Electrochemical Device and Power Consuming Device Comprising the Electrochemical Device
An electrochemical device includes a positive electrode plate and an electrolyte solution. The positive electrode plate includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer provided on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector. The positive electrode active material layer contains a positive electrode lithium supplement including one or more of Li 2 M 1 O 2 , Li 2 M 2 O 3 , Li 3 M 3 O 4 , Li 5 M 4 O 4 , and Li 6 M 5 O 4 . M 1 includes one or more of Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, Zn, Mg, Ca, and Cu. M 2 includes one or more of Mn, Sn, Mo, Ru, and Ir. M 3 includes one or more of V, Nb, Cr, and Mo. M 4 includes one or more of Fe, Cr, V, and Mo. M 5 includes one or more of Co, V, Cr, and Mo. The electrolyte solution contains a lithium salt. A molarity A of the lithium salt satisfies 1.5 mol/L≤A≤4 mol/L.
1 . An electrochemical device comprising:
a positive electrode plate comprising:
a positive electrode current collector; and
a positive electrode active material layer provided on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector, the positive electrode active material layer containing a positive electrode lithium supplement, and the positive electrode lithium supplement comprising one or more of Li 2 M 1 O 2 , Li 2 M 2 O 3 , Li 3 M 3 O 4 , Li 5 M 4 O 4 , and Li 6 M 5 O 4 , wherein:
M 1 comprises one or more of Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, Zn, Mg, Ca, and Cu;
M 2 comprises one or more of Mn, Sn, Mo, Ru, and Ir;
M 3 comprises one or more of V, Nb, Cr, and Mo;
M 4 comprises one or more of Fe, Cr, V, and Mo; and
M 5 comprises one or more of Co, V, Cr, and Mo; and
an electrolyte solution containing a lithium salt, wherein a molarity A of the lithium salt in the electrolyte solution satisfies 1.5 mol/L≤A≤4 mol/L.
2 . The electrochemical device according to claim 1 , wherein A satisfies 2 mol/L≤A≤3 mol/L.
3 . The electrochemical device according to claim 1 , wherein a mass percentage content W 1 of the positive electrode lithium supplement based on a mass of the positive electrode active material layer satisfies 0.1%≤W 1 ≤10%.
4 . The electrochemical device according to claim 1 , wherein a mass percentage content W 1 of the positive electrode lithium supplement based on a mass of the positive electrode active material layer satisfies 1%≤W 1 ≤8%.
5 . The electrochemical device according to claim 1 , wherein:
the positive electrode lithium supplement comprises one or more of Li 2 NiO 2 , Li 2 CuO 2 , Li 2 Ni a Cu b M 1-a-b O 2 , Li 2 MnO 2 , Li 3 VO 4 , Li 3 NbO 4 , Li 5 FeO 4 , and Li 6 CoO 4 ;
M comprises one or more of Zn, Sn, Mg, Fe, and Mn; and
0<a<1, 0<b<1, and 0.9<a+b≤1.
6 . The electrochemical device according to claim 1 , wherein:
the positive electrode lithium supplement comprises one or more of Li 2 NiO 2 , Li 2 CuO 2 , Li 2 Ni a Cu b M 1-a-b O 2 , Li 2 MnO 2 , Li 3 VO 4 , Li 3 NbO 4 , Li 5 FeO 4 , and Li 6 CoO 4 ;
M comprises one or more of Zn, Sn, Mg, Fe, and Mn; and
0.4≤a≤0.8 and 0.2≤b≤0.6.
7 . The electrochemical device according to claim 1 , wherein:
the positive electrode lithium supplement comprises one or more of Li 2 NiO 2 , Li 2 CuO 2 , Li 2 Ni a Cu b M 1-a-b O 2 , Li 2 MnO 2 , Li 3 VO 4 , Li 3 NbO 4 , Li 5 FeO 4 , and Li 6 CoO 4 ;
M comprises one or more of Zn, Sn, Mg, Fe, and Mn; and
0.5≤a≤0.7 and 0.3≤b≤0.5.
8 . The electrochemical device according to claim 1 , wherein:
the positive electrode lithium supplement comprises one or more of Li 2 NiO 2 , Li 2 CuO 2 , Li 2 Ni a Cu b M 1-a-b O 2 , Li 5 FeO 4 , and Li 6 CoO 4 ;
M comprises one or more of Zn, Sn, Mg, Fe, and Mn; and
0<a<1, 0<b≤1, and 0.9<a+b≤1.
9 . The electrochemical device according to claim 1 , wherein:
the positive electrode lithium supplement comprises one or more of Li 2 NiO 2 , Li 2 CuO 2 , Li 2 Ni a Cu b M 1-a-b O 2 , Li 5 FeO 4 , and Li 6 CoO 4 ;
M comprises one or more of Zn, Sn, Mg, Fe, and Mn; and
0.4≤a≤0.8 and 0.2≤b≤0.6.
10 . The electrochemical device according to claim 1 , wherein:
the positive electrode lithium supplement comprises one or more of Li 2 NiO 2 , Li 2 CuO 2 , Li 2 Ni a Cu b M 1-a-b O 2 , Li 5 FeO 4 , and Li 6 CoO 4 ;
M comprises one or more of Zn, Sn, Mg, Fe, and Mn; and
0.5≤a≤0.7 and 0.3≤b≤0.5.
11 . The electrochemical device according to claim 1 , wherein:
the lithium salt comprises at least one of LiN(C t F 2t+1 SO 2 )(C s F 2s+1 SO 2 ), LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiBOB, LiAsF 6 , Li(FSO 2 ) 2 N, LiCF 3 SO 3 , or LiClO 4 ; and
t≥0 and s≥0.
12 . The electrochemical device according to claim 1 , wherein:
the lithium salt comprises at least one of LiFSI and LiPF 6 .
13 . The electrochemical device according to claim 1 , wherein:
the electrolyte solution further comprises an additive comprising at least one of a fluorosulfonate salt or a cyclic sulfate ester; and
a mass percentage content W 2 of the additive based on a mass of the electrolyte solution is W 2 satisfies 0.01%≤W 2 ≤20%.
14 . The electrochemical device according to claim 1 , wherein:
the electrolyte solution further comprises an additive comprising at least one of a fluorosulfonate salt or a cyclic sulfate ester; and
a mass percentage content W 2 of the additive based on a mass of the electrolyte solution is W 2 satisfies 0.1%≤W 2 ≤10%.
15 . The electrochemical device according to claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte solution further comprises an additive comprising (FSO 3 ) r Q r+ , and Q comprises at least one of Li + , Na + , K + , Rb + , Cs + , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Ba 2+ , Al 3+ , Fe 2+ , Cu 2+ , Fe 3+ , Ni 2+ , or Ni 3+ .
16 . The electrochemical device according to claim 1 , wherein:
the electrolyte solution further comprises an additive comprising a cyclic sulfate ester, and the cyclic sulfate ester comprises a compound represented by a general formula:
and
in the general formula:
R 31 to R 34 are each independently selected from a single bond or a methylene group, R 4 is selected from
and
R 5 is selected from C 1 to C 3 alkylene, C 1 to C 3 haloalkylene, or C 1 to C 3 alkyleneoxy, and a halogen atom in the C 1 to C 3 haloalkylene comprises fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine.
17 . The electrochemical device according to claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte solution further comprises an additive comprising a cyclic sulfate ester, and the cyclic sulfate ester comprises at least one of following compounds I-1 to I-6:
18 . The electrochemical device according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a negative electrode plate;
wherein a specific surface area B of the negative electrode plate satisfies 0.5 m 2 /g≤B≤3.5 m 2 /g.
19 . The electrochemical device according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a negative electrode plate;
wherein a specific surface area B of the negative electrode plate satisfies 0.8 m 2 /g≤B≤2.5 m 2 /g.
20 . A power consuming device comprising an electrochemical device comprising:
a positive electrode plate comprising:
a positive electrode current collector; and
a positive electrode active material layer provided on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector, the positive electrode active material layer containing a positive electrode lithium supplement, and the positive electrode lithium supplement comprising one or more of Li 2 M 1 O 2 , Li 2 M 2 O 3 , Li 3 M 3 O 4 , Li 5 M 4 O 4 , and Li 6 M 5 O 4 , wherein:
M 1 comprises one or more of Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, Zn, Mg, Ca, and Cu;
M 2 comprises one or more of Mn, Sn, Mo, Ru, and Ir;
M 3 comprises one or more of V, Nb, Cr, and Mo;
M 4 comprises one or more of Fe, Cr, V, and Mo; and
M 5 comprises one or more of Co, V, Cr, and Mo; and
an electrolyte solution containing a lithium salt, wherein a molarity A of the lithium salt in the electrolyte solution satisfies 1.5 mol/L≤A≤4 mol/L.