Insulated conductor for use in a winding, winding derived therefrom and corresponding manufacturing methods
An insulated conductor including: at least one electrical conductor; and, an insulating coating covering said electrical conductor, having n layer(s), “n” being an integer greater than or equal to 1, the n th layer being the outermost layer having a pseudo-amorphous composition C n including at least 50% by weight of a polyaryletherketone. A process for manufacturing the insulated conductor, a heat-welding process using two sections of insulated conductor, and a coil capable of being obtained by heat-welding a winding of the insulated conductor.
1. An insulated conductor comprising:
at least one electrical conductor; and,
an insulating coating covering said electrical conductor, consisting of n layer(s), “n” being an integer greater than or equal to 1, the nth layer being the outermost layer consisting of a pseudo-amorphous composition C n comprising at least 50% by weight of a polyaryletherketone.
2. The insulated conductor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said at least one electrical conductor comprises copper or an alloy thereof, aluminum, nickel or silver.
3. The insulated conductor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the melt flow index of the composition C n has a value ranging from 1 to 100 cm 3 /10 min, at 380° C. and under a load of 5 kg.
4. The insulated conductor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the composition C n further comprises another thermoplastic other than a polyaryletherketone and/or a filler and/or an additive.
5. The insulated conductor as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the other thermoplastic is chosen from the list consisting of: a fluorinated ethylene-propylene copolymer, a perfluoroalkoxy-alkane copolymer, a perfluoroelastomer, a polyetherimide, a polyetherimide/polydimethylsiloxane block copolymer, a poly(ether sulfone), a polysulfone, a polyphenylene sulfone, a poly(phenylene sulfide), a polyphenylene ether and their mixture.
6. The insulated conductor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the composition C n consists essentially of said at least one polyaryletherketone.
7. The insulated conductor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said at least one polyaryletherketone consists essentially of:
a terephthalic unit and an isophthalic unit, the terephthalic unit having the formula:
the isophthalic unit having the formula:
the molar percentage of terephthalic unit relative to the sum of the terephthalic and isophthalic units being from 0% to 85%.
8. The insulated conductor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said at least one polyaryletherketone is a copolymer comprising a unit of formula:
and a unit of formula:
the molar percentage of unit (III), relative to the sum of the units (III) and (IV), being from: 0% to 99%.
9. The insulated conductor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said at least one polyaryletherketone is a copolymer comprising a unit of formula:
and a unit of formula:
the molar percentage of unit (III), relative to the sum of the units (III) and (V), being from 0% to 99%.
10. The insulated conductor as claimed in claim 1 , the n th layer having an average thickness ranging from 5 micrometers to 1000 micrometers.
11. The insulated conductor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the integer n is greater than or equal to 2.
12. The insulated conductor as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the insulating coating comprises at least one intermediate layer, between said at least one electrical conductor and the n th layer of the coating, including the (n−1) th layer, which is a semicrystalline composition comprising a thermoplastic polymer having a melting point above or equal to that of the n th layer.
13. The insulated conductor as claimed in claim 12 , wherein the at least one intermediate layer, including the (n−1) th layer, consists of a homopolymer consisting of a single repeating unit of formula:
14. The insulated conductor as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the insulating coating all comprises at least one intermediate layer, between said at least one electrical conductor and the n th layer of the coating, including the (n−1) th layer, which is a composition comprising a crosslinked thermosetting polymer.
15. A process for manufacturing an insulated conductor as claimed in claim 1 , comprising providing said at least one electrical conductor, covered where appropriate with an insulating coating consisting of (n−1) layers, and providing said composition C n , the composition C n having a melting temperature T m ,
the process comprising:
a step of heating the composition C n at a temperature strictly above T m , so as to obtain a melt of composition C n ;
applying the composition C n , in the solid or melt state, on said conductor covered where appropriate with (n−1) layers of insulating coating, so as to obtain a conductor covered with composition C n , in the solid or melt state; and,
sufficiently rapid cooling of the melt so as to obtain the n th layer of the coating layer in pseudo-amorphous form.
16. A process of heat-welding between two sections of insulated conductor as claimed in claim 1 , the two sections having a peripheral layer formed of the same pseudo-amorphous chemical composition C, the composition C having a glass transition temperature T g and a melting temperature T m , said process comprising:
bringing two sections of insulated conductor into contact;
coalescing the parts of the two sections of insulated conductor brought into contact in order to form an assembly of two coalesced sections, by heating at a temperature above T g ; and,
crystallizing the composition C of the assembly of the two coalesced sections, by maintaining the heating at a temperature above the temperature T g of the composition C for a sufficient time.
17. The process as claimed in claim 16 , wherein composition C is crystallized to a degree of crystallinity strictly greater than 7%, as measured by WAXS, during the crystallization step.
18. A coil comprising a winding of turns capable of being obtained by:
winding an insulated conductor comprising:
at least one electrical conductor; and,
an insulating coating covering said electrical conductor, consisting of n layer(s), “n” being an integer greater than or equal to 1, the n th layer being the outermost layer consisting of a pseudo-amorphous composition C n comprising at least 50% by weight of a polyaryletherketone, forming a set of turns having areas of contact with one another;
heat-welding of the contact areas by a process as claimed in claim 16 .
19. A coil comprising a winding of turns obtained by a process comprising winding an insulated conductor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the insulated conductor forms a set of turns having areas of contact with one another.