Vaporizer power system
A system includes a converter configured to electrically couple to a power source and to a heating element of a vaporizer atomizer. The converter can be further configured to receive a first voltage from the power source and provide a second voltage to the heating element. The converter can be a direct-current to direct-current converter. A power monitor configured to electrically couple to the heating element, measure a current through the heating element, measure a voltage over the heating element, calculate a power and/or resistance, and output a control signal to the converter. The converter can be configured to be controlled by the control signal to vary the second voltage to maintain a target power or a target temperature over the heating element. Related apparatus, systems, techniques and articles are also described.
1. A method comprising:
measuring a current through a heating element of a vaporizer atomizer, the current supplied by a converter configured to electrically couple to a power source and to the heating element, the converter further configured to receive a first voltage from the power source and provide a second voltage to the heating element, the converter being a direct-current to direct-current (DC-DC) converter;
measuring a voltage over the heating element;
calculating a power and/or a resistance;
varying the second voltage to maintain a target power or a target temperature over the heating element;
measuring the first voltage from the power source; and
selecting an operating circuit for powering the heating element, wherein the operating circuit is a pulse width modulation control circuit when the first voltage modulated by the pulse width modulation control circuit is sufficient to achieve the target power or the target temperature of the heating element, and wherein the operating circuit is a DC-DC converter control circuit including the DC-DC converter when the first voltage modulated by the pulse width modulation control circuit is not sufficient to achieve the target power or the target temperature of the heating element.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first voltage is 4.0 V, 3.8 V, 3.6 V, or 3.4 V.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein measuring the voltage over the heating element includes using a 3-wire connection or a 4-wire connection.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the DC-DC converter includes a step-up and/or a step-down converter and an energy storage device, wherein the energy storage device includes an inductor and/or capacitors in a switched-capacitors topology or a charge-pump topology.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein measuring the voltage over the heating element occurs without interrupting power to the heating element, and wherein the DC-DC converter is configured to provide power uninterrupted to the heating element during a heating cycle.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
determining, based on variations in the measured current, a variation in a contact resistance of a contact between the DC-DC converter and the heating element.
7. A method comprising:
measuring a current through a heating element of a vaporizer atomizer, the current supplied by a converter configured to electrically couple to a power source and to the heating element, the converter further configured to receive a first voltage from the power source and provide a second voltage to the heating element, the converter being a direct-current to direct-current (DC-DC) converter;
measuring a voltage over the heating element;
calculating a power and/or a resistance;
varying the second voltage to maintain a target power or a target temperature over the heating element;
measuring a duty cycle of a pulse width modulation control circuit;
selecting a DC-DC converter control circuit including the DC-DC converter when the duty cycle required to achieve the target temperature or the target power exceeds a maximum duty cycle of the pulse width modulation control circuit; and
selecting the pulse width modulation control circuit when the duty cycle required to achieve the target temperature or the target power does not exceed the maximum duty cycle of the pulse width modulation control circuit.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the maximum duty cycle is 85%, 90%, 95%, 98%, or about 100%.
9. The method of claim 7 , wherein measuring the voltage over the heating element includes using a 3-wire connection or a 4-wire connection.
10. The method of claim 7 , wherein the DC-DC converter includes a step-up and/or a step-down converter and an energy storage device, wherein the energy storage device includes an inductor and/or capacitors in a switched-capacitors topology or a charge-pump topology.
11. The method of claim 7 , wherein measuring the voltage over the heating element occurs without interrupting power to the heating element, and wherein the DC-DC converter is configured to provide power uninterrupted to the heating element during a heating cycle.
12. The method of claim 7 , further comprising:
determining, based on variations in the measured current, a variation in a contact resistance of a contact between the DC-DC converter and the heating element.
13. A device comprising: circuitry configured to measure a current through a heating element of a vaporizer atomizer, the circuitry further configured to measure a voltage over the heating element of the vaporizer atomizer, the current supplied by a converter configured to electrically couple to a power source and to the heating element, the converter further configured to receive a first voltage from the power source and provide a second voltage to the heating element, the converter being a direct-current to direct-current (DC-DC) converter, the circuitry further configured for calculating a power and/or a resistance, varying the second voltage to maintain a target power or a target temperature over the heating element, and measuring the first voltage from the power source; and a microcontroller configured to select an operating circuit for powering the heating element, wherein the operating circuit is selected to be a pulse width modulation control circuit when the first voltage modulated by the pulse width modulation control circuit is sufficient to achieve the target power or the target temperature of the heating element, or when a duty cycle required to achieve the target temperature or the target power does not exceed a maximum duty cycle of the pulse width modulation control circuit, and wherein the operating circuit is a DC-DC control circuit including the DC-DC converter when the first voltage modulated by the pulse width modulation control circuit is not sufficient to achieve the target power or the target temperature of the heating element, or when the duty cycle required to achieve the target temperature or the target power exceeds the maximum duty cycle of the pulse width modulation control circuit.
14. The device of claim 13 , wherein the operating circuit for powering the heating element is selected based on the first voltage, and wherein the operating circuit is the pulse width modulation control circuit when the first voltage is greater than or equal to a selected voltage of 3.4 V to 4.0 V, and wherein the operating circuit is the DC-DC control circuit including the DC-DC converter when the first voltage is less than the selected voltage of 3.4 V to 4.0 V.
15. The device of claim 13 , wherein the operating circuit for powering the heating element is selected based on the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation control circuit, and wherein the DC-DC control circuit including the DC-DC converter is selected when the duty cycle is greater than 85%.
16. The device of claim 13 , wherein measuring the voltage over the heating element includes using a 3-wire connection or a 4-wire connection.
17. The device of claim 13 , wherein the DC-DC converter includes a step-up and/or a step-down converter and an energy storage device, wherein the energy storage device includes an inductor and/or capacitors in a switched-capacitors topology or a charge-pump topology.
18. The device of claim 13 , wherein measuring the voltage over the heating element occurs without interrupting power to the heating element.
19. The device of claim 13 , wherein the DC-DC converter is configured to provide power uninterrupted to the heating element during a heating cycle.
20. The device of claim 13 , further comprising an integrated circuit including the circuitry and the microcontroller.