Delivering tumor treating fields (TTFields) using implantable transducer arrays
Tumor treating fields (TTFields) can be delivered by implanting a plurality of sets of implantable electrode elements within a person's body. Temperature sensors positioned to measure the temperature at the electrode elements are also implanted, along with a circuit that collects temperature measurements from the temperature sensors. In some embodiments, an AC voltage generator configured to apply an AC voltage across the plurality of sets of electrode elements is also implanted within the person's body.
1. An apparatus for delivering tumor treating fields, the apparatus comprising:
a plurality of sets of electrode elements that are configured to impose tumor treating fields in a treatment area of a person's body, wherein each of the sets of electrode elements is configured for implantation within the person's body;
a plurality of temperature sensors configured for implantation within the person's body and positioned with respect to the sets of electrode elements to measure a temperature at each of the sets of electrode elements;
a circuit configured for implantation within the person's body configured for collecting temperature measurements from the plurality of temperature sensors; and
an AC voltage generator configured to apply an AC voltage across the plurality of sets of electrode elements and control a current that is applied to the plurality of sets of electrode elements based on signals from the plurality of temperature sensors so that the electrode elements do not overheat.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each of the sets of electrode elements comprises a plurality of capacitively coupled electrode elements, and wherein each of the electrode elements comprises a conductive plate with a flat face, with a dielectric layer disposed on the flat face of the conductive plate.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each of the temperature sensors comprises a thermistor.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of sets of electrode elements, the plurality of temperature sensors, and the circuit are all implanted in the person's body, but the AC voltage generator is not implanted in the person's body.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each of one or more electrode elements in each of the sets of electrode elements is associated with a respective one of the temperature sensors.
6. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the AC voltage generator is configured to control a current that is applied to each individual electrode element based on signals from the plurality of temperature sensors so that the electrode elements do not overheat.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each of the electrode elements is associated with a respective one of the temperature sensors.
8. An apparatus for delivering tumor treating fields, the apparatus comprising:
a plurality of sets of electrode elements that are configured to impose tumor treating fields in a treatment area of a person's body, wherein each of the sets of electrode elements is configured for implantation within the person's body;
a plurality of temperature sensors configured for implantation within the person's body and positioned to measure a temperature at each of the sets of electrode elements; and
an AC voltage generator configured to apply an AC voltage across the plurality of sets of electrode elements and control a current that is applied to the plurality of sets of electrode elements based on signals from the plurality of temperature sensors so that the electrode elements do not overheat.
9. The apparatus of claim 8 , wherein each of the sets of electrode elements comprises a plurality of capacitively coupled electrode elements, and wherein each of the electrode elements comprises a conductive plate with a flat face, with a dielectric layer disposed on the flat face of the conductive plate.
10. The apparatus of claim 8 , wherein each of the temperature sensors comprises a thermistor.
11. The apparatus of claim 8 , wherein the plurality of sets of electrode elements and the plurality of temperature sensors are implanted in the person's body, but the AC voltage generator is not implanted in the person's body.
12. The apparatus of claim 8 , wherein each of one or more electrode elements in each of the sets of electrode elements is associated with a respective one of the temperature sensors.
13. The apparatus of claim 12 , wherein the AC voltage generator is configured to control a current that is applied to each individual electrode element based on signals from the plurality of temperature sensors so that the electrode elements do not overheat.
14. The apparatus of claim 8 , wherein each of the electrode elements is associated with a respective one of the temperature sensors.