Granted Patent B2

US 12,352,915 · App. 18/050,875 · Granted Jul 8, 2025

Inventors: Yimin Sun (The Hague, NL); Mohammed S. Mubarak (Dhahran, SA); Victor Dolgov (Dhahran, SA)

Assignee: SAUDI ARABIAN OIL COMPANY

G01V1/301G01V1/305G01V1/375G01V1/42

Abstract

Claims (98)

1. A method, comprising:

obtaining a multicomponent seismic dataset for a subterranean region, wherein the multicomponent seismic dataset comprises a pressure wave (PP) seismic dataset and a pressure-to-shear converted wave (PS) seismic dataset;

determining an array of PP-source statics and an array of PP-receiver statics for the PP-seismic dataset;

generating a PP-receiver stack based, at least in part, on the PP-seismic dataset, the array of PP-source statics, and the array of PP-receiver statics, wherein the PP-receiver stack comprises a plurality of source-static and receiver-static corrected PP-stacked traces;

generating a PS-receiver stack based, at least in part, on the PS-seismic dataset and the array of PP-source statics, wherein the PS-receiver stack comprises a plurality of source-static corrected PS-stacked traces;

identifying a PP-target event on the PP-receiver stack;

forming a space-time window of the PS-receiver stack guided by the PP-target event, wherein the space-time window comprises a plurality of windowed traces;

determining an objective function based, at least in part, on the space-time window;

determining an array of PS-receiver statics based, at least in part, on an extremum of the objective function, wherein the array comprises one PS-receiver static for each windowed trace;

forming a statics-corrected PS-seismic dataset based, at least in part, on the PS-seismic dataset, the array of PS-receiver statics, and the array of PP-source statics, wherein the statics-corrected PS-seismic dataset comprises a plurality of source-static and receiver-static corrected PS-stacked traces; and

forming a seismic image based, at least in part, on the statics-corrected PS-seismic dataset.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming the space-time window comprises:

converting the PP-target event to a PS-guidance event using a conversion velocity ratio, wherein the PS-guidance event comprises an arrival time for each source-static corrected PS-stacked trace;

forming an intermediate PS-receiver stack by shifting each source-static corrected PS-stacked trace by a shift based, at least in part, on the arrival time of the PS-guidance event;

defining a start time and an end time for the space-time window based, at least in part, on an average value of the shift of each source-static corrected PS-stacked trace; and

forming the space-time window, based on a portion of the intermediate PS-receiver stack between the start time and the end time.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the extremum of the objective function comprises:

forming a plurality of arrays of time perturbations, wherein each array comprises a distinct time perturbation for each windowed trace;

for each array of time perturbations:

forming a perturbed space-time window by shifting the space-time window by the array of time perturbations; and

determining a value of the objective function based on the perturbed space-time window;

determining the extremum of the objective function from the value of the objective function for each of the plurality of arrays of time perturbations; and

determining the array of PS-receiver statics based on the array of time perturbations that generate the extremum.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming the statics-corrected PS-seismic dataset comprises shifting each of the plurality of source-static corrected PS-stacked traces by a PS-receiver static value determined by the array of PS-receiver statics.

5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

determining an erroneous PS-receiver static based on a statistical analysis of the array of PS-receiver statics;

correcting the erroneous PS-receiver static based, at least in part, on a plurality of spatially-adjacent PS-receiver statics; and

updating the array of PS-receiver statics based on an updated extremum of the objective function.

6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

dividing the PS-receiver stack into a plurality of overlapping spatial windows;

forming a plurality of PS-partial stacks, wherein one PS-partial stack is formed from each of the plurality of overlapping spatial windows; and

forming the statics-corrected PS-seismic dataset based, at least in part, on merging the plurality of overlapping spatial windows.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the objective function comprises a semblance-based objective function.

8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

determining, using a seismic interpretation workstation, a location of a hydrocarbon reservoir based, at least in part, on the seismic image; and

planning, using a wellbore planning system, a wellbore path to penetrate the hydrocarbon reservoir based on the location.

9. The method of claim 8 , further comprising drilling, using a drilling system, a wellbore guided by the planned wellbore path.

10. A non-transitory computer readable memory, having computer-executable instructions stored thereon that, when executed by a processor, perform steps comprising:

receiving a multicomponent seismic dataset for a subterranean region, wherein the multicomponent seismic dataset comprises a pressure wave (PP) seismic dataset and a pressure-to-shear converted wave (PS) seismic dataset;

determining an array of PP-source statics and an array of PP-receiver statics for the PP-seismic dataset;

generating a PP-receiver stack based, at least in part, on the PP-seismic dataset, the array of PP-source statics, and the array of PP-receiver statics, wherein the PP-receiver stack comprises a plurality of source-static and receiver-static corrected PP-stacked traces;

generating a PS-receiver stack based, at least in part, on the PS-seismic dataset and the array of PP-source statics, wherein the PS-receiver stack comprises a plurality of source-static corrected PS-stacked traces;

identifying a PP-target event on the PP-receiver stack;

forming a space-time window of the PS-receiver stack guided by the PP-target event, wherein the space-time window comprises a plurality of windowed traces;

determining an objective function based, at least in part, on the space-time window;

determining an array of PS-receiver statics based, at least in part, on an extremum of the objective function, wherein the array comprises one PS-receiver static for each windowed trace;

forming a statics-corrected PS-seismic dataset based, at least in part, on the PS-seismic dataset, the array of PS-receiver statics, and the array of PP-source statics, wherein the statics-corrected PS-seismic dataset comprises a plurality of source-static and receiver-static corrected PS-stacked traces; and

forming a seismic image based, at least in part, on the statics-corrected PS-seismic dataset.

11. The non-transitory computer readable memory of claim 10 , wherein forming the space-time window comprises:

converting the PP-target event to a PS-guidance event using a conversion velocity ratio, wherein the PS-guidance event comprises an arrival time for each source-static corrected PS-stacked trace;

forming an intermediate PS-receiver stack by shifting each source-static corrected PS-stacked trace by a shift based, at least in part, on the arrival time of the PS-guidance event;

defining a start time and an end time for the space-time window based, at least in part, on an average value of the shift of each source-static corrected PS-stacked trace; and

forming the space-time window, based on a portion of the intermediate PS-receiver stack between the start time and the end time.

12. The non-transitory computer readable memory of claim 10 , wherein determining the extremum of the objective function comprises:

forming a plurality of arrays of time perturbations, wherein each array comprises a distinct time perturbation for each windowed trace;

for each array of time perturbations:

forming a perturbed space-time window by shifting the space-time window by the array of time perturbations; and

determining a value of the objective function based on the perturbed space-time window;

determining the extremum of the objective function from the value of the objective function for each of the plurality of arrays of time perturbations; and

determining the array of PS-receiver statics based on the array of time perturbations that generate the extremum.

13. The non-transitory computer readable memory of claim 10 , wherein the steps further comprise:

determining an erroneous PS-receiver static based on a statistical analysis of the array of PS-receiver statics;

correcting the erroneous PS-receiver static based, at least in part, on a plurality of spatially-adjacent PS-receiver statics; and

updating the array of PS-receiver statics based on an updated extremum of the objective function.

14. The non-transitory computer readable memory of claim 10 , wherein the steps further comprise:

dividing the PS-receiver stack into a plurality of overlapping spatial windows;

forming a plurality of PS-partial stacks, wherein one PS-partial stack is formed from each of the plurality of overlapping spatial windows; and

forming the statics-corrected PS-seismic dataset based, at least in part, on merging the plurality of overlapping spatial windows.

15. The non-transitory computer readable memory of claim 10 , wherein the steps further comprise determining a location of a hydrocarbon reservoir based, at least in part, on the seismic image.

16. The non-transitory computer readable memory of claim 15 , wherein the steps further comprise planning a wellbore path to penetrate the hydrocarbon reservoir based on the location.

17. A system, comprising:

a seismic acquisition system configured to record a multicomponent seismic dataset for a subterranean region, wherein the multicomponent seismic dataset comprises a pressure wave (PP) seismic dataset and a pressure-to-shear converted wave (PS) seismic dataset; and

a seismic processing system configured to:

receive the multicomponent seismic dataset,

determine an array of PP-source statics and an array of PP-receiver statics for the PP-seismic dataset,

generate a PP-receiver stack based, at least in part, on the PP-seismic dataset, the array of PP-source statics, and the array of PP-receiver statics, wherein the PP-receiver stack comprises a plurality of source-static and receiver-static corrected PP-stacked traces,

generate a PS-receiver stack based, at least in part, on the PS-seismic dataset and the array of PP-source statics, wherein the PS-receiver stack comprises a plurality of source-static corrected PS-stacked traces,

identify a PP-target event on the PP-receiver stack,

form a space-time window of the PS-receiver stack guided by the PP-target event, wherein the space-time window comprises a plurality of windowed traces,

determine an objective function based, at least in part, on the space-time window,

determine an array of PS-receiver statics based, at least in part, on an extremum of the objective function, wherein the array comprises one PS-receiver static for each windowed trace,

form a statics-corrected PS-seismic dataset based, at least in part, on the PS-seismic dataset, the array of PS-receiver statics, and the array of PP-source statics, wherein the statics-corrected PS-seismic dataset comprises a plurality of source-static and receiver-static corrected PS-stacked traces, and

form a seismic image based, at least in part, on the statics-corrected PS-seismic dataset.

18. The system of claim 17 , wherein determining the extremum of the objective function comprises:

forming a plurality of arrays of time perturbations, wherein each array comprises a distinct time perturbation for each windowed trace;

for each array of time perturbations:

forming a perturbed space-time window by shifting the space-time window by the array of time perturbations; and

determining a value of the objective function based on the perturbed space-time window;

determining the extremum of the objective function from the value of the objective function for each of the plurality of arrays of time perturbations; and

determining the array of PS-receiver statics based on the array of time perturbations that generate the extremum.

19. The system of claim 17 , the seismic processing system further configured to:

determine an erroneous PS-receiver static based on a statistical analysis of the array of PS-receiver statics;

correct the erroneous PS-receiver static based, at least in part, on a plurality of spatially-adjacent PS-receiver statics; and

update the array of PS-receiver statics based on an updated extremum of the objective function.

20. The system of claim 17 , further comprising:

a seismic interpretation workstation configured to determine a location of a hydrocarbon reservoir based, at least in part, on the seismic image;

a wellbore planning system configured to plan a wellbore path to penetrate the hydrocarbon reservoir based on the location; and

a drilling system configured to drill a wellbore guided by the planned wellbore path.

Assignments (3)

Continuity (1)

References Cited (25)