Blockchain for general computation

1. A computer-implemented method comprising:

monitoring a computational task distribution system to detect a challenge to a proposer string provided by a proposer computer system in response to a request made by a requester computer system, the request specifying a computational task and a first digital asset associated with the request, the proposer string indicated by a hash of a solution to the computational task, the proposer string specifying a second digital asset referenced in an input to a proposer transaction associated with the proposer string, wherein the computational task distribution system is managed by a congress; and

as a result of detecting the challenge, at least:

resolving the challenge using a first blockchain network by at least selecting a solution from a set of solutions provided to the first blockchain network, the set of solutions at least including the proposer string; and

distributing digital assets from the first digital asset and the second digital asset to one or more parties of the computational task distribution system based at least in part on the solution, wherein the distribution of the digital assets is controlled by the congress under a threshold signature scheme.

2. The computer-implemented method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the proposer string comprises information indicating no solution to the computational task combined with another piece of information.

3. The computer-implemented method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the other piece of information is accessible only to those who have attempted the computational task.

4. The computer-implemented method claimed in claim 1 , wherein the proposer string is selected from the set of solutions based at least in part on a timestamp associated with the proposer string.

5. The computer-implemented method claimed claim 1 , wherein the challenge specifies a hash of a challenger string to the computational task and the set of solutions includes the challenger string.

6. The computer-implemented method claimed in claim 1 , wherein the computational task distribution system is implemented as a webservice associated with a proof-of-work blockchain network.

7. The computer-implemented method claimed in claim 1 , wherein the computational task distribution system is implemented on a proof-of-work blockchain network.

8. The computer-implemented method claimed in claim 1 , wherein the challenge indicates that there is no solution to the computational task.

9. The computer-implemented method claimed in claim 1 , wherein the digital assets include a deposit provided by the proposer to the first blockchain network.

10. The computer-implemented method claimed in claim 1 , wherein the digital assets are distributed from the first digital asset, the second digital asset, and a third digital asset referenced in an input to a transaction associated with the challenge.

11. The computer-implemented method claimed in claim 1 , wherein resolving the challenge includes performing a corresponding set of verification operations of one or more solutions of the set of solutions.

12. The computer-implemented method claimed in claim 1 , wherein resolving the challenge includes performing an arbitration procedure that at least includes:

receiving, from the proposer, a first set of intermediate results for the proposer string of the set of solutions;

receiving, from a challenger, a second set of intermediate results for a challenger string of the set of solutions;

comparing the first set of intermediate results to the second set of intermediate results to determine a location where the proposer string and the challenger string diverge; and

selecting a solution based at least in part on:

repeating one or more calculations of the first set of intermediate results at the location using the first blockchain network; and

repeating one or more calculations of the second set of intermediate results at the location using the first blockchain network.

13. The computer-implemented method claimed in claim 1 , wherein resolving the challenge at least includes identifying an incorrect solution of the set of solutions by at least:

receiving, from the proposer, a first set of intermediate results for the proposer string of the set of solutions;

receiving, from a challenger, a second set of intermediate results for a challenger string of the set of solutions;

analyzing the first set of intermediate results and the second set of intermediate results to identify a location where the proposer string and the challenger string diverge; and

identifying the incorrect solution based at least in part on the analyzing.

14. A system, comprising:

a processor; and

memory including executable instructions that, as a result of execution by the processor, causes the system to:

monitor a computational task distribution system to detect a challenge to a proposer string provided by a proposer computer system in response to a request made by a requester computer system, the request specifying a computational task and a first digital asset associated with the request, the proposer string indicated by a hash of a solution to the computational task, the proposer string specifying a second digital asset referenced in an input to a proposer transaction associated with the proposer string, wherein the computational task distribution system is managed by a congress; and

as a result of detecting the challenge, at least:

resolve the challenge using a first blockchain network by at least selecting a solution from a set of solutions provided to the first blockchain network, the set of solutions at least including the proposer string; and

distribute digital assets from the first digital asset and the second digital asset to one or more parties of the computational task distribution system based at least in part on the solution, wherein the distribution of the digital assets is controlled by the congress under a threshold signature scheme.

15. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon executable instructions that, as a result of being executed by a processor of a computer system, cause the computer system to:

monitor a computational task distribution system to detect a challenge to a proposer string provided by a proposer computer system in response to a request made by a requester computer system, the request specifying a computational task and a first digital asset associated with the request, the proposer string indicated by a hash of a solution to the computational task, the proposer string specifying a second digital asset referenced in an input to a proposer transaction associated with the proposer string, wherein the computational task distribution system is managed by a congress; and

as a result of detecting the challenge, at least:

resolve the challenge using a first blockchain network by at least selecting a solution from a set of solutions provided to the first blockchain network, the set of solutions at least including the proposer string; and

distribute digital assets from the first digital asset and the second digital asset to one or more parties of the computational task distribution system based at least in part on the solution, wherein the distribution of the digital assets is controlled by the congress under a threshold signature scheme.