Differential sticking test fixture
A test fixture includes a cylindrical main body extending in a longitudinal direction that receives a test piece. The main body includes a cylindrical screen filter with a mesh surface that extends in along a longitudinal axis coincident with an axis of the main body. The mesh surface generates a filter cake when particle-entrained fluid is supplied through the mesh surface and the particulate is retained on the mesh surface. The main body also includes an offset shaft that extends in the longitudinal direction along an offset axis that is offset from the axis of the main body, and the test piece extends through the offset shaft and the interior of the screen filter. The main body further includes a bearing that decouples rotational motion of the offset shaft from the end cap. Additionally, the test fixture includes an actuator that dislodges the test piece from the filter cake, a computer that determines the dislodging force, and a reservoir pump that pumps the particle-entrained fluid into the screen filter. When the alignment wheel is actuated, the offset shaft forces the test piece to move from a first position where a longitudinal axis of the test piece is coincident to the longitudinal axis of the screen filter to a second position in which the axes are offset.
1 . A test fixture, comprising:
a cylindrical main body configured to receive a test piece, the main body extending in a longitudinal direction and comprising:
a cylindrical screen filter disposed within the main body and extending in the longitudinal direction along an axis coincident with an axis of the main body, the screen filter having a mesh surface configured to generate a filter cake when particle-entrained fluid is supplied therethrough, and
an offset shaft extending in the longitudinal direction along an offset axis that is offset from the axis of the main body when the offset shaft is actuated, wherein the test piece extends through the offset shaft,
a bearing configured to decouple rotational motion of the offset shaft from the main body,
an actuator configured to dislodge the test piece from the filter cake within the main body,
a computer configured to determine a force required to dislodge the test piece from the filter cake, and
a reservoir pump configured to pump the particle-entrained fluid into the screen filter, thereby generating the filter cake,
an alignment wheel configured to rotate the offset shaft, thereby forcing the test piece to move from a first position in which a longitudinal axis of the test piece is coincident to the longitudinal axis of the screen filter to a second position in which the longitudinal axis of the test piece is embedded in the filter cake, and
wherein the reservoir pump is configured to circulate fluid through the screen filter while the test piece is in the second position, thereby creating a differential pressure that forces the test piece to translate within the filter cake to a resting position,
wherein the test piece is disposed on an interior of the screen filter.
2 . The test fixture of claim 1 , wherein the test piece extends through the screen filter in the longitudinal direction.
3 . The test fixture of claim 1 , further comprising: a reservoir fluidly connected to the main body, the reservoir pump being configured to circulate the particle-entrained fluid from the reservoir through the screen filter.
4 . The test fixture of claim 1 , further comprising: a bearing housing configured to retain the bearing within an end cap of the main body.
5 . The test fixture of claim 1 , wherein the offset shaft is formed with an orifice extending axially therethrough, a central axis of the orifice being offset from the longitudinal axis of the offset shaft in a radial direction, the radial direction being orthogonal to the longitudinal direction.
6 . The test fixture of claim 1 , further comprising: a shaft coupling configured to connect an actuator shaft of the actuator to the test piece.
7 . The test fixture of claim 1 , wherein the screen filter is rigidly fixed to a bearing housing that surrounds the offset shaft.
8 . The test fixture of claim 1 , wherein the actuator is configured to rotate the test piece and actuate the test piece in the longitudinal direction.
9 . The test fixture of claim 3 , further comprising: a fluid pressure gauge configured to measure differential fluid pressure supplied by the reservoir pump.
10 . The test fixture of claim 4 , wherein the alignment wheel further comprises a plurality of handles configured to be manually actuated, thereby manually actuating the offset shaft and the test piece.
11 . The test fixture of claim 5 , wherein the test piece extends through the orifice of the offset shaft.
12 . The test fixture of claim 6 , wherein the test piece, the shaft coupling, and the actuator shaft are coaxial.
13 . The test fixture of claim 6 , wherein the main body, the shaft coupling, and the actuator are disposed, in sequence, along the longitudinal axis.
14 . A method for determining sticking forces applied to a test piece, the method comprising:
receiving a test piece within a cylindrical screen filter of a cylindrical main body extending in a longitudinal direction, the screen filter extending along an axis coincident with an axis of the main body,
decoupling rotational motion of an offset shaft that the test piece extends through from the main body,
circulating particle-entrained fluid through a mesh surface of the screen filter, thereby generating a filter cake when the particle-entrained fluid is supplied therethrough,
actuating an alignment wheel that rotates the offset shaft that the test piece extends through such that the test piece is forced to move from a first position where a longitudinal axis of the test piece is coincident with the axis of the main body to a second position where the test piece is embedded within the filter cake,
circulating additional fluid through the screen filter subsequent to actuating the alignment wheel such that the filter cake is regenerated around the test piece, thereby creating a differential pressure that forces the test piece to translate within the filter cake to a resting position,
actuating the test piece such that the test piece is dislodged from the filter cake, and
determining a requisite force required to dislodge the test piece from the filter cake.
15 . The method of claim 14 , further comprising: measuring differential fluid pressure created by circulating the particle-entrained fluid.
16 . The method of claim 14 , further comprising: rotating the test piece and applying a force to the test piece in the longitudinal direction.
17 . The method of claim 14 , further comprising: entrapping the entrained particles with the screen filter such that the particles are retained on the mesh surface of the screen filter while the particle-entrained fluid circulates through the screen filter, thereby generating the filter cake.
18 . The method of claim 15 , further comprising: measuring a force or a torque required to dislodge the test piece from the filter cake.
19 . The method of claim 17 , further comprising: manually actuating the alignment wheel using a plurality of alignment handles, thereby manually actuating the offset shaft.
20 . The method of claim 19 , wherein the offset shaft is actuated from the second position to the first position once a fluid pressure supplied by a pump reaches a requisite pressure threshold.