Systems and methods for controlling inducer motor speed
Disclosed are exemplary embodiments of systems and methods for controlling inducer motor speed. In an exemplary embodiment, a method includes changing stator voltage of an inducer motor (e.g., by changing a firing angle of a triac, using a transistor, a silicon controlled rectifier or semiconductor controlled rectifier (SCR), other switching device, etc.); determining actual inducer motor speed (e.g., by using a hall effect sensor or other speed sensor, etc.); and after determining the actual inducer motor speed, changing the motor stator voltage (e.g., by changing the firing angle of the triac, etc.) to a value at which the actual inducer motor speed is controllably regulated and/or maintained substantially at a set speed.
1. A method of controlling inducer motor speed, the method comprising:
changing stator voltage of an inducer motor;
determining actual inducer motor speed; and
after determining the actual inducer motor speed, changing the stator voltage of the inducer motor to a value at which the actual inducer motor speed is controllably regulated and/or maintained substantially at a set speed without substantial speed oscillations;
wherein after determining the actual inducer motor speed, the method includes:
determining whether the actual inducer motor speed is greater than a sum of the set speed plus a first delta speed; and
upon determining that the actual inducer motor speed is greater than the sum of the set speed plus the first delta speed, then the method includes reducing the actual inducer motor speed by using a switching device with a higher firing angle to thereby obtain a lower stator voltage for the inducer motor; and
wherein upon determining that the actual inducer motor speed is not greater than the sum of the set speed plus the first delta speed, then the method includes determining whether the actual inducer motor speed is less than a difference of the set speed minus a third delta speed.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method includes reducing the actual inducer motor speed by using a switching device with a highest firing angle to thereby obtain a lowest stator voltage for the inducer motor.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein upon determining that the actual inducer motor speed is less than the difference of the set speed minus the third delta speed, then the method includes increasing the actual inducer motor speed by using the switching device with a lower firing angle to thereby obtain a higher stator voltage for the inducer motor.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein increasing the actual inducer motor speed by using the switching device with a lower firing angle to thereby obtain a higher stator voltage for the inducer motor comprises increasing the actual inducer motor speed by using the switching device with a lowest firing angle to thereby obtain a highest stator voltage for the inducer motor.
5. The method of claim 3 , wherein upon determining that the actual inducer motor speed is not less than the difference of the set speed minus the third delta speed, then the method includes determining whether the actual inducer motor speed is less than a difference of set speed minus a second delta speed.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein:
upon determining that the actual inducer motor speed is less than the difference of set speed minus the second delta speed, then the method includes reducing the firing angle of the switching device by a first offset that is a first percentage value of a difference of the set speed minus the actual inducer motor speed, to thereby increase the actual inducer motor speed; or
upon determining that the actual inducer motor speed is not less than the difference of set speed minus the second delta speed, then the method includes determining whether the actual inducer motor speed is greater than a sum of the set speed plus the second delta speed.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein:
upon determining that the actual inducer motor speed is not greater than the sum of the set speed plus the second delta speed, then the method includes maintaining the firing angle of the switching device; or
upon determining that the actual inducer motor speed is greater than the sum of the set speed plus the second delta speed, then the method includes increasing the firing angle of the switching device by a second offset that is a second percentage value of a difference of the actual inducer motor speed minus the set speed, to thereby decrease the actual inducer motor speed.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein:
the first delta speed is within a range from 30 revolutions per minute to 60 revolutions per minute;
the second delta speed is within a range from 100 revolutions per minute to 30 revolutions per minute; and
the third delta speed is within a range from 100 revolutions per minute to 400 revolutions per minute.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein:
the first percentage value is 25%, and the second percentage value is 25%; and/or
the switching device comprises a triac configured to be operable for changing the stator voltage of the inducer motor by changing a firing angle of the triac; and/or
the first delta speed is 20 revolutions per minute, the second delta speed is 10 revolutions per minute; and the third delta speed is 200 revolutions per minute.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
changing stator voltage of the inducer motor comprises changing a firing angle of a triac; and
after determining the actual inducer motor speed, the method includes changing the firing angle of the triac to a triac firing angle value at which the actual inducer motor speed is controllably regulated and/or maintained substantially at the set speed.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining actual inducer motor speed comprises using a hall effect sensor.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein after determining the actual inducer motor speed, the method includes changing the stator voltage of the inducer motor such that the actual inducer motor speed is controllably regulated and/or maintained at the set speed within less than 4 seconds and without significant speed oscillations.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein after determining the actual inducer motor speed, the method includes changing the stator voltage of the inducer motor such that the actual inducer motor speed is controllably regulated and/or maintained to be within thirty revolutions per minute or less of the set speed.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method includes:
determining whether the set speed is less than a maximum speed of the inducer motor; and
regulating the actual inducer motor speed if it is determined that the set speed is less than the maximum speed of the inducer motor.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein regulating the actual inductor motor speed includes determining whether a predetermined amount of time has expired; and
upon determining that the predetermined amount of time has not expired, then the method includes waiting; or
upon determining that the predetermined amount of time has expired, then the method includes determining the actual inducer motor speed.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method includes maintaining the actual inducer motor speed constant substantially at the set speed if line voltage changes to the inducer motor.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the inducer motor comprises a single phase motor configured for use as a furnace inducer.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein after determining the actual inducer motor speed, the method includes changing the stator voltage of the inducer motor to the value at which the actual inducer motor speed is controllably regulated and/or maintained substantially at the set speed without significant speed oscillations by using a proportional-integral-derivative (PID), proportional-integral (PI), and/or a proportional-derivative (PD) control method.
19. A system configured for controlling inducer motor speed according to the method of claim 1 .
20. A system for controlling inducer motor speed, the system comprising:
a switching device configured to be operable for changing stator voltage of an inducer motor;
a speed sensor configured to be operable for determining actual inducer motor speed; and
a control configured to be operable for changing the stator voltage of the inducer motor to a value at which the actual inducer motor speed is controllably regulated and/or maintained substantially at a set speed without significant speed oscillations;
wherein:
the control is operable for determining whether the actual inducer motor speed is greater than a sum of the set speed plus a first delta speed; and
upon the control determines that the actual inducer motor speed is greater than the sum of the set speed plus the first delta speed, then the control is operable for reducing the actual inducer motor speed by using the switching device with a higher firing angle to thereby obtain a lower stator voltage for the inducer motor;
wherein if the control determines that the actual inducer motor speed is not greater than the sum of the set speed plus the first delta speed, then the control is operable for determining whether the actual inducer motor speed is less than a difference of the set speed minus a third delta speed.
21. The system of claim 20 , wherein the control is operable for reducing the actual inducer motor speed by using the switching device with a highest firing angle to thereby obtain a lowest stator voltage for the inducer motor.
22. The system of claim 20 , wherein if the control determines that the actual inducer motor speed is less than the difference of the set speed minus the third delta speed, then the control is operable for increasing the actual inducer motor speed by using the switching device with a lower firing angle to thereby obtain a higher stator voltage for the inducer motor.
23. The system of claim 22 , wherein the control is operable for increasing the actual inducer motor speed by using the switching device with a lowest firing angle to thereby obtain a highest stator voltage for the inducer motor.
24. The system of claim 20 , wherein the control comprises a proportional-integral-derivative (PID), proportional-integral (PI), and/or a proportional-derivative (PD) controller that is configured to be operable for changing the stator voltage of the inducer motor to the value at which the actual inducer motor speed is controllably regulated and/or maintained substantially at the set speed without significant speed oscillations by using the proportional-integral-derivative (PID), proportional-integral (PI), and/or a proportional-derivative (PD) control method.
25. The system of claim 20 , wherein:
the switching device comprises a triac configured to be operable for changing the stator voltage of the inducer motor by changing a firing angle of the triac;
the speed sensor comprises a hall effect sensor configured to be operable for determining actual inducer motor speed; and
the control is configured to be operable for changing the firing angle of the triac to a triac firing angle value at which the actual inducer motor speed is controllably regulated and/or maintained substantially at a set speed without significant speed oscillations.
26. The system of claim 20 , wherein the system is configured to be operable for controllably regulating and/or maintaining the actual inducer motor speed to be within thirty revolutions per minute of the set speed without significant speed oscillations.
27. A modulating furnace comprising a furnace inducer and the system of claim 20 configured for controlling speed of the furnace inducer.