Systems and methods for beamforming of broadcast and synchronization channels
Systems and methods for beamforming of broadcast and synchronization channels are provided. In one example, a system includes a BBU, RU(s) communicatively coupled to the BBU, and antennas communicatively coupled to the RU(s). Each RU is communicatively coupled to a respective subset of antennas. The BBU, RU(s), and antennas implement a base station for wirelessly communicating with UEs. The base station is configured to map a synchronization signal to the antennas during a sequence of time periods, transmit the synchronization signal via each respective subset of antennas with a first antenna beam pattern during a first time period of the sequence of time periods, and transmit the synchronization signal via each respective subset of the antennas with a second antenna beam pattern during a second time period of the sequence of time periods. The first antenna beam pattern is different than the second antenna beam pattern.
1. A system, comprising:
at least one baseband unit;
one or more radio units communicatively coupled to the at least one baseband unit; and
a plurality of antennas communicatively coupled to the one or more radio units, wherein each respective radio unit of the one or more radio units is communicatively coupled to a respective subset of the plurality of antennas;
wherein the at least one baseband unit, the one or more radio units, and the plurality of antennas are configured to implement a base station for wirelessly communicating with user equipment;
wherein the base station is configured to:
map a synchronization signal to the plurality of antennas during a sequence of time periods;
transmit the synchronization signal via each respective subset of the plurality of antennas with a first antenna beam pattern during a first time period of the sequence of time periods; and
transmit the synchronization signal via each respective subset of the plurality of antennas with a second antenna beam pattern during a second time period of the sequence of time periods, wherein the first antenna beam pattern is different than the second antenna beam pattern.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the base station is configured to:
produce the first antenna beam pattern by applying first phase differences to the synchronization signal for each respective subset of the plurality of antennas; and
produce the second antenna beam pattern by applying second phase differences to the synchronization signal for each respective subset of the plurality of antennas, wherein the first phase differences are different than the second phase differences.
3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the first phase differences for each respective subset of the plurality of antennas correspond to a first precoding vector, wherein the second phase differences for each respective subset of the plurality of antennas correspond to a second precoding vector.
4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the first precoding vector and the second precoding vector each correspond to a respective precoding vector in a 3GPP specification for 4G LTE or 5G NR.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the base station is configured to:
transmit the synchronization signal via each respective subset of the plurality of antennas with a third antenna beam pattern during a third time period of the sequence of time periods, wherein the third antenna beam pattern is different than the first antenna beam pattern and the second antenna beam pattern; and
transmit the synchronization signal via each respective subset of the plurality of antennas with a fourth antenna beam pattern during a fourth time period of the sequence of time periods, wherein the fourth antenna beam pattern is different than the first antenna beam pattern, the second antenna beam pattern, and the third antenna beam pattern.
6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the third antenna beam pattern corresponds to a shifted version of the first antenna beam pattern, wherein the fourth antenna beam pattern corresponds to a shifted version of the second antenna beam pattern.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first antenna beam pattern and the second antenna beam pattern are static during operation of the system.
8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the base station is configured to:
receive an uplink transmission from a first user equipment in response to the synchronization signal;
determine whether the first user equipment received the synchronization signal via the first antenna beam pattern or the second antenna beam pattern; and
transmit a response message to the first user equipment based on the determination of whether the first user equipment received the synchronization signal via the first antenna beam pattern or the second antenna beam pattern.
9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the synchronization signal includes a 5G NR Synchronization Signal Block (SSB).
10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the synchronization signal includes a 4G LTE synchronization signal.
11. A method, comprising:
mapping a synchronization signal to a plurality of antennas during a sequence of time periods, wherein the plurality of antennas is communicatively coupled to one or more radio units, wherein the one or more radio units are communicatively coupled to at least one baseband unit, wherein each respective radio unit of the one or more radio units is communicatively coupled to a respective subset of the plurality of antennas, wherein the at least one baseband unit, the one or more radio units, and the plurality of antennas are configured to implement a base station for wirelessly communicating with user equipment;
transmitting the synchronization signal via the plurality of antennas with a first antenna beam pattern during a first time period of the sequence of time periods; and
transmitting the synchronization signal with a second antenna beam pattern via the plurality of antennas during a second time period of the sequence of time periods, wherein the first antenna beam pattern is different than the second antenna beam pattern.
12. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:
producing the first antenna beam pattern by applying first phase differences to the synchronization signal for each respective subset of the plurality of antennas; and
producing the second antenna beam pattern by applying second phase differences to the synchronization signal for each respective subset of the plurality of antennas, wherein the first phase differences are different than the second phase differences.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the first phase differences for each respective subset of the plurality of antennas correspond to a first precoding vector, wherein the second phase differences for each respective subset of the plurality of antennas correspond to a second precoding vector.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the first precoding vector and the second precoding vector each correspond to a respective precoding vector in a 3GPP specification for 4G LTE or 5G NR.
15. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:
transmitting the synchronization signal via each respective subset of the plurality of antennas with a third antenna beam pattern during a third time period of the sequence of time periods, wherein the third antenna beam pattern is different than the first antenna beam pattern and the second antenna beam pattern; and
transmitting the synchronization signal via each respective subset of the plurality of antennas with a fourth antenna beam pattern during a fourth time period of the sequence of time periods, wherein the fourth antenna beam pattern is different than the first antenna beam pattern, the second antenna beam pattern, and the third antenna beam pattern.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the third antenna beam pattern corresponds to a shifted version of the first antenna beam pattern, wherein the fourth antenna beam pattern corresponds to a shifted version of the second antenna beam pattern.
17. The method of claim 11 , wherein the first antenna beam pattern and the second antenna beam pattern are static during operation.
18. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:
receiving an uplink transmission from a first user equipment in response to the synchronization signal;
determining whether the first user equipment received the synchronization signal via the first antenna beam pattern or the second antenna beam pattern; and
transmitting a response message to the first user equipment based on the determination of whether the first user equipment received the synchronization signal via the first antenna beam pattern or the second antenna beam pattern.
19. The method of claim 11 , wherein the synchronization signal includes a 5G NR Synchronization Signal Block (SSB).
20. The method of claim 11 , wherein the synchronization signal includes a 4G LTE synchronization signal.