Self-neutralizing amino acid based cationic compositions
The invention described herein includes a self-neutralizing amino acid-based cationic composition that contains an amino acid-based cationic ester, a nonionic amphiphile, and an anhydrous buffering agent. In an embodiment, the composition, when dispersed or dissolved in an aqueous solvent, provides a resultant solution/dispersion having a pH of greater than about 4. The amino acid-based cationic ester may be a reaction product of (i) an amino acid having a non-polar side chain, and an amine group that has been neutralized with an acid; with (ii) a long chain fatty alcohol. Also included within the scope of the invention are methods of preparing a self-neutralizing amino acid-based cationic composition, such method including combining an amino acid-based cationic ester, a nonionic amphiphile and an anhydrous buffering agent. The resulting composition is in an anhydrous solid form. Formulations containing the amino acid-based cationic ester and/or a composition that includes it, are also disclosed.
1. An aqueous formulation comprising a self-neutralizing amino acid-based cationic composition and water, the self-neutralizing amino acid-based cationic composition comprising:
an amino acid-based cationic ester of formula (I):
where R 1 is a branched or linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R 2 is a linear or branched carbon chain having 10 to 50 carbon atoms, where X − represents a conjugate base,
an anhydrous buffering agent comprising a salt formed from a strong base and a weak organic acid,
wherein a ratio of anhydrous buffering agent to amino acid-based cationic ester in the self-neutralizing amino acid-based cationic composition is about 1:2 to about 1:8 on a weight basis, and
a nonionic amphiphile;
wherein the formulation comprises about 5 wt % to about 20 wt % of the self-neutralizing amino acid-based cationic composition, wherein the anhydrous buffering agent is the sole buffering agent in the formulation, and
wherein the formulation is a lamellar liquid crystal system having a d-spacing of about 1 nm to about 100 nm as measured by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS).
2. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 having a d-spacing of about 2 nm to about 25 nm.
3. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 having a d-spacing of about 3 nm to about 15 nm.
4. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 , wherein the d-spacing is constant over a temperature range of 20° C. to 60° C.
5. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 having a pH greater than about 3.5.
6. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 having a pH greater than about 4.
7. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 , further comprising at least one additive.
8. The aqueous formulation of claim 7 , wherein the at least one additive is selected from emollients, humectants, conditioning agents, chelating agents, fragrance, colorant, exfoliating agents, antioxidants, silica, plant extracts, surfactants, and mixtures thereof.
9. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 , wherein the formulation comprises about 15 wt % of the self-neutralizing amino acid-based cationic composition.
10. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 , wherein the amino acid-based cationic ester of formula (I) is selected from brassicyl valinate esylate, cetyl valinate esylate, cetearyl valinate esylate, stearyl valinate esylate, isostearyl valinate esylate, behenyl valinate esylate, octyldodecyl valinate esylate, decyltetradecyl valinate esylate; brassicyl isoleucinate esylate, cetyl isoleucinate esylate, cetearyl isoleucinate esylate, stearyl isoleucinate esylate, isostearyl isoleucinate esylate, behenyl isoleucinate esylate, octyldodecyl isoleucinate esylate, decyltetradecyl isoleucinate esylate, and mixtures thereof.
11. The aqueous formulation of claim 10 , wherein the amino acid-based cationic ester is selected from brassicyl valinate esylate, brassicyl isoleucinate esylate, and mixtures thereof.
12. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 , wherein the anhydrous buffering agent is selected from an alkali metal salt of gluconic acid, an alkaline earth metal salt of gluconic acid, an alkali metal salt of citric acid, an alkaline earth metal salt of citric acid, an alkali metal salt of lactic acid, and an alkaline earth metal salt of lactic acid.
13. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 , wherein the anhydrous buffering agent is selected from sodium gluconate, potassium gluconate, calcium gluconate, sodium citrate, potassium citrate, calcium citrate, sodium lactate, potassium lactate, and calcium lactate.
14. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 , wherein the nonionic amphiphile is selected from a fatty alcohol, a fatty glyceryl ester, fatty glycol esters, fatty esters of polyglycerol, fatty esters of methyl glucose, fatty esters of sorbitan, and mixtures thereof.
15. The aqueous formulation of claim 14 , wherein the nonionic amphiphile comprises 10 to 35 carbon atoms.
16. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 , wherein the nonionic amphiphile is brassica alcohol and the amino acid-based cationic ester is selected from brassicyl valinate esylate and brassicyl isoleucinate esylate.
17. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 , wherein the amino acid-based cationic ester of formula (I) includes two or more amino acid-based cationic esters selected from brassicyl valinate esylate, cetyl valinate esylate, cetearyl valinate esylate, stearyl valinate esylate, isostearyl valinate esylate, behenyl valinate esylate, octyldodecyl valinate esylate, decyltetradecyl valinate esylate; brassicyl isoleucinate esylate, cetyl isoleucinate esylate, cetearyl isoleucinate esylate, stearyl isoleucinate esylate, isostearyl isoleucinate esylate, behenyl isoleucinate esylate, octyldodecyl isoleucinate esylate, decyltetradecyl isoleucinate esylate, and mixtures thereof.
18. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 , wherein the nonionic amphiphile comprises two or more nonionic amphiphiles selected from a fatty alcohol, a fatty glyceryl ester, fatty glycol esters, fatty esters of polyglycerol, fatty esters of methyl glucose, fatty esters of sorbitan and mixtures thereof.
19. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 , wherein R 1 is a branched or linear alkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and R 2 contains at least one unsaturated carbon atom or is one of a linear or branched carbon chain having 24 to 32 carbon atoms or an alkyl group having 8 to 24 carbon atoms.
20. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 , wherein
the amino acid-based cationic ester of formula (I) is selected from brassicyl valinate esylate, cetyl valinate esylate, cetearyl valinate esylate, stearyl valinate esylate, isostearyl valinate esylate, behenyl valinate esylate, octyldodecyl valinate esylate, decyltetradecyl valinate esylate; brassicyl isoleucinate esylate, cetyl isoleucinate esylate, cetearyl isoleucinate esylate, stearyl isoleucinate esylate, isostearyl isoleucinate esylate, behenyl isoleucinate esylate, octyldodecyl isoleucinate esylate, decyltetradecyl isoleucinate esylate, and mixtures thereof; and
the anhydrous buffering agent is selected from an alkali metal salt of gluconic acid, an alkaline earth metal salt of gluconic acid, an alkali metal salt of citric acid, an alkaline earth metal salt of citric acid, an alkali metal salt of lactic acid, and an alkaline earth metal salt of lactic acid.
21. An aqueous formulation comprising a self-neutralizing amino acid-based cationic composition and water, the self-neutralizing amino acid-based cationic composition comprising:
an amino acid-based cationic ester formed using α,ω-aminoalkylcarboxylic acid wherein the α,ω-aminoalkylcarboxylic acid has been neutralized with an acid and esterified with a long chain fatty alcohol,
an anhydrous buffering agent comprising a salt formed from a strong base and a weak organic acid, wherein a ratio of anhydrous buffering agent to amino acid-based cationic ester in the self-neutralizing amino acid-based cationic composition is about 1:2 to about 1:8 on a weight basis, and
a nonionic amphiphile;
wherein the formulation comprises about 5 wt % to about 20 wt % of the self-neutralizing amino acid-based cationic composition, wherein the anhydrous buffering agent is the sole buffering agent in the formulation, and wherein the formulation is a lamellar liquid crystal system having a d-spacing of about 1 nm to about 100 nm as measured by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS).
22. The aqueous formulation of claim 21 , wherein the α,ω-aminoalkylcarboxylic acid is selected from 11-aminoundecanoic acid and 12-aminododecanoic acid.
23. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 , wherein the self-neutralizing amino acid-based cationic composition is in anhydrous solid form.