IP Library Granted Patent US 12,447,015
Granted Patent B2
US 12,447,015 · App. 18/175,319 · Granted Oct 21, 2025

Prosthetic heart valve and transcatheter delivered endoprosthesis comprising a prosthetic heart valve and a stent

Inventors: Michael J. Girard (Lino Lakes, MN); Randy Lane (Iangley, CA); Arnulf Mayer (Markt Schwaben, DE)
Assignee: JenaValve Technology, Inc.
A61F2/2418A61F2220/0025A61F2220/0075A61F2240/001
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,447,015
App. No.
18/175,319
Granted
Oct 21, 2025
Kind
B2
Abstract

The invention relates to a prosthetic heart valve ( 100 ) for an endoprosthesis ( 1 ) used in the treatment of a stenotic cardiac valve and/or a cardiac valve insufficiency. The prosthetic heart valve ( 100 ) comprises of a plurality of leaflets ( 102 ), which consist of a natural and/or synthetic material and have a first opened position for opening the heart chamber and a second closed position for closing the heart chamber, the leaflets ( 102 ) being able to switch between their first and second position in response to the blood flow through the heart. In addition, the prosthetic heart valve ( 100 ) comprises a leaflet support portion ( 103 ), consisting of biological and/or synthetic material for mounting of the prosthetic heart valve ( 100 ) to a stent ( 10 ), and a bendable transition area ( 104 ) which forms a junction between the leaflets ( 102 ) and the leaflet support portion ( 103 ), the transition area ( 104 ) progressing essentially in a U-shaped manner similar to a cusp shape of a natural aortic or pulmonary heart valve for reducing tissue stresses during opening and closing motion of the leaflets ( 102 ). The invention further relates to an endoprosthesis ( 1 ) comprising a prosthetic heart valve ( 100 ) and a stent ( 10 ).

Claims (27)

1. A prosthetic heart valve comprising:

a stent comprising a plurality of cells, a plurality of retaining arches comprising a plurality of bending edges and defining an outflow edge of the plurality of cells, and a plurality of commissure attachment regions;

at least two leaflets comprising natural tissue and/or synthetic material and having a first opened position for opening the heart chamber and a second closed position for closing the heart chamber, the leaflets configured to switch between the first opened position and the second closed position in response to a blood flow through the heart, the at least two leaflets each coupled to one or more commissure attachment regions of the plurality of commissure attachment regions at one end of each leaflet of the at least two leaflets and each leaflet coupled to a respective retaining arch of the plurality of retaining arches by one or more sutures secured to the plurality of retaining arches by the bending edges;

a skirt portion comprising natural tissue and/or synthetic material, the skirt portion coupled to the plurality of cells and the plurality of retaining arches; and

a bendable transition area formed at the plurality of retaining arches and defining a junction between at least one of the at least two leaflets and the skirt portion, the bendable transition area progressing essentially in a U-shaped manner and configured to reduce tissue stresses during opening and closing motion of the at least two leaflets.

2. The prosthetic heart valve of claim 1 , wherein the skirt portion is integral with the at least one of the at least two leaflets.

3. The prosthetic heart valve of claim 1 , wherein the stent further comprises a plurality of positioning arches configured to be inserted into cusps of native leaflets of a native valve.

4. The prosthetic heart valve of claim 3 , wherein a native leaflet is positioned between each positioning arch of the plurality of positioning arches and each retaining arch of the plurality of retaining arches when plurality of positioning arches are inserted into the cusps of the native valve.

5. The prosthetic heart valve of claim 3 , wherein each positioning arch of the plurality of positioning arches is circumferentially aligned with each retaining arch of the plurality of retaining arches.

6. The prosthetic heart valve of claim 1 , wherein the bending edges of the plurality of retaining arches form fastening notches configured to receive the one or more sutures.

7. The prosthetic heart valve of claim 1 , wherein the bending edges divide each retaining arch of the plurality of retaining arches into a plurality of arm segments.

8. The prosthetic heart valve of claim 1 , wherein the commissure attachment region is positioned at an outflow region of the stent.

9. The prosthetic heart valve of claim 1 , wherein the skirt portion and at least a portion of the plurality of cells are configured to form a seal against an inner wall of a blood vessel.

10. The prosthetic heart valve of claim 1 , wherein each leaflet of the plurality of leaflets comprise a tab extending only a portion of a length of each leaflet and configured to be secured to a respective commissure attachment region of the plurality of commissure attachment regions.

11. A prosthetic heart valve comprising:

a stent comprising a plurality of cells, a plurality of retaining arches comprising a plurality of bending edges and defining an outflow edge of the plurality of cells, and a plurality of commissure attachment regions; and

a prosthetic valve comprising a plurality of pieces, each piece of the prosthetic valve configured to be secured to at least one commissure attachment region of the plurality of commissure attachment regions and the plurality of cells via one or more sutures and further configured to be secured to a retaining arch of the plurality of retaining arches by one or more second sutures positioned around the bending edges of the retaining arches,

wherein the one or more second sutures secure each piece of the plurality of pieces of the prosthetic valve to a respective retaining arch of the plurality of retaining arches to define a transition area in each piece of the plurality of pieces, resulting in a skirt portion on an inflow side of the respective retaining arch and a prosthetic valve portion on an outflow side of the respective retaining arch, the prosthetic valve portion configured to transition between an open position and a closed position.

12. The prosthetic heart valve of claim 11 , wherein the prosthetic valve comprises natural tissue and/or synthetic material.

13. The prosthetic heart valve of claim 11 , wherein the stent further comprises a plurality of positioning arches configured to be inserted into cusps of native leaflets a native valve.

14. The prosthetic heart valve of claim 13 , wherein a native leaflet is positioned between each positioning arch of the plurality of positioning arches and each retaining arch of the plurality of retaining arches when plurality of positioning arches are inserted into the cusps of the native valve.

15. The prosthetic heart valve of claim 13 , wherein each positioning arch of the plurality of positioning arches is circumferentially aligned with each retaining arch of the plurality of retaining arches.

16. The prosthetic heart valve of claim 11 , wherein the bending edges of the plurality of retaining arches form fastening notches configured to receive the one or more sutures.

17. The prosthetic heart valve of claim 11 , wherein the bending edges divide each retaining arch of the plurality of retaining arches into a plurality of arm segments.

18. The prosthetic heart valve of claim 11 , wherein the plurality of commissure attachment regions is positioned at an outflow region of the stent.

19. The prosthetic heart valve of claim 11 , wherein the skirt portion and at least a portion of the plurality of cells are configured to form a seal against an inner wall of a blood vessel.

20. The prosthetic heart valve of claim 11 , wherein each pieces of the plurality of pieces of the prosthetic valve comprise a tab extending only a portion of a length of each leaflet and configured to be secured to a respective commissure attachment region of the plurality of commissure attachment regions.

Assignments (4)
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Apr 24, 2025
From: GIRARD, MICHAEL J.; LANE, RANDY; MAYER, ARNULF
To: JENAVALVE TECHNOLOGY, INC.
Reel/Frame 070940/0120 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Apr 24, 2025
From: JENAVALVE TECHNOLOGY, INC.
To: JENAVALVE TECHNOLOGY GMBH
Reel/Frame 070940/0140 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Apr 24, 2025
From: JENAVALVE TECHNOLOGY GMBH
To: JVT RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
Reel/Frame 071037/0328 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Apr 24, 2025
From: JVT RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
To: JENAVALVE TECHNOLOGY, INC.
Reel/Frame 071037/0495 →
Priority Claims (1)
EP 10163831 · May 25, 2010 · regional
Continuity (5)
Continuation 16794423 · Feb 19, 2020
Continuation 15658955 · Jul 25, 2017
Continuation 13114582 · May 24, 2011
Provisional Application 61348036 · May 25, 2010
Related Publication 20230200982A1 · Jun 29, 2023
References Cited (400)
US 15192A · Peale · 1856 [cited by applicant]
US 388776A · Hall · 1888 [cited by applicant]
US 944214A · Rydquist · 1909 [cited by applicant]
US 2121182A · Benjamin · 1938 [cited by applicant]
US 2669896A · Clough · 1954 [cited by applicant]
US 2682057A · Lord · 1954 [cited by applicant]
US 2701559A · Cooper · 1955 [cited by applicant]
US 2832078A · Williams · 1958 [cited by applicant]
US 3029819A · Edward et al. · 1962 [cited by applicant]
US 3099016A · Lowell et al. · 1963 [cited by applicant]
US 3113586A · Edmark, Jr. et al. · 1963 [cited by applicant]
US 3130418A · Head et al. · 1964 [cited by applicant]
US 3143742A · Cromie · 1964 [cited by applicant]
US 3210836A · Johanson et al. · 1965 [cited by applicant]
US 3221006A · Moore et al. · 1965 [cited by applicant]
US 3334629A · Cohn · 1967 [cited by applicant]
US 3365728A · Lowell et al. · 1968 [cited by applicant]
US 3367364A · Cruz, Jr. et al. · 1968 [cited by applicant]
US 3409013A · Henry et al. · 1968 [cited by applicant]
US 3445916A · Schulte et al. · 1969 [cited by applicant]
US 3540431A · Mobin-Uddin et al. · 1970 [cited by applicant]
US 3548417A · Kischer et al. · 1970 [cited by applicant]
US 3570014A · Hancock et al. · 1971 [cited by applicant]
US 3574865A · Hamaker · 1971 [cited by applicant]
US 3587115A · Shiley et al. · 1971 [cited by applicant]
US 3592184A · Watkins et al. · 1971 [cited by applicant]
US 3628535A · Ostrowsky et al. · 1971 [cited by applicant]
US 3642004A · Osthagen et al. · 1972 [cited by applicant]
US 3657744A · Ersek · 1972 [cited by applicant]
US 3671979A · Moulopoulos · 1972 [cited by applicant]
US 3714671A · Edwards et al. · 1973 [cited by applicant]
US 3725961A · Magovern et al. · 1973 [cited by applicant]
US 3755823A · Hancock · 1973 [cited by applicant]
US 3795246A · Sturgeon · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3839741A · Haller · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3868956A · Alfidi et al. · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3874388A · King et al. · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3983581A · Angell et al. · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 3997923A · Possis · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 4035849A · Angell et al. · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US 4056854A · Boretos et al. · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US 4078268A · Possis · 1978 [cited by applicant]
US 4084268A · Ionescu et al. · 1978 [cited by applicant]
US 4106126A · Traenkle · 1978 [cited by applicant]
US 4106129A · Carpentier et al. · 1978 [cited by applicant]
US 4118806A · Porier et al. · 1978 [cited by applicant]
US 4164046A · Cooley · 1979 [cited by applicant]
US 4182446A · Penny · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4191218A · Clark et al. · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4214587A · Sakura, Jr. · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4215871A · Hirsch et al. · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4222126A · Boretos et al. · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4233690A · Akins · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4261342A · Aranguren Duo · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4263680A · Reul et al. · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4265694A · Boretos et al. · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4291420A · Reul · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4297749A · Davis et al. · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4319831A · Matsui et al. · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US RE30912E · Hancock · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4323358A · Lentz et al. · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4326306A · Poler · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4339831A · Johnson · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4343048A · Ross et al. · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4345340A · Rosen · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4350492A · Wright et al. · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4373216A · Klawitter · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4388735A · Ionescu et al. · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4406022A · Roy · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4423809A · Mazzocco · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4425908A · Simon · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4441215A · Kaster · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4441216A · Ionescu et al. · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4470157A · Love · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4484579A · Meno et al. · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4485816A · Krumme · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4491986A · Gabbay · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4501030A · Lane · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4502488A · Degironimo et al. · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4531943A · Van Tassel et al. · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4535483A · Klawitter et al. · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4546499A · Possis et al. · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4562597A · Possis et al. · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4574803A · Storz · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4580568A · Gianturco · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4592340A · Boyles · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4602911A · Ahmadi et al. · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4605407A · Black et al. · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4610688A · Silvestrini et al. · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4612011A · Kautzky · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4617932A · Kornberg · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4619246A · Molgaard-Nielsen et al. · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4643732A · Pietsch et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4647283A · Carpentier et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4648881A · Carpentier et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4655218A · Kulik et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4655771A · Wallsten · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4662885A · DiPisa, Jr. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4665906A · Jervis · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4665918A · Garza et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4680031A · Alonso · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4681908A · Broderick et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4687483A · Fisher et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4692164A · Dzemeshkevich et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4705516A · Barone et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4710192A · Liotta et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4733665A · Palmaz · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4755181A · Igoe · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4759758A · Gabbay · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4769029A · Patel · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4777951A · Cribier et al. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4787899A · Lazarus · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4787901A · Baykut · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4796629A · Grayzel · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4797901A · Goerne et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4806595A · Noishiki et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4819751A · Shimada et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4829990A · Thuroff et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4834755A · Silvestrini et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4846830A · Knoch et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4851001A · Taheri · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4856516A · Hillstead · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4865600A · Carpentier et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4872874A · Taheri · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4873978A · Ginsburg · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4878495A · Grayzel · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4878906A · Lindemann et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4883458A · Shiber · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4885005A · Nashef et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4909252A · Goldberger · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4917102A · Miller et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4922905A · Strecker · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4927426A · Dretler · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4950227A · Savin et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4953553A · Tremulis · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4954126A · Wallsten · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4966604A · Reiss · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4969890A · Sugita et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4979939A · Shiber · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4986830A · Owens et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 4994077A · Dobben · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5002556A · Ishida et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5002559A · Tower · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5002566A · Carpentier et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5007896A · Shiber · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5026366A · Leckrone · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5026377A · Burton et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5032128A · Alonso · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5035706A · Giantureo et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5037434A · Lane · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5047041A · Samuels · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5053008A · Bajaj · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5059177A · Towne et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5061273A · Yock · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5061277A · Carpentier et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5064435A · Porter · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5078720A · Burton et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5080668A · Bolz et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5085635A · Cragg · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5089015A · Ross · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5094661A · Levy et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5104399A · Lazarus · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5104407A · Lam et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5108425A · Hwang · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5122154A · Rhodes · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5132473A · Furutaka et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5141494A · Danforth et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5143987A · Hansel et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5147388A · Yamazaki · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5152771A · Sabbaghian et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5159937A · Tremulis · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5161547A · Tower · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5163953A · Vince · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5163955A · Love et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5167628A · Boyles · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5178632A · Hanson · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5192301A · Kamiya et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5193546A · Shaknovich · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5197979A · Quintero et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5201757A · Heyn et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5207695A · Trout, III · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5209741A · Spaeth · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5211183A · Wilson · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5215541A · Nashef et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5217481A · Barbara · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5217483A · Tower · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5232445A · Bonzel · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5234447A · Kaster et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5234456A · Silvestrini · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5238004A · Sahatjian et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5258008A · Wilk · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5258023A · Reger · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5258042A · Mehta · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5272909A · Nguyen et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5275580A · Yamazaki · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5279612A · Eberhardt · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5282847A · Trescony et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5287861A · Wilk · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5295958A · Shturman · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5327774A · Nguyen et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5330486A · Wilk · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5330500A · Song · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5332402A · Teitelbaum · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5336258A · Quintero et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5342348A · Kaplan · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5344426A · Lau et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5344427A · Cottenceau et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5344442A · Deac · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5350398A · Pavcnik et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5350399A · Erlebacher et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5352240A · Ross · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5354330A · Hanson et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5360444A · Kusuhara · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5368608A · Levy et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5370685A · Stevens · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5380054A · Galvis · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5387235A · Chuter · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5389096A · Aita et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5389106A · Tower · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5397351A · Pavcnik et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5397355A · Marin et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5409019A · Wilk · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5411552A · Andersen et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5415633A · Lazarus et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5425739A · Jessen · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5425762A · Muller · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5429144A · Wilk · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5431676A · Dubrul et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5433723A · Lindenberg et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5443446A · Shturman · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5443449A · Buelna · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5443477A · Marin et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5443495A · Buscemi et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5443499A · Schmitt · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5449384A · Johnson · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5456712A · Maginot · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5456713A · Chuter · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5464449A · Ryan et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5469868A · Reger · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5470320A · Tiefenbrun et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5476506A · Lunn · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5476508A · Amstrup · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5476510A · Eberhardt et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5480423A · Ravenscroft et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5480424A · Cox · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5486193A · Bourne et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5487760A · Villafana · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5489294A · McVenes et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5489297A · Duran · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5489298A · Love et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5496346A · Horzewski et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5499995A · Teirstein · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5500014A · Quijano et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5500015A · Deac · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5507767A · Maeda et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5509930A · Love · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5522881A · Lentz · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5527337A · Stack et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5530949A · Koda et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5534007A · St. Germain et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5540712A · Kleshinski et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5545133A · Burns et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5545209A · Roberts et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5545211A · An et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5545214A · Stevens · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5549665A · Vesely et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5549666A · Hata et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5554119A · Harrison et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5554185A · Block et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5569274A · Rapacki et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5571167A · Maginot · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5571174A · Love et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5571175A · Vanney et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5571215A · Sterman et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5573520A · Schwartz et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5575818A · Pinchuk · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5580922A · Park et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5591185A · Kilmer et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5591195A · Taheri et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5593434A · Williams · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5595571A · Jaffe et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5596471A · Hanlin · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5607464A · Trescony et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5607465A · Camilli · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5609626A · Quijano et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5613982A · Goldstein · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5618299A · Khosravi et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5626553A · Frassica et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5628784A · Strecker · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5632778A · Goldstein · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5634942A · Chevillon et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5643278A · Wijay · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5645559A · Hachtman et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5653684A · Laptewicz et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5653745A · Trescony et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5653749A · Love et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5655548A · Nelson et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5662124A · Wilk · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5662671A · Barbut et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5662703A · Yurek et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5665115A · Cragg · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5667523A · Bynon et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5674277A · Freitag · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5674298A · Levy et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5679112A · Levy et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5681345A · Euteneuer · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5682906A · Sterman et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5683451A · Lenker et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5690644A · Yurek et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5693083A · Baker et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5693088A · Lazarus · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5693310A · Gries et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5695498A · Tower · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5697972A · Kim et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5700269A · Pinchuk et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5702368A · Stevens et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5709713A · Evans et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5713917A · Leonhardt et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5713950A · Cox · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5713951A · Garrison et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5713953A · Vallana et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5716370A · Williamson, IV et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5716417A · Girard et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5718725A · Sterman et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5720391A · Dohm et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5720776A · Chuter et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5725549A · Lam · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5725550A · Nadal · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5728068A · Leone et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5728151A · Garrison et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5733267A · Del Toro · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5733325A · Robinson et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5735842A · Krueger et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5746476A · Novak et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5746709A · Rom et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5746765A · Kleshinski et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5746775A · Levy et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5749890A · Shaknovich · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5749921A · Lenker et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5755682A · Knudson et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5755777A · Chuter · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5755783A · Stobie et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5756476A · Epstein et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5758663A · Wilk et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5766151A · Valley et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5769780A · Hata et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5769812A · Stevens et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5769882A · Fogarty et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5769887A · Brown et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5772609A · Nguyen et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5776188A · Shepherd et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5782809A · Umeno et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5782904A · White et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5795331A · Cragg et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5797946A · Chin · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5797960A · Stevens et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5799661A · Boyd et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5800456A · Maeda et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5800508A · Goicoechea et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5800531A · Cosgrove et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5807327A · Green et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5807384A · Mueller · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5807405A · Vanney et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5810836A · Hussein et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5814016A · Valley et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5817113A · Gifford, III et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5817126A · Imran · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5823956A · Roth et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5824037A · Fogarty et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5824038A · Wall · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5824041A · Lenker et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5824043A · Cottone, Jr. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5824053A · Khosravi et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5824055A · Spiridigliozzi et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5824056A · Rosenberg · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5824061A · Quijano et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5824063A · Cox · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5824064A · Taheri · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5824071A · Nelson et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5824080A · Lamuraglia · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5829447A · Stevens et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5830222A · Makower · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5836869A · Kudo et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5840081A · Andersen et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5841382A · Walden et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5843158A · Lenker et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5843161A · Solovay · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5843181A · Jaffe et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5851232A · Lois · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5853419A · Imran · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5853420A · Chevillon et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5855210A · Sterman et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5855597A · Jayaraman · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5855600A · Alt · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5855601A · Bessler et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5855602A · Angell · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5860966A · Tower · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5860996A · Urban et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5861024A · Rashidi · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5861028A · Angell · 1999 [cited by applicant]
Cited By (1)
US 12,642,650