Light emitting diode arrays with a light-emitting pixel area
A light emitting diode (LED) array comprises non-segmented pixels in a light-emitting pixel area providing optical efficiency and minimizing dark-grid appearance. The LED array comprises: a monolithic body, a light-emitting pixel area, a plurality of anodes, a common cathode, and one or more dielectric materials. The light-emitting pixel area is integral to the monolithic body. The light-emitting pixel area includes semiconductor layers comprising: a second portion of an N-type layer, an active region, and a P-type layer. The monolithic body comprises a first portion of an N-type layer, and the second portion of the N-type layer is integral to the first portion of the N-type layer. Each anode comprises a P-contact layer and one or more P-contact materials, each P-contact layer is in contact with the P-type layer. The common cathode comprises one or more N-contact materials in contact with the first portion of the N-type layer.
1. A light emitting diode (LED) array comprising:
a light-emitting pixel area integral to a monolithic body, the light-emitting pixel area including semiconductor layers comprising: a second portion of an N-type layer, an active region, and a P-type layer;
the monolithic body comprising a first portion of an N-type layer, the second portion of the N-type layer being integral to the first portion of the N-type layer;
a plurality of anodes, each anode comprising a P-contact layer and one or more P-contact materials, each P-contact layer being in contact with the P-type layer;
a common cathode comprising one or more N-contact materials in contact with the first portion of the N-type layer;
one or more dielectric materials insulating: the second portion of the N-type layer, the active region, and the P-type layer from the common cathode; the plurality of anodes from each other; and the plurality of anodes from the common cathode.
2. The light emitting diode (LED) array of claim 1 , wherein the P-contact layer of each of the anodes comprises an anode current spreading layer and a reflective layer.
3. The light emitting diode (LED) array of claim 1 , wherein each of the anodes comprises one or more via openings defined by via dielectric material.
4. The light emitting diode (LED) array of claim 1 further comprising cathode metallization bumps on accessible portions of the N-contact materials, and anode metallization bumps on accessible portions of the P-contact materials, wherein the cathode metallization bumps and the anode metallization bumps are on the same side of the semiconductor layers.
5. The light emitting diode (LED) array of claim 1 further comprising a body current spreading layer contacting the first portion of the N-type layer on a surface opposite from the common cathode.
6. The light emitting diode (LED) array of claim 5 further comprising a device substrate and a body bonding layer contacting the device substrate and the body current spreading layer on a surface opposite from the first portion of the N-type layer.
7. The light emitting diode (LED) array of claim 1 , wherein the common cathode comprises a first edge cathode along a first side of the light-emitting pixel area and a second edge cathode along a second side of the light-emitting pixel area opposite the first side of the light-emitting pixel area.
8. The light emitting diode (LED) array of claim 7 , wherein the common cathode further comprises a third edge cathode along a third side of the light-emitting pixel area and a fourth edge cathode along a fourth side of the light-emitting pixel area opposite the third side of the light-emitting pixel area.
9. The light emitting diode (LED) array of claim 1 , wherein in use the light-emitting pixel area is effective to minimize appearance of pixilation.
10. The light emitting diode (LED) array of claim 1 , wherein the anodes are individually addressable.
11. The light emitting diode (LED) array of claim 1 , wherein in use the semiconductor layers are effective to deliver a single color.
12. A display comprising: a plurality of light emitting diode (LED) arrays according to claim 1 affixed to a device substrate, wherein a first plurality of arrays comprises a red color, a second plurality of arrays comprises a blue color, and a third plurality of arrays comprises a green color.