METHODS FOR TREATING ABNORMAL GROWTHS IN THE BODY USING A FLOW REDUCING IMPLANT
A flow reducing implant for reducing blood flow in a blood vessel having a cross sectional dimension, the flow reducing implant comprising a hollow element adapted for placement in the blood vessel defining a flow passage therethrough, said flow passage comprising at least two sections, one with a larger diameter and one with a smaller diameter, wherein said smaller diameter is smaller than a cross section of the blood vessel. A plurality of tabs anchor, generally parallel to the blood vessel wall, are provided in some embodiments of the invention.
1 . (canceled)
2 . A radially expandable implantable device comprising:
a narrowed section having inlet and outlet ends and defining a flow passage therethrough; and
a flared section connected to the inlet end of the narrowed section, wherein:
the device is configured to engage a wall of and to modify blood flow through a blood vessel in an expanded configuration; and
a size of the narrowed section and a size of the flared section are selected to generate a pressure differential across the device sufficient to increase blood flow to a. region of ischemia fluidically connected to the blood vessel.
3 . The device of claim 2 , wherein a ratio of a cross-sectional area of the narrowed section to a cross-sectional area of the flared section is selected to generate the pressure differential across the device sufficient to increase blood flow to the region of ischemia.
4 . The device of claim 3 , wherein the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the narrowed section to the cross-sectional area of the flared section is in a range from approximately 0.2 to approximately 0.9.
5 . The device of claim 2 , wherein an inner diameter of the narrowed section and a maximum inner diameter of the flared section are selected to generate the pressure differential across the device sufficient to increase blood flow to the region of ischemia.
6 . The device of claim 5 , wherein:
the inner diameter of the narrowed section is in a range from approximately 1 mm to approximately 10 mm; and
the maximum inner diameter of the flared section is in a range from approximately 2 mm to approximately 30 mm.
7 . The device of claim 2 , wherein the device is coated with a material that promotes tissue ingrowth.
8 . The device of claim 2 , wherein the narrowed section is configured to decrease blood flow through the blood vessel. (New) The device of claim 8 , wherein the blood vessel is a coronary sinus.
10 . The device of claim 9 , wherein the decrease in the blood flow through the coronary sinus and associated pressure differential across the device is sufficient to cause angiogenesis.
11 . The device of claim 2 , wherein:
the flared section comprises a first portion and a second portion between the first portion and the inlet end of the narrowed section;
the first portion has a substantially constant diameter; and
the second portion and having a diameter that decreases from the first portion to the narrowed section.
12 . The device of claim 11 , wherein the diameter of the second portion decreases continuously from the first portion to the narrowed section.
13 . The device of claim 2 , wherein the flared section is a first flared section and further comprising a second flared section connected to the outlet end of the narrowed section.
14 . The device of claim 13 , wherein:
the second flared section comprises a first portion and a second portion;
the first portion is between the narrowed section and the second portion;
the first portion has a diameter that increases from the outlet end of the narrowed section to the second portion; and
the second portion has a substantially constant diameter
15 . The device of claim 14 , wherein the diameter of the first portion increases continuously from the throat to the second section.
16 . The device of claim 2 , further comprising a plurality of apertures in the flared section and the narrowed section.
17 . The device of claim 16 , wherein the plurality of apertures have a configuration that provides a greater stiffness to the narrowed section than the flared section.
18 . The device of claim 16 . wherein the plurality of apertures have a configuration that allows the flared section to expand to a diameter larger than the narrowed section.
19 . The device of claim 16 , wherein a diameter of the narrowed section is substantially fixed at a size that is predetermined by a configuration of the plurality apertures on the narrowed section.
20 . The device of claim 16 , wherein a length of the plurality of apertures increases as a function of a distance from a center of the narrowed section.