Level-shifter and its use with switching converters
View Patent ↗Aspects of the present disclosure provide level-shifters and their use with switching converters. A level-shifter receives a binary signal on an input node and generates an output signal also representing the same logic level of the binary signal. The output signal represents logic levels in a first voltage range defined with respect to a first constant reference potential in a sequence of first phases of a clock signal and in a second voltage range defined with respect to a second constant reference potential in a sequence of second phases of the clock signal. The first constant reference potential is lower than the second constant reference potential. A controller block contained in the level-shifter receives the binary signal and transfers a changed logic level of the binary signal only in the first phase, but not in the second phase of the clock signal.
1. A level-shifter to receive a binary signal on an input node and to generate an output signal also representing the same logic level of said binary signal, said level-shifter comprising:
a latch having a first node and a second node, said first node and said second node together providing a pair of complementary binary values, said second node providing said output signal, said output signal representing logic levels in a first voltage range defined with respect to a first constant reference potential in a sequence of first phases of a clock signal and in a second voltage range defined with respect to a second constant reference potential in a sequence of second phases of said clock signal;
a first transistor having a first current terminal coupled to said first node and a second current terminal coupled to said first constant reference potential;
a second transistor having a first current terminal coupled to said second node and a second current terminal coupled to said first constant reference potential; and
a controller block to receive said binary signal, and transfer a logic level of said binary signal only in said first phase, but not in said second phase of said clock signal,
wherein said first constant reference potential is lower than said second constant reference potential.
2. The level-shifter of claim 1 , wherein each of said first voltage range and said second voltage range is defined with respect to a higher voltage value and a lower voltage value,
wherein said first constant reference potential represents the lower voltage value of said first voltage range,
wherein said second constant reference potential represents the lower voltage value of said second voltage range.
3. The level-shifter of claim 1 , wherein said controller block is configured to receive said binary signal and an enable signal, said enable signal indicating whether said clock signal is in said first phase or said second phase, said controller block operating to transfer any changes in logic level of said binary signal only when said enable signal indicates that said clock signal is in said first phase.
4. The level-shifter of claim 3 , wherein said controller block comprises:
a first AND gate;
a second AND gate; and
a generator block to receive said binary signal and to generate a first output and a second output based on said binary signal,
wherein said first AND gate receives said enable signal and said first output of said generator block,
wherein said second AND gate receives said enable signal and said second output of said generator block,
wherein a gate terminal of said first transistor is coupled to output of said first AND gate,
wherein a gate terminal of said second transistor is coupled to output of said second AND gate.
5. The level-shifter of claim 4 , wherein a second current terminal of said first transistor is directly connected to said first node of said latch and a second current terminal of said second transistor is directly connected to said second node of said latch,
wherein a direct connection exists between two nodes such that only a low impedance is present in the direct connection between the nodes.
6. The level-shifter of claim 5 , wherein said latch comprises a first inverter with an input node and an output node and a second inverter with an input node and an output node,
wherein said input node of said first inverter is coupled to said output node of said second inverter,
wherein said input node of said second inverter is coupled to said output node of said first inverter,
wherein said input node of said first inverter is coupled to said first node,
wherein said input node of said second inverter is coupled to said second node.
7. The level-shifter of claim 6 , wherein said each of said first transistor and said second transistor is an n-type MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor),
wherein said latch is designed to handle a first maximum voltage rating, wherein each of said first transistor and said second transistor is designed to handle a second maximum voltage rating higher than said first maximum voltage rating.
8. A switching converter comprising:
a smart power stage (SPS), said SPS comprising:
a high-side switch and a low-side switch that together are operable to generate an output voltage at an output node based on an input voltage received at an input node; and
a driver block to drive a control terminal of said high-side switch by a high-side drive signal having voltage levels in a second voltage range to cause said high-side switch to be ON or OFF, wherein said driver block is coupled to receive a configuration bit as input, wherein a logic level of said configuration bit is designed to control a mode of operation of said driver block, each mode of operation designed to cause said driver block to provide a corresponding signal strength of said high-side drive signal, wherein said driver block operates in each of a first voltage range and said second voltage range; and
a level-shifter, wherein said level-shifter is configured to receive a binary signal on a first node, said level-shifter to generate an output signal also representing the same logic level of said binary signal, wherein said driver block receives said output signal as said configuration bit,
wherein said level-shifter comprises:
a latch having a third node and a fourth node, said third node and said fourth node together providing a pair of complementary binary values, said fourth node providing said output signal, said output signal representing logic levels in said first voltage range defined with respect to a first constant reference potential in a sequence of first phases of a clock signal and in said second voltage range defined with respect to a second constant reference potential in a sequence of second phases of said clock signal;
a first transistor having a first current terminal coupled to said third node and a second current terminal coupled to said first constant reference potential;
a second transistor having a first current terminal coupled to the fourth node and a second current terminal coupled to the first constant reference potential; and
a controller block to receive said configuration bit, and transfer a logic level of said configuration bit only in said first phase, but not in said second phase of said clock signal,
wherein said first constant reference potential is lower than said second constant reference potential.
9. The switching converter of claim 8 , wherein each of said first voltage range and said second voltage range is defined with respect to a higher voltage value and a lower voltage value,
wherein said first constant reference potential represents the lower voltage value of said first voltage range,
wherein said second constant reference potential represents the lower voltage value of said second voltage range.
10. The switching converter of claim 8 , wherein said controller block is configured to receive said configuration bit and an enable signal, said enable signal indicating whether said clock signal is in said first phase or said second phase, said controller block operating to transfer any changes in logic level of said configuration bit only when said enable signal indicates that said clock signal is in said first phase.
11. The switching converter of claim 10 , wherein said clock signal is a pulse-width-modulated signal (PWM) received by said driver block, wherein said driver block generates said enable signal based on said PWM signal,
wherein when said clock signal is operating in said first phase:
said PWM signal is a logic LOW,
said enable signal is a logic HIGH,
said driver block is operating in said first voltage range, and
said low-side switch is ON and said high-side switch is OFF,
wherein when said clock signal is operating in said second phase:
said PWM signal is a logic HIGH,
said enable signal is a logic LOW,
said driver block is operating in said second voltage range, and
said low-side switch is OFF and said high-side switch is ON.
12. The switching converter of claim 11 , wherein said latch comprises a first inverter with an input node and an output node and a second inverter with an input node and an output node,
wherein said input node of said first inverter is coupled to said output node of said second inverter,
wherein said input node of said second inverter is coupled to said output node of said first inverter,
wherein said input node of said first inverter is coupled to said third node,
wherein said input node of said second inverter is coupled to said fourth node.
13. The switching converter of claim 12 , wherein each of said first transistor and said second transistor is a n-type MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor),
wherein said high-side switch is an N-type transistor,
wherein said driver block generates said enable signal having voltage levels in said first voltage range to cause said low-side switch to be ON or OFF,
wherein each of said first transistor and said transistor is coupled to receive a corresponding one of a pair of controls signal to cause one of said first transistor and said second transistor to be ON or OFF based on a logic level of said configuration bit.
14. The switching converter of claim 13 , wherein said controller block comprises:
a generator block to receive said configuration bit, wherein said generator block generates a pulse on a first output path and a logic LOW on a second output path when said configuration bit is a logic HIGH,
wherein said generator block generates a pulse on said second output path and a logic LOW on said first output path when said configuration bit is a logic LOW;
a first AND gate coupled to receive said enable signal and the signal on said first output path, and to generate a first one of said pair of control signals; and
a second AND gate coupled to receive said enable signal and the signal on said second output path, and to generate a second one of said pair of control signals.
15. The switching converter of claim 14 , wherein said latch is designed to handle a first maximum voltage rating, wherein each of said first transistor and said second transistor is designed to handle a second maximum voltage rating higher than said first maximum voltage rating.
16. A voltage regulator module (VRM) comprising:
a phase controller to generate a regulated supply voltage on a first supply node;
a smart power stage (SPS) of a switching converter, said SPS comprising:
a high-side switch and a low-side switch that together are operable to generate an output voltage at an output node based on an input voltage received at an input node; and
a driver block to drive a control terminal of said high-side switch by a high-side drive signal having voltage levels in a second voltage range to cause said high-side switch to be ON or OFF, wherein said driver block is coupled to receive a configuration bit as input, wherein a logic level of said configuration bit is designed to control a mode of operation of said driver block, each mode of operation designed to cause said driver block to provide a corresponding signal strength of said high-side drive signal, wherein said driver block operates in each of a first voltage range and said second voltage range; and
a level-shifter, wherein said level-shifter is configured to receive a binary signal on a first node, said level-shifter to generate an output signal also representing the same logic level of said binary signal, wherein said driver block receives said output signal as said configuration bit,
wherein said level-shifter comprises:
a latch having a third node and a fourth node, said third node and said fourth node together providing a pair of complementary binary values, said fourth node providing said output signal, said output signal representing logic levels in said first voltage range defined with respect to a first constant reference potential in a sequence of first phases of a clock signal and in said second voltage range defined with respect to a second constant reference potential in a sequence of second phases of said clock signal;
a first transistor having a first current terminal coupled to said third node and a second current terminal coupled to said first constant reference potential;
a second transistor having a first current terminal coupled to the fourth node and a second current terminal coupled to the first constant reference potential; and
a controller block to receive said configuration bit, and transfer a logic level of said configuration bit only in said first phase, but not in said second phase of said clock signal,
wherein said first constant reference potential is lower than said second constant reference potential.
17. The VRM of claim 16 , wherein each of said first voltage range and said second voltage range is defined with respect to a higher voltage value and a lower voltage value,
wherein said first constant reference potential represents the lower voltage value of said first voltage range,
wherein said second constant reference potential represents the lower voltage value of said second voltage range.
18. The VRM of claim 16 , wherein said controller block is configured to receive said binary signal and an enable signal, said enable signal indicating whether said clock signal is in said first phase or said second phase, said controller block operating to transfer any changes in logic level of said binary signal only when said enable signal indicates that said clock signal is in said first phase.
19. The VRM of claim 18 , wherein said clock signal is a pulse-width-modulated signal (PWM) generated by said phase controller and received by said driver block, wherein driver block generates said enable signal based on said PWM signal,
wherein when said clock signal is operating in said first phase:
said PWM signal is a logic LOW,
said enable signal is a logic HIGH,
said driver block is operating in said first voltage range, said low-side switch is ON and said high-side switch is OFF,
wherein when said clock signal is operating in said second phase:
said PWM signal is a logic HIGH,
said enable signal is a logic LOW,
said driver block is operating in said second voltage range, said low-side switch is OFF and said high-side switch is ON.
20. The VRM of claim 19 , wherein said latch comprises a first inverter with an input node and an output node and a second inverter with an input node and an output node,
wherein said input node of said first inverter is coupled to said output node of said second inverter,
wherein said input node of said second inverter is coupled to said output node of said first inverter,
wherein said input node of said first inverter is coupled to said third node,
wherein said input node of said second inverter is coupled to said fourth node,
wherein said controller block comprises:
a generator block to receive said configuration bit, wherein said generator block generates a pulse on a first output path and a logic LOW on a second output path when said configuration bit is a logic HIGH,
wherein said generator block generates a pulse on said second output path and a logic LOW on said first output path when said configuration bit is a logic LOW;
a first AND gate coupled to receive said enable signal and the signal on said first output path, and to generate a first one of said pair of control signals; and
a second AND gate coupled to receive said enable signal and the signal on said second output path, and to generate a second one of said pair of control signals.