Granted Patent B2

US 12,397,576 · App. 18/174,510 · Granted Aug 26, 2025

Inventors: Christopher Chapman Rich (Rancho Palos Verdes, CA); Joel Mikael Petersen (Valley Village, CA); John Michael Tamkin (Pasadena, CA); Roger Winston Phillips (Santa Rosa, CA); Phillip Christopher Harvey (Long Beach, CA)

Assignee: WAVEFRONT TECHNOLOGY, INC.

B42D25/342B42D25/21B42D25/29B42D25/324B42D25/351B42D25/355B42D25/373B42D25/378B42D25/425G02B5/18

Abstract

Claims (31)

1. An optical product comprising:

an array of lenses, prisms, or mirrors;

a first plurality of portions disposed under the array of lenses, prisms, or mirrors, individual ones of the first plurality of portions corresponding to a point on a surface of a first 3D object, and comprising first non-holographic features configured to produce at least part of a first 3D image of the first 3D object; and

a second plurality of portions disposed under the array of lenses, prisms, or mirrors, individual ones of the second plurality of portions corresponding to a point on a surface of a second 3D object, and comprising second non-holographic features configured to produce at least part of a second 3D image of the second 3D object,

wherein at a first viewing angle, the array of lenses, prisms, or mirrors presents the first 3D image for viewing without presenting the second 3D image for viewing, and at a second viewing angle different from the first viewing angle, the array of lenses, prisms, or mirrors presents for viewing the second 3D image without presenting the first 3D image for viewing,

wherein a gradient in said first non-holographic features correlates to an inclination of said surface of said first 3D object at said corresponding point, and

wherein an orientation of said first non-holographic features correlates to an orientation of said surface of said first 3D object at said corresponding point.

2. The optical product of claim 1 , where the array of lenses, prisms, or mirrors comprises an array of lenses.

3. The optical product of claim 1 , where the array of lenses, prisms, or mirrors comprises a 1D lens array comprising a series of lenses in one direction.

4. The optical product of claim 1 , where the array of lenses, prisms, or mirrors comprises a 2D lens array comprising a series of lenses in two directions.

5. The optical product of claim 1 ,

wherein a gradient in said second non-holographic features correlates to an inclination of said surface of said second 3D object at said corresponding point, and

wherein an orientation of said second non-holographic features correlates to an orientation of said surface of said second 3D object at said corresponding point.

6. The optical product of claim 1 ,

wherein said inclination of said surface of said first 3D object comprises a polar angle from a first reference line of said first 3D object, and

wherein said orientation of said surface of said first 3D object comprises an azimuth angle from a second reference line orthogonal to said first reference line of said first 3D object.

7. The optical product of claim 6 ,

wherein said inclination of said surface of said second 3D object comprises a polar angle from a first reference line of said second 3D object, and

wherein said orientation of said surface of said second 3D object comprises an azimuth angle from a second reference line orthogonal to said first reference line of said second 3D object.

8. The optical product of claim 1 , wherein said first and second non-holographic features comprise a reflective surface.

9. The optical product of claim 1 , wherein said first or second 3D object comprises an irregularly shaped object.

10. The optical product of claim 1 , wherein said first or second 3D object comprises one or more alphanumeric characters.

11. The optical product of claim 1 , wherein said optical product is configured to provide authenticity verification on an item for security.

12. The optical product of claim 11 , wherein said item is currency, a credit card, a debit card, a passport, a driver's license, an identification card, a document, a tamper evident container or packaging, or a bottle of pharmaceuticals.

13. The optical product of claim 1 , wherein the first and/or second non-holographic features are configured to produce at least part of the image without relying on diffraction and/or phase information.

14. The optical product of claim 1 , wherein the first and second 3D images are achromatic.

15. The optical product of claim 1 , wherein the first and/or second non-holographic features provide no diffractive or interference color.

16. The optical product of claim 1 , wherein the optical product does not provide iridescence over an angular range about a viewing direction over a collection pupil having a size of 4.0 mm or 5.0 mm located at a distance of 24 inches.

17. The optical product of claim 1 , wherein the first and/or second non-holographic features comprise a tint, an ink, dye, or a pigment.

18. The optical product of claim 1 , wherein the array of lenses prisms, or mirrors comprises an array of lenses, and wherein the array of lenses comprises freeform lenslets.

19. The optical product of claim 1 , wherein the array of lenses prisms, or mirrors comprises an array of lenses, and wherein the array of lenses comprises symmetric lenslets.

Assignments (3)

Continuity (8)

References Cited (254)

Cited By (1)

US 12,589,611