Partial deformation maps for reconstructing motion-affected treatment dose

1. A method, comprising:

applying, by a processing device, a first target-subject-specific model associated with a target subject to a treatment planning image to generate a transformed treatment planning image corresponding to a first position of a plurality of positions;

modifying one or more hyper-parameters of the first target-subject-specific model to generate a second target-subject-specific model corresponding to a second position of the plurality of positions; and

controlling a radiation treatment delivery device based on the second target-subject-specific model to deliver a radiation treatment to the target subject.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the treatment planning image is one of three-dimensional (3-D) or four-dimensional (4-D) anatomical images and wherein the transformed treatment planning image and the reference image are two-dimensional (2-D) images.

3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising constructing the first target-subject-specific model from a 3-D, 4-D, or other derived image of the target subject.

4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising constructing the first target subject-specific model from at least one deformable registration between the target subject and another subject.

5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising constructing the first target-subject-specific model from at least one deformable registration between the target subject at a first time and the target subject at a second time.

6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising constructing the first target subject-specific model from at least one deformable registration between the target subject and a synthesized atlas subject.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject-specific models comprise a central atlas of the target subject and a set of basis transformations and appearance changes, and wherein the method further comprises linearly combining the central atlas, the set of basis transformations, and the appearance changes to generate an estimate of one or more conformations in which the target subject may be found.

8. A radiation treatment delivery system comprising:

a memory to store information; and

a processing device, operatively coupled to the memory, the processing device to:

apply a first target-subject-specific model associated with a target subject to a treatment planning image to generate a transformed treatment planning image corresponding to a first position of a plurality of positions;

modify one or more hyper-parameters of the first target-subject-specific model to generate a second target-subject-specific model corresponding to a second position of the plurality of positions; and

control a radiation treatment delivery device based on the second target-subject-specific model to deliver a radiation treatment to the target subject.

9. The radiation delivery system of claim 8 , further comprising:

a gantry coupled to the radiation source, wherein the gantry is configured to rotate the radiation source about the target subject.

10. The radiation delivery system of claim 9 , wherein the gantry comprises a C-arm gantry.

11. The radiation delivery system of claim 9 , wherein the gantry comprises a ring gantry.

12. The radiation delivery system of claim 8 , further comprising:

a robotic arm coupled to the radiation source, wherein the robotic arm is configured to position the radiation source at a plurality of positions along a circular or elliptical trajectory.

13. The radiation delivery system of claim 12 , wherein the robotic arm positions the radiation source at the plurality of positions about the target subject.

14. The radiation delivery system of claim 8 , wherein the radiation beam comprises a kilovolt (kV) treatment beam.

15. The radiation delivery system of claim 8 , wherein the MLC comprises a binary MLC.

16. A non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions, which when executed by a processing device, cause the processing device to:

apply a first target-subject-specific model associated with a target subject to a treatment planning image to generate a transformed treatment planning image corresponding to a first position of a plurality of positions;

modify, by the processing device, one or more hyper-parameters of the first target-subject-specific model to generate a second target-subject-specific model corresponding to a second position of the plurality of positions; and

control a radiation treatment delivery device based on the second target-subject-specific model to deliver a radiation treatment to the target subject.

17. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 16 , wherein the treatment planning image is one of three-dimensional (3-D) or four-dimensional (4-D) anatomical images and wherein the transformed treatment planning image and the reference image are two-dimensional (2-D) images.

18. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 16 , the processing device further to construct the first target-subject-specific model from a 3-D, 4-D, or other derived image of the target subject.

19. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 16 , the processing device further to construct the first target subject-specific model from at least one deformable registration between the target subject and another subject.

20. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 16 , the processing device further to construct the first target-subject-specific model from at least one deformable registration between the target subject at a first time and the target subject at a second time.