Methods of preparing a primary cell sample
The invention provides methods of preparing a sample of viable diseased cells obtained from a human subject for clinical testing, wherein the methods inhibit anoikis and/or anoikis in the cells while maintaining the physiological functions and genomic composition of the cells when they were in vivo. In the methods of the invention, primary cells are cultured in media comprising at least one anoikis inhibitor, preferably at least one inhibitor of an intrinsic anoikis pathway and at least one inhibitor of an extrinsic anoikis pathway, under anti-anoikis atmospheric conditions, such as greater than 2% and less than 20% oxygen. Method combining multiple culturing conditions, including surface attachment under conditions that inhibit anoikis, are also provided. Compositions and kits for use in the methods of the invention are also provided.
1. A method of increasing the cell count and cell colony size of viable cancer cells obtained from a human, the method comprising:
culturing the viable cancer cells obtained from the human subject in a medium comprising at least one caspase inhibitor, at least one MMP3 inhibitor and at least one Rho-associated kinase inhibitor under conditions comprising greater than 2% and less than 20% oxygen for at least 24 hours; and
attaching the cultured cancer cells to a surface comprising a hydrated and folded extracellular matrix (ECM).
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the viable cancer cells are cultured under conditions comprising 6-17% oxygen.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cultured cancer cells are transferred to a medium lacking caspase inhibitors, MMP3 inhibitors and Rho-associated kinase inhibitors under conditions comprising 20% oxygen prior to attaching the cultured cancer cells to the surface comprising a hydrated and folded ECM.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein after the cultured cancer cells are attached to the surface, a clinical test is conducted on the cultured cancer cells.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the surface is a biosensor surface or a cell culture vessel surface.
6. The method of claim 4 , wherein a clinical test is conducted on the cells attached to the surface using a biosensor.
7. The method of claim 1 , which comprises:
culturing the viable cancer cells obtained from the human subject in a medium comprising at least one digestion enzyme and at least one caspase inhibitor, at least one MMP3 inhibitor and at least one Rho-associated kinase inhibitor under conditions comprising 6-17% oxygen; followed by
culturing the viable cancer cells in a medium comprising at least one caspase inhibitor, at least one MMP3 inhibitor and at least one Rho-associated kinase inhibitor and lacking digestion enzymes under conditions comprising 6-17% oxygen, prior to attaching the cultured cancer cells to the surface comprising a hydrated and folded ECM.
8. The method of claim 1 , which comprises: culturing the viable cancer cells obtained from the human subject in a media comprising at least one caspase inhibitor, at least one MMP3 inhibitor and at least one Rho-associated kinase inhibitor under conditions comprising 6-17% oxygen on a cell culture vessel surface coated with a hydrated and folded extracellular matrix (ECM), prior to attaching the cultured cancer cells to the surface comprising a hydrated and folded ECM.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein: the cultured cancer cells are attached to a biosensor surface comprising a hydrated and folded extracellular matrix (ECM), wherein the ECM consists of: (i) fibronectin and collagen; (ii) collagen and laminin 332 (laminin V) or (iii) laminin 332 (laminin V).
10. A method of increasing cell count and cell colony size of viable cancer cells obtained from a human subject for a clinical test using a biosensor, the method comprising:
culturing the sample of viable cancer cells obtained from the human subject in medium comprising at least one caspase inhibitor, at least one MMP3 inhibitor and at least one Rho-associated kinase inhibitor under conditions comprising 6-17% oxygen for at least 24 hours;
attaching the cultured cancer cells to a biosensor surface comprising a hydrated and folded extracellular matrix (ECM), wherein the ECM consists of: (i) fibronectin and collagen; (ii) collagen and laminin 332 (laminin V) or (iii) laminin 332 (laminin V); and
conducting a clinical test using a biosensor on the cultured cancer cells.