Molten-salt mediated thermochemical reactions using geothermal energy
A method for producing hydrogen by thermochemical splitting of water includes injecting one or more feed streams of water into a reaction chamber. The method further includes using a molten salt heated by a subterranean heat source to carry out the thermochemical splitting of water to form hydrogen and oxygen in the reaction chamber. The formed products are subsequently removed from the reaction chamber. Hydrogen formed in the reaction chamber may be used in a downstream process to generate hydrocarbons.
1. A reaction system for producing hydrogen by thermochemical splitting of water, the reaction system comprising:
a wellbore extending from a surface into a subterranean heat source, wherein the subterranean heat source is a magma reservoir;
a reaction chamber configured to be maintained at a reaction temperature using heat obtained from a heated molten salt received from the wellbore, wherein the reaction chamber extends at least partially within the magma reservoir;
one or more inlet conduits configured to provide one or more feed streams to the reaction chamber, wherein at least one of the one or more feed streams comprise water; and
one or more outlet conduits configured to allow flow of a first product stream comprising hydrogen and a second product stream comprising oxygen.
2. The reaction system of claim 1 , further comprising a return conduit to recycle unreacted water back to the reaction chamber.
3. The reaction system of claim 1 , wherein the reaction chamber comprises a circulating fluidized bed of one or more non-volatile metal oxide catalysts.
4. The reaction system of claim 1 , wherein the reaction chamber comprises a volatile metal oxide catalyst.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the one or more feed streams further comprise an iodine feed stream and a sulfur dioxide feed stream, or copper feed stream and a hydrochloric acid feed stream.
6. The reaction system of claim 1 , wherein the heat from the wellbore is provided to the reaction chamber by the molten salt from one or more heat exchangers located within the wellbore.
7. The reaction system of claim 1 , further comprising:
an absorption chiller configured to:
receive molten salt heated in the wellbore; and
use the received heated molten salt to generate a cooling fluid; and
a separator vessel configured to:
receive at least one of the first product stream or the second product stream;
receive cooling fluid generated by the absorption chiller; and
separate the at least one of the first product stream or the second product stream into one or more end products.
8. The reaction system of claim 1 , further comprising a downstream reaction system configured to:
receive the hydrogen;
receive carbon dioxide; and
convert the received hydrogen and the received carbon dioxide into one or more hydrocarbon products.
9. The reaction system of claim 8 , wherein the one or more hydrocarbon products comprise a liquid phase hydrocarbon and a gas phase hydrocarbon, wherein the system further comprises:
an absorption chiller configured to:
receive molten salt heated in the wellbore; and
use the received heated molten salt to generate a cooling fluid; and
recovery equipment configured to:
receive the one or more hydrocarbon products;
receive cooling fluid generated by the absorption chiller; and
separate the liquid phase hydrocarbon from the gas phase hydrocarbon.