ELECTROLYTE SPORTS DRINK FORMULATION FOR ENHANCING HYDRATION AND REPLENISHMENT OF NUTRIENTS

1 . A formulation, comprising:

a. from about 1,000 mg/serving to about 7,000 mg/serving of trimethylglycine, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable precursor thereof;

b. from about 1 mg/serving to about 4,000 mg/serving of beta-hydroxybutyric acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;

c. an electrolyte salt;

d. optionally a purine nucleotide; and

e. optionally a carbohydrate.

2 . The formulation of claim 1 , further comprising an aqueous carrier in an amount sufficient to provide a total volume/serving of about 2 oz. to about 32 oz.

3 . The formulation of claim 1 , comprising:

from about 1,000 mg/serving to about 2,000 mg/serving of anhydrous trimethylglycine or trimethylglycine HCl; and

from about 500 mg/serving to about 2,000 mg/serving of beta-hydroxybutyric acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

4 . A dosage form comprising the formulation of claim 1 , wherein the dosage form is an alcoholic beverage, a non-alcoholic beverage, a gel, a liquid concentrate, a powder, a tablet, or a capsule.

5 . The formulation of claim 1 , wherein the formulation comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable precursor of trimethylglycine, the precursor being choline, glycine betaine aldehyde, or a mixture thereof.

6 . The formulation of claim 1 , wherein the formulation comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable alkali metal salt of beta-hydroxybutyric acid, a pharmaceutically acceptable alkaline earth metal salt of beta-hydroxybutyric acid, or a mixture thereof.

7 . The formulation of claim 6 , wherein the formulation comprises a sodium salt of beta-hydroxybutyric acid, a potassium salt of beta-hydroxybutyric acid, a magnesium salt of beta-hydroxybutyric acid, a calcium salt of beta-hydroxybutyric acid, or a mixture thereof.

8 . The formulation of claim 1 , wherein the beta-hydroxybutyric acid is from 90% to 99.99% D-beta-hydroxybutyric acid.

9 . The formulation of claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte salt is selected from the group consisting of:

a bicarbonate, citrate, phosphate, or chloride salt of an alkali metal;

a bicarbonate, citrate, phosphate, or chloride salt of an alkaline earth metal; and

a mixture thereof.

10 . The formulation of claim 1 , further comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of a mineral selected from the group consisting of zinc, iron, chromium, calcium, magnesium, and mixtures thereof.

11 . A method of providing hydration and nutritional components to a mammalian subject, said method comprising orally administering the formulation of claim 1 to the subject.

12 . An oral formulation, comprising:

a. from about 100 mg/serving to about 10,000 mg/serving of trimethylglycine, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable precursor thereof;

b. from about 1 mg/serving to about 10,000 mg/serving of beta-hydroxybutyric acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;

c. an electrolyte salt; and

d. an aqueous carrier.

13 . The oral formulation of claim 12 , wherein the formulation comprises anhydrous trimethylglycine, trimethylglycine HCl, or a pharmaceutically acceptable precursor of trimethylglycine, the precursor being selected from the group consisting of choline, glycine betaine aldehyde, and a mixture thereof.

14 . The oral formulation of claim 12 , wherein the formulation comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable alkali metal salt of D-beta-hydroxybutyric acid, a pharmaceutically acceptable alkaline earth metal salt of D-beta-hydroxybutyric acid, or a mixture thereof.

15 . The oral formulation of claim 12 , wherein the formulation comprises from 1 mg/serving to 6,800 mg/serving of the electrolyte salt, wherein the electrolyte salt comprises:

i. from 1 mg/serving to 1,500 mg/serving of a bicarbonate, citrate, phosphate, or chloride salt of sodium;

ii. from 1 mg/serving to 3,000 mg/serving of a bicarbonate, citrate, phosphate, or chloride salt of potassium;

iii. from 1 mg/serving to 300 mg/serving of a bicarbonate, citrate, phosphate, or chloride salt of magnesium;

iv. from 1 mg/serving to 2,000 mg/serving of a bicarbonate, citrate, phosphate, or chloride salt of calcium; or

v. mixtures thereof.

16 . The oral formulation of claim 12 , further comprising from 1 mg/serving to 12 mg/serving of zinc.

17 . A method of providing hydration and nutritional components to a mammalian subject, said method comprising orally administering the formulation of claim 12 to the subject.

18 . An oral formulation, comprising:

a. from about 750 mg/serving to about 1,500 mg/serving of trimethylglycine, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable precursor thereof;

b. from about 500 mg/serving to about 1,000 mg/serving of beta-hydroxybutyric acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;

c. from about 500 mg/serving to about 1,500 mg/serving of an electrolyte salt, wherein the electrolyte salt comprises:

a combination of sodium and potassium salts in a ratio of 1:1, based on the weight of the cation; and

a combination of magnesium and calcium; and

d. an aqueous carrier.

19 . The oral formulation of claim 18 , wherein the trimethylglycine or the salt or precursor thereof and the beta-hydroxybutyric acid or the salt thereof are present in a ratio of 1.4:1 to 1.6:1 by weight.

20 . The oral formulation of claim 18 , wherein the electrolyte salt comprises:

i. from 200 mg/serving to 400 mg/serving of sodium, where the sodium is administered as a bicarbonate, citrate, phosphate, or chloride salt;

ii. from 200 mg/serving to 400 mg/serving of potassium, where the sodium is administered as a bicarbonate, citrate, phosphate, or chloride salt;

iii. from 5 mg/serving to 25 mg/serving of a bicarbonate, citrate, phosphate, or chloride salt of magnesium; and

iv. from 5 mg/serving to 25 mg/serving of a bicarbonate, citrate, phosphate, or chloride salt of calcium.