Cables having buffer elements formed with two-dimensional fillers
Cables having buffer elements formed with two-dimensional fillers are described. A cable may include at least one optical fiber, and a buffer element may be formed around the at least one optical fiber. The buffer element may be formed from a material that includes a polyolefin resin, a filler added to the polyolefin resin that includes a plurality of two-dimensional particles, and a compatibilizer. A jacket may be formed around the at least one optical fiber and the buffer element.
1. A cable comprising:
at least one optical fiber; and
a buffer element formed around the at least one optical fiber, the buffer element formed from a material comprising:
a polyolefin resin;
a filler added to the polyolefin resin and comprising a plurality of two-dimensional particles oriented in a longitudinal direction of the buffer element, the two-dimensional particles having respective aspect ratios of at least 10, wherein the aspect ratio of a particle is a ratio of a longest dimension of the particle taken along a surface area of the particle relative to a thickness of the particle in a dimension perpendicular to the surface area; and
a compatibilizer combined with the polyolefin resin and the filler; and
a jacket formed around the at least one optical fiber and the buffer element.
2. The cable of claim 1 , wherein the polyolefin resin comprises at least one of polypropylene, polyethylene, or a co-polymer of polypropylene and polyethylene.
3. The cable of claim 1 , wherein the filler comprises between 0.1 percent and percent by weight of the material.
4. The cable of claim 1 , wherein the filler comprises at least one of (i) layered silicates (ii) exfoliated silicate platelets, (iii) nanographene platelets, (iv) graphite oxide, (v) double hydroxide tactoids, (vi) metal oxide nanosheets, or (vii) carbon nanowalls.
5. The cable of claim 1 , wherein the two-dimensional particles comprise layered particles.
6. The cable of claim 1 , wherein the filler comprises a first filler, and wherein the material further comprises a second filler comprising at least one of (i) components in the shape of tubes or (ii) components in the shape of fibers.
7. The cable of claim 1 , wherein the compatibilizer comprises between 0.1 percent and 20.0 percent by weight of the material.
8. The cable of claim 1 , wherein the compatibilizer comprises one of (i) polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride or (ii) polyethylene grafted maleic anhydride.
9. The cable of claim 1 , wherein the material further comprises a nucleating agent added to the polyolefin resin.
10. The cable of claim 1 , wherein the compatibilizer comprises an amphiphilic compatibilizer.
11. The cable of claim 1 , wherein the buffer element comprises one of (i) a tight-buffer layer or (ii) a loose buffer tube.
12. A cable comprising:
at least one optical fiber; and
a buffer element formed around the at least one optical fiber, the buffer element formed from a material comprising:
a polyolefin resin;
a filler added to the polyolefin resin and comprising a plurality of two-dimensional particles oriented in a longitudinal direction of the buffer element; and
a compatibilizer combined with the polyolefin resin and the filler, the compatibilizer comprising between 0.1 percent and 20.0 percent by weight of the material; and
a jacket formed around the at least one optical fiber and the buffer element.
13. The cable of claim 12 , wherein the polyolefin resin comprises at least one of polypropylene, polyethylene, or a co-polymer of polypropylene and polyethylene.
14. The cable of claim 12 , wherein the material further comprises a nucleating agent added to the polyolefin resin.
15. The cable of claim 12 , wherein the filler comprises between 0.1 percent and 10.0 percent by weight of the material.
16. The cable of claim 12 , wherein the two-dimensional particles comprise particles having respective aspect ratios of at least 10, wherein the aspect ratio of a particle is a ratio of a longest dimension of the particle taken along a surface area of the particle relative to a thickness of the particle in a dimension perpendicular to the surface area.
17. The cable of claim 12 , wherein the filler comprises at least one of (i) layered silicates (ii) exfoliated silicate platelets, (iii) nanographene platelets, (iv) graphite oxide, (v) double hydroxide tactoids, (vi) metal oxide nanosheets, or (vii) carbon nanowalls.
18. The cable of claim 12 , wherein the two-dimensional particles comprise layered particles.
19. The cable of claim 12 , wherein the filler comprises a first filler, and wherein the material further comprises a second filler comprising at least one of (i) components in the shape of tubes or (ii) components in the shape of fibers.
20. The cable of claim 12 , wherein the compatibilizer comprises one of (i) polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride or (ii) polyethylene grafted maleic anhydride.