Bone screw inserters and methods
Bone screw drivers are disclosed that apply torque to a threaded shank of a bone screw assembly and receive a cement delivery device to introduce bone cement through the threaded shank. Also disclosed are driver adapters that couple to a driver in order to facilitate application of torque thereto. The driver adapter can decouple from the driver after implanting a bone screw shank to allow the subsequent use of a cement delivery device in combination with the driver. The devices can be reusable and can employ a number of additional components, including retaining and counter-torque sleeves, driving handles, etc. Further, the devices can allow setup of a bone screw inserter assembly outside a surgical field, such that a completed assembly can be passed to a surgeon or other user for immediate use.
1. A surgical assembly, comprising:
a driver having a distal tip configured to couple with another component in a manner that prevents rotation therebetween, and a proximal driver body with a lumen extending from the proximal-most end of the driver to the distal-most end of the driver;
a driver adapter having a distal adapter body and a proximal torque-receiving end;
wherein the driver adapter is coupled to the driver such that a portion of the proximal driver body is received within a distal-facing cavity of the distal adapter body;
wherein the driver adapter is configured to impart rotational force to the driver and the distal adapter body includes one or more pivoting latches that interface with a groove formed on the driver to prevent axial separation of the driver and the driver adapter.
2. The assembly of claim 1 , wherein the driver adapter includes a lumen extending from a proximal-most end of the driver adapter to the distal-facing cavity.
3. The assembly of claim 1 , wherein the driver includes one or more flats formed on the proximal driver body that interface with one or more flats formed on an interior surface of the distal-facing cavity of the driver adapter.
4. The assembly of claim 1 , further comprising a retaining sleeve disposed over a portion of the driver.
5. The assembly of claim 4 , wherein the retaining sleeve includes a threaded distal end configured to interface with a bone screw receiver head.
6. The assembly of claim 4 , wherein the retaining sleeve includes a lock configured to prevent separation of the retaining sleeve and driver.
7. The assembly of claim 4 , further comprising a second sleeve disposed over a portion of the retaining sleeve.
8. The assembly of claim 7 , wherein the second sleeve includes a plurality of rigid extensions formed at a distal end thereof configured to be received between portions of a bone screw receiver head.
9. The assembly of claim 7 , wherein the second sleeve includes a plurality of flexible extensions formed at a proximal end thereof configured to deflect and ride over one or more surface features formed on the retaining sleeve.
10. The assembly of claim 7 , wherein the second sleeve is configured to move between a distal position, in which the second sleeve is locked against rotation relative to a bone screw receiver head coupled to the retaining sleeve, and a proximal position, in which the second sleeve can rotate relative to the bone screw receiver head coupled to the retaining sleeve.
11. The assembly of claim 1 , further comprising a driver handle coupled to the proximal torque-receiving end of the driver adapter.
12. The assembly of claim 1 , further comprising a surgical navigation array coupled to the driver adapter.
13. A surgical assembly, comprising:
a driver having a distal tip configured to couple with another component in a manner that prevents rotation therebetween, and a proximal driver body with a lumen extending from the proximal-most end of the driver to the distal-most end of the driver;
a driver adapter having a distal adapter body and a proximal torque-receiving end;
wherein the driver adapter is coupled to the driver such that a portion of the proximal driver body is received within a distal-facing cavity of the distal adapter body;
a retaining sleeve disposed over a portion of the driver; and
a second sleeve disposed over a portion of the retaining sleeve and configured to selectively lock the second sleeve against rotation relative to a bone screw receiver head coupled to the retaining sleeve;
wherein the driver adapter is configured to impart rotational force to the driver and the distal adapter body includes a lock configured to prevent axial separation of the driver and the driver adapter.
14. The assembly of claim 13 , wherein the second sleeve is locked against rotation relative to the bone screw receiver head when in a first position relative to the retaining sleeve and permits rotation relative to the bone screw receiver head when in a second position relative to the retaining sleeve that is proximal to the first position.
15. A surgical assembly, comprising:
a driver having a distal tip configured to couple with another component in a manner that prevents rotation therebetween, and a proximal driver body with a lumen extending from the proximal-most end of the driver to the distal-most end of the driver;
a driver adapter having a distal adapter body and a proximal torque-receiving end;
wherein the driver adapter is coupled to the driver such that a portion of the proximal driver body is received within a distal-facing cavity of the distal adapter body;
a retaining sleeve disposed over a portion of the driver; and
a second sleeve disposed over a portion of the retaining sleeve, the second sleeve including a plurality of rigid extensions formed at a distal end thereof configured to be received between portions of a bone screw receiver head;
wherein the driver adapter is configured to impart rotational force to the driver and the distal adapter body includes a lock configured to prevent axial separation of the driver and the driver adapter.
16. A surgical assembly, comprising:
a driver having a distal tip configured to couple with another component in a manner that prevents rotation therebetween, and a proximal driver body with a lumen extending from the proximal-most end of the driver to the distal-most end of the driver;
a driver adapter having a distal adapter body and a proximal torque-receiving end;
wherein the driver adapter is coupled to the driver such that a portion of the proximal driver body is received within a distal-facing cavity of the distal adapter body;
a retaining sleeve disposed over a portion of the driver; and
a second sleeve disposed over a portion of the retaining sleeve, the second sleeve including a plurality of flexible extensions formed at a proximal end thereof configured to deflect and ride over one or more surface features formed on the retaining sleeve;
wherein the driver adapter is configured to impart rotational force to the driver and the distal adapter body includes a lock configured to prevent axial separation of the driver and the driver adapter.
17. A surgical assembly, comprising:
a driver having a distal tip configured to couple with another component in a manner that prevents rotation therebetween, and a proximal driver body with a lumen extending from the proximal-most end of the driver to the distal-most end of the driver;
a driver adapter having a distal adapter body and a proximal torque-receiving end;
wherein the driver adapter is coupled to the driver such that a portion of the proximal driver body is received within a distal-facing cavity of the distal adapter body; and
wherein a distal-facing surface within the distal-facing cavity includes a protrusion extending distally therefrom that is configured to be received within the lumen of the proximal driver body and impart torque thereto; and
wherein the driver adapter is configured to impart rotational force to the driver and the distal adapter body includes a lock configured to prevent axial separation of the driver and the driver adapter.
18. The device of claim 17 , wherein the protrusion includes one or more flats formed thereon.
19. The device of claim 18 , wherein the protrusion includes a first portion having the one or more flats formed thereon and a second portion extending distal to the first portion and having a diameter less than a diameter of the first portion.