the collimating layer,

wherein the plurality of segmented electrodes comprises at least two interdigitated electrodes arranged in patterned strips, and

wherein at least three patterned strips of the plurality of segmented electrodes extend across each elongated chamber in the column direction.

2 . The switchable light-collimating film of claim 1 wherein the collimating layer further comprises a plurality of gaps, each of the plurality of gaps separating adjacent elongated chambers.

3 . The switchable light-collimating film of claim 1 wherein adjacent segmented electrodes are configured to be driven to an opposite electrical potential from each other.

4 . The switchable light-collimating film of claim 1 wherein each of the plurality of segmented electrodes is independently addressable.

5 . The switchable light-collimating film of claim 1 wherein the closed end of each elongated chamber comprises a plurality of micropits and a plurality of voids, each of the plurality of voids separating adjacent micropits.

6 . The switchable light-collimating film of claim 5 wherein the plurality of segmented electrodes are positioned adjacent to the plurality of voids separating adjacent micropits.

7 . The switchable light-collimating film of claim 5 wherein the plurality of micropits have a cube shape, a pyramid shape, or a trapezoidal shape.

8 . The switchable light-collimating film of claim 5 wherein the plurality of micropits are continuous structures that each extend across substantially the entirety of the elongated chambers in a first direction.

9 . The switchable light-collimating film of claim 1 wherein each elongated chamber comprises a taper structure, wherein a width of the open end of each elongated chamber is larger than a width of its closed end.

10 . The switchable light-collimating film of claim 1 further comprising a light-reflective surface aligned with the opening of each elongated chamber, wherein the light-reflective surface does not substantially overlap with the portion of the collimating layer between elongated chambers.

11 . The switchable light-collimating film of claim 10 wherein the light- reflective surface contacts the bistable electrophoretic fluid.

12 . A display comprising:

a light source;

a switchable light-collimating film comprising:

a first light-transmissive electrode layer;

a collimating layer having a thickness of at least 20 μm, and comprising a plurality of elongated chambers with a portion of collimating layer between elongated chambers arranged in rows and columns, each elongated chamber having a length and a width, wherein the length of each elongated chamber is a longer dimension than the width, wherein the length of each elongated chamber runs in a row direction and the width of each elongated chamber runs in a column direction, and wherein, and wherein each elongated chamber having a closed end and an open end;

a bistable electrophoretic fluid comprising pigment particles disposed in each elongated chamber;

a sealing layer that seals the bistable electrophoretic fluid within an elongated chamber by spanning the opening;

a second light-transmissive electrode layer comprising a plurality of segmented electrodes, wherein the first and second light, transmissive electrode layers are disposed on either side of the collimating layer,

wherein the plurality of segmented electrodes comprises at least two interdigitated electrodes arranged in patterned strips, and

wherein at least three patterned strips of the plurality of segmented electrodes extend across each elongated chamber in the column direction;

an active matrix of thin film transistors;

a liquid crystal layer; and

a color filter array.

13 . The display of claim 12 wherein the collimating layer further comprises a plurality of gaps, each of the plurality of gaps separating adjacent elongated chambers.

14 . The display of claim 12 wherein the closed end of each elongated chamber comprises a plurality of micropits and a plurality of voids, each of the plurality of voids separating adjacent micropits.

15 . The display of claim 14 wherein the plurality of micropits have a cube shape, a pyramid shape, or a trapezoidal shape.

16 . The display of claim 14 wherein the plurality of micropits are continuous structures that each extend across substantially the entirety of the elongated chambers in a first direction.

17 . The display of claim 12 wherein each elongated chamber comprises a taper structure, wherein a width of the open end of each elongated chamber is larger than a width of its closed end.

18 . The display of claim 12 further comprising a light-reflective surface aligned with the opening of each elongated chamber, wherein the light-reflective surface does not substantially overlap with the portion of the collimating layer between elongated chambers.

19 . The display of claim 18 wherein the light-reflective surface contacts the bistable electrophoretic fluid.

Assignments (2)
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Oct 4, 2023
From: E INK CALIFORNIA, LLC
To: E INK CORPORATION
Reel/Frame 065123/0578 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Dec 6, 2022
From: ZHENG, XIAOLONG; ZANG, HONGMEI; KANG, YIH-MING; TELFER, STEPHEN J.
To: E INK CALIFORNIA,LLC
Reel/Frame 061998/0177 →
Continuity (2)
Provisional Application 63244859 · Sep 16, 2021
Related Publication 20230080781A1 · Mar 16, 2023
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